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If someone has used your information to open accounts, request a free security freeze separately from Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion. If a child’s identity may have been used, first ask each bureau whether the child has a credit file; a parent or guardian can request a freeze for a child under 16. A freeze helps limit new-credit access to a report, but it does not close fraudulent accounts or remove inaccurate entries.

Start with the identity-theft recovery steps

Use the FTC’s IdentityTheft.gov recovery steps to report what happened and get a recovery plan. Save the FTC Identity Theft Report and plan; you may need the report when contacting creditors or asking a bureau to block fraudulent information.

Keep a record of every call, letter, and online submission, including the date, the organization, the person or department contacted, and any confirmation number. The FTC advises contacting companies where fraudulent accounts were opened, asking them to close the accounts, and requesting written confirmation that the account is not yours and that you are not liable.

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Freeze your own credit reports at all three bureaus

Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion maintain separate credit reports. A freeze is free and generally restricts access to a report for most applications for new credit, making it harder for someone to open a new credit account in your name. Request it from each bureau individually through that bureau’s current official website or contact method; a freeze at one does not automatically freeze the other two.

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  1. Contact Equifax and request a security freeze.
  2. Contact Experian and request a security freeze.
  3. Contact TransUnion and request a security freeze.
  4. Save each bureau’s confirmation and instructions for lifting or temporarily thawing the freeze.

A freeze remains in place until you lift or remove it. When you apply for legitimate new credit, the lender may need access to your report, so you may need to lift the freeze for a period or for a specific application. A freeze does not erase existing accounts, remove fraudulent entries, or prevent every form of misuse.

USAGov says online or phone freeze requests must be placed within one business day, while mailed requests must be placed within three business days. For lifting a freeze, its stated processing time is one hour for online or phone requests and three business days for mailed requests. These timelines come from USAGov’s page updated November 13, 2025; check its current freeze instructions before relying on them.

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Check whether your child has a credit file

Children generally do not have credit reports unless their information has been used to create one. Ask each bureau to search for a file using its current instructions for a minor. Do not assume that an adult’s online freeze process will work for a child: bureau procedures for minors are separate and may require paperwork.

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If a bureau finds a report, request a copy and identify any accounts or entries that resulted from identity theft. If no report exists, ask about placing a freeze anyway. The CFPB explains that a nationwide bureau can create a protected-consumer record solely to freeze a child’s information; this is not a conventional credit history used for lending. See the CFPB’s explanation of credit freezes and protected consumers.

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Request a freeze for a child under 16

A parent or guardian may request a free freeze for a child under 16. The FTC advises this step to make it harder for someone to open new accounts in the child’s name. Contact each bureau separately, follow its minor-specific search and freeze instructions, and keep copies of everything you submit.

Each bureau may ask for documents that establish the child’s identity, your identity and address, and your relationship or legal authority. Requirements differ, so use the current instructions from Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion rather than sending the same assumed document set to all three. The FTC’s child identity theft guidance says that a young person aged 16 or 17 may request and remove a freeze themselves; the under-16 parent or guardian process does not apply identically to older teenagers.

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Choose between a freeze and a fraud alert—or use both

Protection What it does How to request it Duration
Security freeze Restricts access to the credit report for most new-credit applications. Request separately from Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion. Until you lift or remove it.
Initial fraud alert Asks creditors to take reasonable steps to verify the identity of someone applying for credit. Contact one bureau; it must notify the other two. One year, according to the FTC’s current recovery guidance.
Extended fraud alert Provides an identity-verification alert for a consumer who has experienced identity theft. Request an alert and provide an FTC Identity Theft Report. Seven years, according to the FTC’s current recovery guidance.

A fraud alert and a freeze work differently. An alert asks creditors to verify identity; it does not itself restrict report access in the way a freeze does. The FTC describes both as possible protections in its Know Your Rights guidance. Choose the protection that fits your situation; neither replaces the work of correcting accounts opened through fraud.

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Close fraudulent accounts and correct report entries

Contact each business where an account was opened

Call or write the business’s fraud department. Explain that the account was opened using stolen information, ask the business to close it, and request a letter confirming that the account is fraudulent and that you—or your child—are not responsible for the debt. Provide the FTC Identity Theft Report and any documents the business requests. For a child’s account, state clearly that the account was opened using a minor’s identity.

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Ask the bureaus to block or dispute fraudulent information

If fraudulent accounts or other inaccurate information appear on a credit report, contact the relevant bureaus in writing. Identify each entry and ask for it to be blocked through the identity-theft process or disputed as inaccurate, as appropriate. Include the FTC report and supporting documents when requested, and keep copies of all submissions. The FTC explains rights related to blocking identity-theft information and obtaining a free freeze.

An FTC report can support a request to block qualifying fraudulent information, but it does not automatically freeze reports, close accounts, or complete the recovery steps for you. Continue tracking each creditor and bureau response until you have written confirmation of the actions taken.

Protect documents that contain personal information

Shred papers containing a child’s personal information before disposal; the FTC also suggests using a local shred day if you do not have a shredder. This helps reduce exposure of information on discarded documents, but it is a preventive measure rather than a substitute for the freeze and account-recovery steps.

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Quick Recap

Bestseller No. 1
Amazon Basics 8-Sheet Strip Cut Portable Paper, CD, and Credit Card Shredder with Auto-Off, Overheat Protection, Compact Design, No Basket, Extendable Arm, Black
Amazon Basics 8-Sheet Strip Cut Portable Paper, CD, and Credit Card Shredder with Auto-Off, Overheat Protection, Compact Design, No Basket, Extendable Arm, Black
Fits over most waste baskets; extendable arm max length is 16.7" or 42.4 cm; Please refer to the user manual, troubleshooting guide, and instructional video before use
$31.44
Bestseller No. 2
Amazon Basics 8-Sheet High Security Cross Cut Paper and Credit Card Shredder with P-4 Security, Auto Shut-off, Black
Amazon Basics 8-Sheet High Security Cross Cut Paper and Credit Card Shredder with P-4 Security, Auto Shut-off, Black
Refer to the user manual, troubleshooting guide, and instructional video before use; Product dimensions: 12.76 x 7.28 x 14.09 inches (LxWxH)
$36.54
Bestseller No. 5
Bonsaii 8-Sheet Strip Cut Paper Shredder for Home, Shred CDs & Credit Cards
Bonsaii 8-Sheet Strip Cut Paper Shredder for Home, Shred CDs & Credit Cards
Important Note: Do not spray or keep any aerosol products in or around the shredder.
$35.99

Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.