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Oxford chemists bent a molecular chain of porphyrin units around a template and joined its ends to make a π-conjugated ring about 3 nanometres in diameter. The “wire” was a chain of molecules, not a flexible wire like the kind used in electronics, and the result was a characterized molecule—not a working consumer device.
What the researchers made
In 2007, Markus Hoffmann, Craig J. Wilson, Barbara Odell, and Harry L. Anderson reported a template-directed synthesis in Angewandte Chemie International Edition. Their paper, “Template-Directed Synthesis of a π-Conjugated Porphyrin Nanoring”, described a cyclic molecule built from eight porphyrin units.
The units were connected by hydrocarbon linkers containing carbon–carbon triple bonds. The resulting ring was described as π-conjugated: its connected molecular structure provides a path for electronic interactions around the ring. Chemistry World reported its diameter as 3 nm in a contemporaneous account of the study (9 March 2007).
How the molecular wire was bent and closed
The researchers used a molecular template with eight spokes to guide the chain into a ring-like arrangement. Pyridine groups at the ends of the spokes coordinated zinc ions in the porphyrin chain, holding the components in position while the chain was assembled.
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- Arrange the chain around the hub. The eight-spoked template directed the porphyrin chain into a circular shape.
- Join the ends. Palladium-catalysed coupling connected the two ends of the chain, closing the ring.
- Release the product. Excess free pyridine displaced the template, leaving the cyclic octamer.
Chemistry World reported that the researchers characterized the product using NMR and other spectroscopic and chromatographic methods. The template therefore served as a molecular scaffold during synthesis; it was not part of the released ring.
What the result does—and does not—show
The reported achievement was making and characterizing a conjugated molecular ring by bending a chain around a template and joining its ends. It was not a demonstration of a useful electronic component, a consumer product, or a macroscopic wire made flexible.
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The researchers were interested in the ring’s electronic properties, including what might happen if single electrons were added or removed. Chemistry World also raised the possibility of small-loop phenomena such as persistent ring currents and quantized magnetisation. These were questions for investigation, not effects established by the reported synthesis.
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Anderson, the Oxford research-group leader, said: “It will be interesting to discover whether similar effects can be observed in molecular nanorings.” Cambridge chemist Jeremy Sanders called the synthesis “a synthetic tour de force” and described the prospect of light or electrons travelling around the porphyrin ring as an intriguing possibility. Those comments capture the distinction: the ring had been made, while its potential behavior remained to be explored.
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Why a molecular ring matters
A ring provides a closed route through linked molecular units, making it a structure in which researchers can investigate how electronic behavior differs from that in an open chain. The 2007 work established a way to construct and release such a porphyrin ring. Whether electrons or light can travel around it in a measurable, useful way—and whether ring-current effects appear—requires evidence beyond the molecule’s synthesis and structural characterization.
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