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1Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problemsTo schedule SQL work in MySQL, create an event with CREATE EVENT, define when it runs with ON SCHEDULE, and specify its action with DO. Use AT for a one-time run and EVERY for recurring work. The server’s Event Scheduler must be enabled, and the event’s definer must have the permissions needed to perform the action. The examples below follow the MySQL 8.4 Reference Manual; check your version and hosting provider for differences.
What a MySQL event does
A MySQL event is a database object that runs SQL according to a time schedule. It is different from a table trigger: a trigger responds to a table operation, while an event runs because its scheduled time arrives. MySQL supports both one-time and recurring events. See the MySQL Event Scheduler overview.
Create a one-time event
Use AT to schedule a single execution. This example schedules an update one hour after the statement is created:
CREATE EVENT myevent
ON SCHEDULE AT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 1 HOUR
DO
UPDATE myschema.mytable
SET mycol = mycol + 1;Replace the schema, table, and column names with objects in your database. A past scheduled time may cause the event to be dropped immediately under the default completion behavior; use a future time when creating a one-time event.
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Create a recurring event
Use EVERY followed by an interval. Add STARTS to delay the first run or ENDS to set a cutoff. Without an end time, the schedule continues until the event is disabled or dropped.
CREATE EVENT cleanup_expired_sessions
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY
STARTS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 1 DAY
DO
DELETE FROM app.sessions
WHERE expires_at < CURRENT_TIMESTAMP;This example assumes that app.sessions exists and that the event’s definer is allowed to delete from it. For multiple statements, MySQL allows a compound BEGIN ... END event body, subject to stored-program restrictions.
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Choose the schedule and completion behavior
| Need | Use | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| Run once | AT |
Schedules a single execution at the specified time. |
| Repeat at an interval | EVERY |
Schedules recurring executions; the schedule continues unless it has an end time or is disabled or dropped. |
| Delay the first recurring run | STARTS |
Sets when the recurring schedule begins. |
| Stop recurring runs after a time | ENDS |
Sets when the schedule ends. |
| Retain a completed one-time event | ON COMPLETION PRESERVE |
Keeps the event after its schedule expires; a one-time event normally disappears after execution. |
For recurring work, consider how long the action takes relative to its interval. If one run has not finished when the next scheduled time arrives, MySQL may run overlapping instances. If simultaneous execution would be unsafe, add an appropriate concurrency-control mechanism, such as GET_LOCK() or row or table locking.
Enable the Event Scheduler
Creating an event does not make it run while the server’s Event Scheduler is disabled. Check its state with:
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SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'event_scheduler';Changing the global event_scheduler variable requires sufficient system-variable privileges. On a managed database, the provider may control whether or how you can enable it; use the method permitted by your server or hosting environment. The MySQL Event Scheduler configuration documentation describes the server setting.
Check privileges and the event definer
The account creating an event needs the EVENT privilege on the target schema. When the scheduled action executes, MySQL uses the event’s definer for its permissions. As a result, event creation can succeed even though the scheduled SQL later fails if the definer lacks the required access.
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- Give the definer only the data privileges required by the event body.
- Review the definer if accounts change or are removed.
- Do not assume that revoking the creator’s
EVENTprivilege removes or disables events that account already created.
See the MySQL event privileges documentation for privilege requirements.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Account for the creating session’s time zone
MySQL interprets schedule timestamps using the creating session’s time_zone; that becomes the event time zone for scheduling and execution. When an exact run time matters, note the session time zone used when the event was created. The CREATE EVENT documentation explains schedule and time-zone behavior.
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Inspect an event and troubleshoot missed runs
List events in a schema with:
SHOW EVENTS FROM app;For more detail, query the event metadata:
SELECT EVENT_SCHEMA, EVENT_NAME, DEFINER, STATUS,
EVENT_TYPE, TIME_ZONE, STARTS, ENDS, LAST_EXECUTED
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.EVENTS
WHERE EVENT_SCHEMA = 'app';The EVENTS table reports identity, definer, status, schedule type, time zone, timing, and last execution information. MySQL documents its fields in INFORMATION_SCHEMA.EVENTS and documents SHOW EVENTS in SHOW EVENTS.
If an event did not run when expected, check these points:
- It exists in the intended schema and its status is enabled.
- The Event Scheduler is on.
- The schedule is still in effect and the next run is in the future.
- The event definer has the privileges required by the SQL body.
- The creating session’s time zone matches the time assumed for the schedule.
- A prior execution is not still running and overlapping with the next scheduled instance.
These details are documented for MySQL 8.4. Older MySQL releases and managed database services may differ in defaults, privileges, scheduler support, or administrative controls, so verify the behavior for your specific deployment.
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