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Choose firm, sound fruits and vegetables without bruises or other damage, buy only what you expect to use, and store each item according to its needs. Before juicing, wash produce under running water—even if you plan to peel it—and cut away damaged areas. Washing helps reduce bacteria, but it does not make produce or homemade juice sterile.

How to pick fruit and vegetables for juicing

At the store, look for produce that is sound rather than bruised or visibly damaged. Bruises and mold are signs of spoilage; avoid produce that looks rotten. The FDA’s produce-safety guidance recommends choosing produce without bruises or damage.

Plan the amount around the juice you actually intend to make. USDA’s Food Buying Guide says yield information can help estimate purchase quantities and prevent food waste, but its guidance does not establish juice yields for particular fruits or vegetables. There is no supported universal yield chart here, so avoid buying based on a promised amount of juice per piece or pound.

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  • Buy only what you can use while it is still sound.
  • Use delicate or already-ripe produce sooner than firmer items.
  • Consider seasonal or locally produced foods as shopping options, not as a guarantee of lower prices or longer storage life. USDA’s Food Buying Guide resources on fruits recommend incorporating seasonal and locally produced foods into meals.

How to store produce before juicing it

Storage depends on the kind of produce. Do not put every item in the refrigerator by default: USDA’s Food and Nutrition Administration lists bananas, sweet potatoes, potatoes, and dry onions for dry storage at 60–70°F. It also advises separating ethylene-producing fruits from produce sensitive to ethylene when practical, because ethylene can speed ripening and deterioration.

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For temperature context, USDA’s Food and Nutrition Administration says refrigerators should be kept at 41°F or less on its page updated June 3, 2024. The FDA’s consumer guidance recommends storing perishable fresh produce at 40°F or below. These are recommendations from different agencies; follow the storage directions for the particular food rather than treating either number as a universal produce-storage rule. Refrigerate perishable produce and all pre-cut or packaged produce.

Produce storage times can range from a few days to several weeks, according to USDA’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), which updated its guidance on August 13, 2024. Because there is no single shelf life for all produce, inspect what you have and use the more perishable items first.

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For practical storage guidance, see USDA’s Storing Fresh Produce page and the FSIS guidance on how long fruits and vegetables can be stored.

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How to prepare produce safely for fresh juice

  1. Wash your hands. Use soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds before and after preparing produce.
  2. Rinse produce under running water. Wash it thoroughly even if it will be peeled. Do not use soap, detergent, or commercial produce wash.
  3. Scrub firm-skinned items. The FDA says: “Scrub firm produce, such as melons and cucumbers, with a clean produce brush.” A brush helps scrub the surface; it does not sanitize food or replace rinsing.
  4. Dry and inspect. Dry produce with a clean cloth or paper towel. Cut away bruised or damaged areas; discard produce that looks rotten.
  5. Keep raw-meat contamination away. Keep produce separate from raw meat, poultry, and seafood during shopping and preparation, and do not reuse utensils that have touched raw meat without washing them.

The FDA explains that washing can reduce bacteria but does not eliminate it. Peeling also does not guarantee that contamination is absent. See the FDA’s guidance on selecting and serving produce safely.

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Fresh juice is not automatically safe from bacteria

Bacteria can be present on the outside of produce and can reach juice during preparation. Washing and peeling reduce some risks but do not guarantee that fresh-squeezed juice is free of contamination. The FDA highlights particular concern for children, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems. For these groups, choose pasteurized or otherwise treated juice rather than assuming homemade juice is safe because its ingredients were washed.

For juice that must be refrigerated, USDA FSIS advises not leaving it at room temperature for more than two hours. Its guidance on storing unpasteurized fruit juice was updated March 7, 2025. The FDA also explains what consumers need to know about juice safety.

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Juice and whole fruit are not nutritionally interchangeable

Juice contains less dietary fiber than whole fruit, and drinking excess juice can add calories. Treat fresh juice as one way to use produce, not as nutritionally equivalent to eating the whole fruit. USDA’s Food Buying Guide explains its purpose and use, including food components, at About the Food Buying Guide.

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Juicer Machine 800W Centrifugal Juicer with Wide Mouth Feed Chute
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  • To remove filter basket, please grasp the edge of the filter basket and pull up. Notice: Avoid trying to juice things with a low water content.

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