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Use a fixed-point format specifier inside the f-string: f"{value:.2f}" displays two digits after the decimal point. Change 2 to the number of places you need. For example, f"{12.5:.2f}" produces 12.50, including the trailing zero.

Use .nf for a fixed number of decimal places

The general pattern is f"{number:.nf}", where n is the number of digits to display after the decimal point. The f selects fixed-point formatting, and the precision after the dot sets the number of fractional digits.

number = 7.1

print(f"{number:.0f}")  # 7
print(f"{number:.2f}")  # 7.10
print(f"{number:.4f}")  # 7.1000

A precision of zero displays no digits after the decimal point. Fixed-point formatting also adds trailing zeroes when needed, which is useful for prices, aligned reports, and other output where every value should show the same number of places. The Python tutorial demonstrates the same syntax with math.pi and .3f, producing 3.142 (Python tutorial: Input and Output).

Set the number of places dynamically

If the desired precision is stored in a variable, put that variable in a nested replacement field in the format specification:

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value = 12.34567
places = 3

formatted = f"{value:.{places}f}"
print(formatted)  # 12.346

The nested field supplies the precision at runtime; f still requests fixed-point output. PEP 498 documents expressions in format specifications, including dynamic precision (PEP 498 – Literal String Interpolation).

Choose decimal places or significant digits

Use f when the requirement is a fixed count of digits after the decimal point. Use g when precision means significant digits; that format may switch between fixed and scientific notation depending on the value and precision.

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Specifier What precision counts Example for 1234.567
.2f Digits after the decimal point 1234.57
.2g Significant digits 1.2e+03

The Python format-specification reference defines precision this way for f/F and g/G (Python string format specification). For a set number of decimal places, choose f, not g.

Formatting changes the display, not the stored number

An f-string produces text. It does not replace or round the original variable in place:

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value = 7.126
text = f"{value:.2f}"

print(text)   # 7.13
print(value)  # 7.126

The displayed value is rounded to the requested precision; Python’s built-in type documentation says floating-point fixed-point formatting uses the rounding mode that matches the round() built-in (Python built-in types documentation). If later calculations need a rounded numeric value, perform that operation explicitly rather than relying on a formatted string.

There is a further distinction for decimal-sensitive work: binary floating-point numbers can be approximations of decimal fractions. Seeing two digits in the output does not prove the stored value is exact to two decimal places. For financial calculations, select a numeric representation and rounding policy appropriate to the calculation; formatting controls only how the final value is displayed. A Decimal value can use the same f-string format-specification mechanism, as shown in PEP 498.

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Display a percentage without confusing formatting and scaling

Decide whether your number is already expressed as percentage points or is a fraction before adding a percent sign. For example, if rate is 0.125 and you want 12.50%, multiply by 100 and append the sign:

rate = 0.125
print(f"{rate * 100:.2f}%")  # 12.50%

Alternatively, the percent presentation type scales the value by 100 as part of formatting. Use that behavior deliberately; formatting a fraction as though it were already percentage points can produce a misleading result. The Python tutorial illustrates multiplying a percentage value by 100 before displaying it to two decimal places (Python tutorial: Input and Output).

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