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Choose the simplest routing mechanism that fits
Most route behavior belongs in the route configuration: define paths, order them carefully, and add redirects or guards where needed. Reach for a custom strategy only when there is a concrete gap. Angular’s customizing route behavior guide advises: “Before implementing custom strategies, ensure the default router behavior doesn’t meet your needs.”
| Requirement | Use | Important consideration |
|---|---|---|
| Static paths, parameters, child routes, or a catch-all | path in route configuration |
Angular uses first-match-wins ordering; place specific routes before broad or wildcard routes. |
| Redirect only when the complete path matches | pathMatch: 'full' |
Prefix matching is the default. An empty-path redirect usually needs full matching. |
| Match URL structure that ordinary path notation cannot express | UrlMatcher |
It cannot be combined with path or pathMatch on the same route. |
| Choose between alternative routes based on runtime conditions | CanMatch |
Returning false allows Angular to try another matching route. |
| Retain component state when navigating away and back | RouteReuseStrategy |
Detached route handles retain component instances and views; plan cache limits and cleanup. |
| Let Angular handle only part of a shared URL space | UrlHandlingStrategy |
Define which URLs Angular processes and how its URL portion is extracted and merged. |
| Apply a consistent convention to document titles | Route title values or TitleStrategy |
A custom strategy can compose titles with an application prefix or breadcrumb convention. |
These options and trade-offs are described in Angular’s customization guide, route-definition guide, and Route API.
Configure ordinary routes and matching order
Use path for regular URL patterns, including static segments, parameters, and wildcards. Route order is not cosmetic: Angular checks definitions in sequence and uses the first match. Put a specific path before a broader route that could also match it, and keep a wildcard fallback after routes intended to handle particular URLs. See Angular’s route-definition guidance and the Route API.
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For the usual case, adjusting the route list is safer and easier to understand than writing a custom matcher. A matcher is appropriate only when the URL structure cannot be represented with the standard path options.
Control redirect matching
Redirects use prefix matching by default: a matching prefix can match a URL with additional segments. Set pathMatch: 'full' when the redirect should apply only to the entire path. This is especially important for an empty-path redirect, because an empty prefix could otherwise match every URL and cause a redirect loop.
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Redirect targets may be strings or functions. A redirect function runs during matching and has access to the snapshot data available at that phase. Do not base its decision on later-stage information, such as resolved titles or lazy-loaded components, which is not accurately known yet. Angular documents these semantics in its redirecting routes guide and Route API.
Use UrlMatcher for patterns beyond path notation
A UrlMatcher receives URL segments and returns either a match result or null. Returning null leaves the URL available for other routes to try. A successful result identifies the segments consumed and can supply positional parameters that become route parameters.
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Use this when a URL has a structured pattern that ordinary path notation cannot express. Keep the matcher narrow and readable, and do not put path or pathMatch on the same route. Angular provides examples in Creating custom route matches and defines the matcher contract in the UrlMatcher API.
Use CanMatch when a rejected route should fall through
CanMatch can make route eligibility conditional at matching time. Its distinctive behavior is that returning false does not necessarily end navigation as a blocked attempt: Angular can continue and try another matching route. That makes it useful when alternatives should be considered, rather than when the desired result is simply to deny access. For access control guidance, see Control route access with guards.
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Preserve route state with a reuse strategy
A custom RouteReuseStrategy can detach and retain a route so its component state survives navigation away and back. A detached handle retains component instances and their view hierarchy, so retaining routes also retains memory. Set deliberate cache bounds or expiry rather than keeping every visited view indefinitely.
When the strategy discards a detached handle, cleanup matters: Angular documents destroyDetachedRouteHandle for destroying retained route resources. See the customizing route behavior guide for route reuse details.
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Share URL space with another routing system
A custom UrlHandlingStrategy is useful when Angular owns only part of an application’s URLs—for example, during an incremental migration or alongside a legacy router. The strategy controls whether Angular processes a URL and how Angular’s portion is extracted and merged. This is a boundary-setting mechanism, not a general-purpose replacement for route definitions; its extraction and merge behavior must agree with the other system’s URL handling. Angular describes this use in the customization guide.
Configure router-wide navigation defaults selectively
For settings that affect router behavior globally, Angular exposes withRouterConfig and RouterModule.forRoot. Options include canceled-navigation resolution, same-URL navigation, URL update timing, and default query-parameter handling. The documented defaults include ignoring same-URL navigation, deferred URL updates, and replacing query parameters when no handling option is specified. Change a default to satisfy a defined navigation requirement, rather than altering router-wide behavior speculatively. The available settings are covered in the customization guide.
Set route-driven page titles
A route can declare a static title or use a resolver; Angular updates the document title when the route activates. Use a custom TitleStrategy when titles need a consistent composition rule, such as an application prefix or breadcrumb convention. Appropriate page titles also support accessibility. See Define routes and the Route API.
Verify the behavior at the router boundary
- Check that a more specific route appears before any broad or wildcard route it could match.
- For redirects, decide whether prefix matching is intended; use full matching when only the entire path should redirect, especially for an empty path.
- For a custom matcher, confirm that a non-match returns
nulland leaves alternative routes eligible. - For
CanMatch, account for the fact that false can lead to another route being tried. - For route reuse, decide which handles are retained, how long they remain, and how discarded handles are destroyed.
- For shared URL handling, check that Angular’s extracted and merged URL portion fits the other router’s ownership of the URL space.
Angular’s router normally activates route components in outlets and supports in-place navigation; the routing overview explains the basic routing model.
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