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In their reported 2025 results, China Construction Bank (CCB) was larger and reported higher net profit than Bank of China (BOC). BOC reported a lower year-end non-performing loan ratio and a larger disclosed overseas contribution to group profit. Both reported a 30% full-year payout ratio. Those differences help describe the banks, but they do not establish which stock is the better investment: valuation, share class, dividend yield and the latest interim-period performance also matter.
How CCB and BOC compare on reported 2025 results
The figures below come from each bank’s own published reporting. They are not independently harmonized, and differences in accounting presentation, group structure and segment definitions can affect comparisons.
| Measure | China Construction Bank | Bank of China |
|---|---|---|
| Group assets at 2025 year-end | RMB45.63 trillion, reported by CCB in its 2025 operating results release | Above RMB38 trillion, reported by BOC in its 2025 annual-report chairman’s message |
| Net profit for 2025 | RMB339.79 billion, reported by CCB | RMB257.9 billion, reported by BOC |
| Non-performing loan (NPL) ratio at 2025 year-end | 1.31%, reported by CCB | 1.23%, reported by BOC |
| Provision coverage ratio at 2025 year-end | 233.15%, reported by CCB | not stated in the cited BOC chairman’s message |
| Return on equity (ROE) | 10.04% average ROE for 2025, reported by CCB | not stated in the cited BOC chairman’s message |
| Capital adequacy | 19.69% capital adequacy ratio and 14.63% core Tier 1 capital adequacy ratio, reported by CCB | not stated in the cited BOC chairman’s message |
| Full-year cash payout ratio | 30%, reported by CCB for 2025 | 30%, reported by BOC for 2025 |
CCB reported the larger balance sheet and higher net profit. These are measures of reported scale and earnings for 2025, not evidence by themselves that CCB is cheaper, safer or more profitable per share.
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Credit quality: BOC’s lower NPL ratio is only one signal
BOC reported a 1.23% NPL ratio at 2025 year-end, compared with CCB’s 1.31%. On this headline measure, BOC’s reported ratio was lower. It does not prove that BOC had lower overall credit risk: loan mix, collateral, how problem loans are recognized and provisions against losses all affect the picture.
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CCB also reported a 233.15% provision coverage ratio. That adds useful context for CCB’s reported NPLs, but it is not a complete comparison without a corresponding, consistently defined BOC figure and a closer look at both banks’ portfolios and reporting.
For a fuller assessment, investors should examine the banks’ annual and interim financial statements for changes in overdue and restructured loans, loan concentration, provisioning and credit costs, while checking whether definitions are comparable.
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Capital, profitability and dividends
CCB reported average ROE of 10.04% for 2025, a capital adequacy ratio of 19.69% and a core Tier 1 capital adequacy ratio of 14.63%. The cited BOC chairman’s message does not provide comparable values for those measures, so these figures alone do not support a capital or profitability ranking.
Both banks reported a 30% full-year cash payout ratio for 2025. CCB reported a cash dividend of RMB3.887 per 10 shares; BOC reported RMB2.263 per 10 shares. These per-share amounts are not a like-for-like measure of investor return without accounting for the relevant share class, market price, tax and currency conventions. A payout ratio is the proportion of earnings distributed, not a dividend yield. Yield depends on the dividend and the current market price of the relevant listed share, and a past payout ratio does not promise a future dividend.
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Business mix and international operations
CCB reported net loans of RMB26.93 trillion and highlighted lending in domestic housing, corporate, manufacturing and strategic-industry areas. BOC emphasized its global banking footprint and foreign-exchange and cross-border services. These disclosures point to strategic differences; they do not establish which bank will grow faster or earn better returns.
BOC said overseas commercial and comprehensive operating companies contributed 27.99% of group profit in 2025. CCB reported RMB21.488 billion in combined net profit from overseas commercial banking institutions and comprehensive operating subsidiaries, up 19.65%, and cited RMB6.50 trillion in cross-border settlements. The banks disclose different measures, so their overseas businesses cannot be ranked directly from these figures. They do show that international activity is material to both, with BOC making its overseas profit share particularly visible.
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What these results can—and cannot—tell an investor
The 2025 disclosures establish a useful starting comparison: CCB reported greater scale and net profit, BOC reported the lower NPL ratio, and each reported a 30% payout ratio. They do not answer which listed shares offer better value. That requires comparing current prices and valuation measures for the relevant share classes, and reviewing the newest financial statements for changes in earnings, asset quality, capital and dividends.
CCB’s investor-relations page listed its 2026 half-year report on August 28, 2026, and BOC’s investor-relations page listed 2026 interim reports. Because the figures summarized here are from 2025 reports, they do not reflect those interim periods. Investors should consult the actual interim statements before treating this as a current performance comparison.
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Both banks are exposed to the Chinese credit cycle, interest-rate and margin pressure, regulatory and policy priorities, and state-directed capital allocation. The cited disclosures do not establish the current direction or relative magnitude of those risks, so they should be assessed from updated filings rather than assumed from the comparison.
Quick Recap
Primary sources
- CCB 2025 operating results release, published March 27, 2026
- BOC 2025 annual-report chairman’s message, published March 31, 2026
- CCB investor-relations page listing the 2026 half-year report
- BOC investor-relations page listing 2026 interim reports
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