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One free scan finds every outdated or missing driver and matches the right update for your exact hardware.Free scan · exact hardware matchTo create an instance that needs no setup, you can omit __init__ or define it explicitly with def __init__(self): pass. In either case, create the object by calling the class, such as Example().
Two ways to make a class with no initialization work
Omit __init__ when the class needs no setup
If there is nothing to initialize, a class can leave out __init__ entirely:
class Marker:
pass
marker = Marker()Calling Marker() creates an instance using Python’s inherited construction behavior. For a simple class that needs no per-instance setup, this is often clearer than keeping an empty method. The Python 3.14.8 classes tutorial describes instantiation as creating an empty object.
Write an explicit empty initializer when you want the hook visible
An empty initializer is also valid:
class Marker:
def __init__(self):
pass
marker = Marker()pass is simply a statement that does nothing, allowing the method body to be syntactically complete. This form can be useful in a teaching example or when you intend to add setup later. Both versions allow Marker(); neither gives the instance application-specific attributes.
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Why does an empty __init__ need self?
__init__ is an instance method. Python supplies the new instance as its first argument, conventionally named self, when it invokes the method. You do not pass self when calling the class: write Marker(), not Marker(self).
Even though the method has no other inputs, its definition must accept that instance. Writing def __init__(): without self causes an argument-count error when Python calls it for a new instance. The Python data model reference explains how instance methods receive their instance.
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What an empty initializer does—and does not—set up
An empty initializer does not create fields such as name or pages. Accessing an attribute before it has been assigned raises AttributeError. If an object needs state, initialize it explicitly:
class Notebook:
def __init__(self):
self.pages = []
first = Notebook()
second = Notebook()
first.pages.append("Notes")
print(first.pages) # ['Notes']
print(second.pages) # []Because self.pages is assigned separately for each instance, each notebook has its own list. By contrast, a list assigned at class scope is shared by instances, which is usually wrong for mutable per-instance state.
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Can an empty initializer accept arguments?
Only if its signature permits them. A method defined as def __init__(self): accepts no caller-supplied arguments, so Marker("value") raises TypeError. If an argument is optional, give it a default:
class User:
def __init__(self, name="Guest"):
self.name = name
user = User()
print(user.name) # GuestClass-call arguments are passed through the construction process to the initializer. A default lets callers omit the name while still ensuring the instance has a useful value.
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__init__ initializes; __new__ creates
Python’s construction process separates object creation from initialization. __new__ creates an instance; when it returns an instance of the requested class, Python calls that instance’s __init__ to initialize it. Ordinary classes rarely need a custom __new__, so an empty initializer is not a reason to override it.
Do not return the instance from __init__. It should return None; returning any other value causes TypeError, as specified in the language reference. Normally, create objects by calling the class, such as Marker(), rather than calling obj.__init__() directly.
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What changes when a subclass defines its own initializer?
A subclass that defines __init__ does not automatically run the base class’s initializer. If the base class performs setup the subclass needs, call it explicitly with super().__init__():
class Base:
def __init__(self):
self.ready = True
class Child(Base):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.label = "child"If the base initializer is empty, calling it performs no setup; whether to include the call depends on the base class’s contract.
Which form should you choose?
| Choice | Best fit | What it means |
|---|---|---|
Omit __init__ |
The class has no per-instance setup to perform. | Python uses inherited construction behavior; the class stays concise. |
Define def __init__(self): pass |
You want the initialization hook to be explicit, such as in a lesson or a scaffold for imminent setup. | The method runs but assigns no custom instance attributes. |
| Define an initializer that assigns attributes | Instances need state, defaults, or other setup. | Each instance receives the values the initializer assigns. |
There is no universal advantage to an explicit no-op method. Choose based on whether it communicates something useful or the class actually needs initialization.
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