No. An ECC-to-S/4HANA conversion or modernization program does not automatically require rewriting every SAP custom object. SAP’s migration checks identify compatibility issues and adaptation needs; usage analysis can help identify code that may no longer be needed. Neither signal, on its own, determines whether an object should be rewritten. Decide object by object, using business value, actual use, dependencies, target-release findings, deployment constraints, and the cost and risk of each option.
Migration adaptation and modernization are different decisions
A conversion may require changes to custom code so it remains compatible with the target release. That is a technical adaptation decision. Modernization is broader: it asks whether the business need still exists and, if it does, whether to keep the implementation as-is, improve it, replace it with standard SAP capability, or move the extension behind a supported interface.
SAP’s Custom Code Migration documentation describes checks for migration and the use of collected usage data to identify unused code. SAP’s S/4HANA conversion guidance points to the Simplification Database and static code checks for adaptation transparency. These findings help scope work; they do not establish that a rewrite is the right business outcome.
Keep conversion-required corrections separate from optional clean-core work. A code finding may require action for a particular source and target release, while a clean-core improvement may be valuable without being a conversion prerequisite. Check the documentation, relevant SAP Notes, and API availability for the actual product edition and release in scope.
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Build an evidence-based decision for each object
Start with an inventory rather than a rewrite mandate. Record the object’s owner, business process, dependencies, interfaces, enhancements or modifications, scheduled jobs, and relevant controls. If ownership or purpose is unknown, treat that uncertainty as a governance risk: lack of an owner is not proof that the object is safe to remove.
Check use, including less-visible execution
Use production usage data where available, but choose an observation period that captures the business cycles relevant to the object. A rarely run year-end process, for example, may be critical despite little activity during ordinary months. Check indirect callers, batch and background execution, interfaces, and disaster-recovery processes as well as direct interactive use. SAP documents usage-based analysis; it does not prescribe one universal observation period that proves an object is unused.
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Analyze the actual target
Run SAP’s migration checks, relevant ATC checks, and Simplification Database analysis for the source and target product and release. Record the finding, severity, affected dependencies, whether a supported automated correction is available, and whether action is required for conversion or addresses a broader quality concern. SAP’s Custom Code Analysis documentation describes filtering results by usage and scope and notes release-specific changes to the analysis and migration apps. Confirm the deployed product and release before relying on a particular interface or tile name.
Validate the business need
Ask the process owner whether the object still supports a needed process, control, or material business distinction. Test whether standard SAP now covers the requirement adequately; do not assume that it does based on a feature name alone. Use process evidence and fit-to-standard testing, not code age or a static-check result, to establish the business case.
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Choose among six dispositions, not just “keep” or “rewrite”
| Disposition | Use it when | What to establish |
|---|---|---|
| Retire | No current business need remains. | Usage evidence is representative, dependencies and indirect execution paths are understood, and business scenarios still work after removal. |
| Adapt | The behavior is still needed, but target-release changes make corrections necessary. | Which findings are conversion-relevant, how they affect callers or dependencies, and how the corrected behavior will be tested. |
| Retain and govern | The value is real and the object’s exposure is acceptable for the deployment. | A named owner, adequate tests, documented purpose, and checks at relevant upgrade milestones. |
| Refactor or modernize | The behavior remains valuable, but maintainability, quality, or architecture should improve. | A staged plan that preserves required behavior while addressing selected technical debt and validating each change. |
| Replace with standard SAP | Fit-to-standard testing confirms standard capability meets the process need. | Functional fit, controls, integrations, and any process changes required for adoption. |
| Decouple or rebuild as an extension | The need remains and an extension model with supported interfaces fits the required deployment and degree of coupling. | Relevant released APIs, feature coverage, operational fit, and a migration path for the extension. |
These options can be staged. For example, adapt code needed for conversion, then refactor or decouple it later when an appropriate interface is available. SAP’s Extensibility Guide for RISE with SAP, dated December 2024, recommends retiring unneeded objects, refactoring valuable legacy code, and decoupling extensions with APIs where possible.
Prioritize by consequence, not by object count
A useful prioritization rubric combines business and technical evidence. It is a practical synthesis, not an official SAP score or set of prescribed weights. Assess each object against:
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- Business criticality: the process, control, or differentiation affected if the object fails or is removed.
- Use confidence: how representative the usage observation is, including seasonal processes and indirect execution.
- Migration incompatibility: the target-specific findings, their severity, and whether they block required behavior or conversion.
- Upgrade and architecture exposure: dependence on interfaces or implementation details that create risk for the relevant deployment.
- Security, data, and operational impact: sensitive data access, control implications, and effects on integrations or recovery.
- Dependency complexity: how many callers, jobs, interfaces, or connected processes need analysis and testing.
- Alternatives and effort: availability of suitable standard capability or released APIs, plus implementation and lifecycle cost.
- Testability and rollback: whether the proposed change can be validated safely and reversed if necessary.
Rank work by expected consequence and urgency, not by raw object totals or ATC finding counts. A high-risk incompatibility in a critical process may need immediate attention; a low-use object with uncertain ownership may first need investigation rather than deletion. SAP’s clean-core levels describe architecture and upgrade-stability signals, not business value rankings.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Account for deployment and API constraints
Clean-core alignment is a useful modernization goal, but the feasible target depends on the deployment, available APIs, and business requirement. SAP notes that private-cloud and on-premise environments may depend on classic ABAP and that public APIs may not cover the full feature scope. Where a cloud-ready replacement is not yet feasible, a staged plan and supported classic patterns can be more responsible than an unsupported rewrite or an extension that cannot meet the requirement.
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SAP’s August 12, 2025 explanation of clean-core levels describes levels A through D in relation to released interfaces, classic APIs, internal SAP objects, and disrecommended techniques. Use these levels to understand architecture and upgrade exposure, not as a substitute for a business case or as a direct measure of an object’s value. See SAP’s clean-core guidance and its documentation on clean-core extensibility and ABAP-based extensions.
Prove changes and prevent the same debt from returning
For removals
Confirm that dependencies and indirect execution paths have been addressed, then test the business scenarios the object supported. Do not treat a quiet usage window as sufficient proof on its own.
For retained or changed code
Test critical workflows and repeat relevant checks against the target release. SAP’s learning material describes iterative functional adaptation and ATC checks, including using quick fixes where appropriate rather than applying all fixes indiscriminately. For performance work, its guidance describes combining static checks with SQL Monitor runtime and performance data to identify hot spots; this supports focusing tuning effort where evidence shows it is needed.
For future changes
Assign ownership, record the extension’s purpose and interfaces, include appropriate checks in development and release workflows, and revisit usage and architecture at upgrade milestones. This turns modernization into ongoing governance instead of a one-time rewrite campaign.
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How to interpret SAP’s 70% observation
SAP’s December 2024 Extensibility Guide reports that “some customers” found 70% of their custom objects were no longer needed. This is SAP’s reported observation about some customers, not a representative cross-customer benchmark or a prediction that 70% of any particular organization’s objects can be deleted. Treat it as a reason to investigate usage and business purpose—not as a deletion target.
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