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Use Coolify’s Shared Variables feature to define a value once and reference it from applications, databases, and services in several projects. The key detail is that a shared definition is not injected automatically: every consuming resource must explicitly reference it with a scope-qualified expression such as {{team.NODE_ENV}} or {{environment.DB_HOST}}.
Choose the narrowest scope that covers all consumers, add the value in the Shared Variables area, place a reference in each resource’s Environment Variables settings, save, and then redeploy or restart according to whether the change affects the build or only runtime configuration. This keeps ownership and exposure predictable while avoiding copied secrets.
What Coolify shared variables do—and what they do not do
A shared variable is a named value managed centrally in Coolify. Resources resolve a reference to that value when their configuration is rendered. The same definition can therefore serve several applications or services without pasting the value into each resource.
Shared variables are scoped. Coolify recognizes four literal scope keywords: team, project, environment, and server. The scope controls where the value can be resolved, not merely how it is labeled.
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Creating a shared variable does not add an environment variable to every application, database, or service. Each consumer still needs a workload-facing key and a reference to the shared value. This explicit mapping prevents an unrelated resource from receiving a credential simply because it exists somewhere in the team.
Choose the correct scope
Start by listing every resource that needs the value and where those resources run. Then select the smallest scope that includes all of them. A smaller scope generally gives better isolation and makes the owner of a value easier to identify.
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| Scope | Reach | Typical use | Important boundary |
|---|---|---|---|
team |
Resources in the active team | A value intentionally reused by resources in multiple projects owned by that team | Every project in the team can potentially reference it, so use it only for deliberate team-wide configuration |
project |
Resources belonging to one project | A default shared by several applications, databases, or services in that project | Resources in other projects cannot resolve the project-scoped value |
environment |
One environment within a project, such as staging or production | Values that must differ between staging and production | The reference resolves only in the matching project environment |
server |
Resources deployed to the selected server | Host-specific endpoints or settings when equivalent workloads run on different servers | The value follows the server, not a project; moving a resource can change which value it resolves |
For example, a database host used by two applications in one project but different hosts in staging and production belongs at environment scope. A registry endpoint used by resources in several projects in the same team may belong at team scope. A local monitoring address that exists only on one machine is a server-scope candidate.
Set up a shared variable in Coolify
- Open Shared Variables. In the Coolify sidebar, select Shared Variables.
- Select the scope. Choose Team wide, Project wide, Environment wide, or Server wide. Confirm that the selected project, environment, team, or server is the one that contains every intended consumer.
- Enter the name and value. Use the exact key that you will reference later, such as
NODE_ENV,DB_HOST, orDATABASE_URL. Add an optional comment describing the owner, purpose, or rotation expectation. - Select the right value type. Use the Multiline type for certificates, private keys, signed configuration blocks, and any value containing line breaks. Keeping line breaks in the stored value avoids damaging PEM boundaries or other structured content.
- Lock sensitive values when appropriate. A locked shared variable remains a reference rather than becoming a freely copyable secret value in the resource editor. Treat the lock as an access-control aid, not as a substitute for limiting who can deploy or inspect a workload.
- Save the definition. Saving creates the centrally managed value, but it does not yet put a variable into any workload.
Reference the value from each consuming resource
Open an application, database, or service that should consume the value and select its Environment Variables settings. Create the variable name that the process expects, then set its value to a scope-qualified reference.
| Consumer key | Reference example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
NODE_ENV |
{{team.NODE_ENV}} |
Resolve the team-scoped variable named NODE_ENV |
DATABASE_URL |
{{environment.DB_HOST}} |
Resolve DB_HOST from the current project environment |
API_BASE_URL |
{{project.API_BASE_URL}} |
Resolve the project-scoped value for this resource’s project |
METRICS_ENDPOINT |
{{server.METRICS_ENDPOINT}} |
Resolve the value associated with the server running the resource |
The word inside the braces must be the literal scope keyword, not the name of your team, project, environment, or server. For a team-scoped value, write {{team.NAME}}, even if the team itself has a custom name.
Repeat this mapping for every consumer. An API and a worker can both define DATABASE_URL and point it to the same shared value, while a frontend can omit it entirely. This explicit per-resource choice is what keeps the shared definition from becoming accidental global configuration.
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Apply the change: redeploy versus restart
After saving the resource variable, recreate the workload so the new configuration is available to the process.
- Use a new deployment when the value affects the build. Build commands, dependency installation, generated assets, and other image-creation steps read values during deployment. A restart of an existing container does not rebuild that image.
- Use Restart for runtime-only changes. If the application reads the variable only when the container starts and the image does not need rebuilding, restarting can be sufficient.
- When uncertain, deploy. A fresh deployment covers both image creation and runtime startup, though it takes longer and may trigger the normal release process.
Save first, then use the resource’s deployment or restart control. Do not assume that changing the shared definition changes an already running process; the process keeps its existing environment until it is recreated.
Verify resolution without leaking a secret
Verification should prove that the workload received the intended configuration without printing credentials into public deployment logs.
- Check the resource’s saved Environment Variables entry. It should contain the reference, such as
{{project.API_BASE_URL}}, rather than a pasted secret. - Confirm that the referenced shared variable exists at the exact scope and name used in the expression.
- Redeploy or restart as required by the variable’s use.
- From an administrative shell or an internal diagnostic endpoint, test a non-sensitive property: whether a required variable is present, whether a URL has the expected hostname, or whether a feature flag equals the intended non-secret value.
- Keep secret values out of command output, application logs, health-check responses, screenshots, and public error pages.
For a locked shared variable, expect the resource configuration to retain a reference rather than exposing the resolved secret for copying. That behavior is useful when several operators can deploy a resource but should not be able to extract the underlying credential.
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With a Compose-based resource, put the shared reference where the value is consumed by the Compose configuration. Follow Coolify’s Compose interpolation rules and preserve the braces exactly. A single shared value can be used by multiple services in the same stack.
services:
api:
environment:
DATABASE_URL: "{{environment.DATABASE_URL}}"
worker:
environment:
DATABASE_URL: "{{environment.DATABASE_URL}}"The example gives the API and worker the same environment-scoped database connection while allowing another environment to supply a different connection. Keep the reference in the configuration that Coolify processes; do not replace it with a hard-coded production secret in the Compose file.
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Common failures and their fixes
The variable is defined but the container cannot see it
The usual cause is assuming that the shared definition is automatically injected. Add a workload-facing key in the resource’s Environment Variables section and set its value to the appropriate reference. Then save and recreate the workload.
The reference remains unresolved
Check all three parts of the expression: the literal scope keyword, the exact shared-variable name, and the resource’s location. For example, {{team.NODE_ENV}} uses team as the scope and NODE_ENV as the name. A project-scoped variable cannot be resolved with an environment or server prefix. If no matching shared variable is available, Coolify leaves the reference unresolved rather than guessing another value.
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Renaming the definition does not rewrite consumers. Search every resource for the old reference, replace it with the new name, save each resource, and redeploy or restart the affected workloads.
A deleted variable still appears in resource settings
Deleting the shared definition does not remove stored references from resources. Clean those references before the next deployment, or replace them with a valid variable. Otherwise a later deployment can fail or start with an unresolved value.
Staging is using production configuration
Inspect the scope first. A team- or project-scoped value is shared more broadly than an environment-scoped value. If staging and production need different values, create separate environment-scoped definitions and reference them with {{environment.NAME}} in each environment.
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The new value is visible in the editor but not at runtime
The running process has not been recreated, or the value is consumed during image build. Use a new deployment for build-time use; use Restart only for a runtime-only change.
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A multiline key or certificate fails to parse
Edit the shared variable using the Multiline value type and preserve the original line breaks. Avoid converting a certificate or private key into a single wrapped line unless the consuming application explicitly requires that format.
Developer view and ordinary shared variables
Coolify’s Developer view provides a compact editor for ordinary shared variables. Enter one KEY=value pair per line. Lines beginning with # are comments.
# Shared defaults
LOG_LEVEL=info
PUBLIC_API=https://api.internal.exampleSaving the editor applies the complete contents. Removing a line therefore deletes that ordinary shared variable; it is not merely omitted from the next display. Review the whole editor before saving, especially when several people maintain the same scope.
Use Normal view for locked and multiline variables. Those values need controls that the line-oriented Developer view does not provide safely.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Automate administration with the API
Coolify documents bearer-authenticated API operations for listing project and environment shared variables and for creating project-scoped variables. API automation is useful when environments are created from a pipeline or when a controlled process must apply the same configuration repeatedly.
- Store the bearer token in a protected secret store, not in a repository, ticket, shell history, or public CI log.
- Grant the token only the permissions needed for the operation.
- Make scripts explicit about scope so a project variable is not accidentally created as team-wide data.
- After an automated change, trigger the appropriate deployment or restart and verify a non-secret property.
API paths and available operations can change between Coolify releases, so use the API reference that matches the installed version rather than hard-coding an endpoint copied from an unrelated release.
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When to use an external secret manager
Shared Variables are convenient for configuration that Coolify should own. For sensitive values reused across many projects, an external secret manager can provide a stronger separation of duties, centralized rotation, audit trails, or access policies independent of the deployment platform.
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- Keep the reference, rather than the resolved secret, in application configuration and source control.
- Plan how a rotation propagates to every consuming resource and whether a restart or redeploy is required.
- Test recovery with an expired, revoked, or temporarily unavailable credential before relying on the integration for a critical service.
Manage shared variables as infrastructure
If shared-variable definitions must be reviewed, versioned, and reproduced, the Terraform Provider for Coolify documents a coolify_shared_environment_variable resource. The provider covers team, project, environment, and server scopes and supports Coolify version 4.3.0 and later.
Infrastructure as code is most useful when the variable metadata and scope belong in a controlled change process. Protect the Terraform state because it may contain sensitive values, use a secure state backend, and avoid exposing secrets in plan output. Keep the resource’s scope aligned with the same narrowest-scope rule used in the UI.
A practical rollout checklist
- List every application, database, and service that needs the value.
- Choose the narrowest scope covering all of those consumers.
- Use a precise, stable key name and document its purpose in the optional comment.
- Choose Multiline for certificates, private keys, or other line-break-sensitive data.
- Lock sensitive values when operators need to deploy without copying the secret.
- Add an explicit reference in each consumer’s Environment Variables settings.
- Check that the scope word is literally
team,project,environment, orserver. - Save each resource variable and redeploy or restart based on when the value is consumed.
- Verify presence or a non-secret property inside the workload without logging the secret.
- When renaming or deleting a shared variable, update or remove every stored reference first.
Operational model to remember
Think of a shared variable as a scoped definition plus explicit consumer bindings. The definition centralizes ownership; the reference decides which resource receives it; the deployment or restart determines when a running process gets the new value. Keeping those three stages separate explains most Coolify configuration surprises and makes changes predictable across projects.
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