The Tool Desk
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Which versions support dotnet-ef.json?
Microsoft documents configuration-file support as introduced in EF Core 11. Do not expect this file to supply defaults when using an older EF Core tools version. See the EF Core tools reference for the .NET CLI.
Where should the file go?
Create .config/dotnet-ef.json in your repository. When you run dotnet ef, the tool searches upward from the current working directory and uses the first matching configuration file. A file at the repository root can therefore provide defaults to commands run from subdirectories beneath it. If there are multiple matching files on that upward path, the nearest one is used.
What can you configure?
All properties are optional. The first six listed here take string values; the final three take Boolean values.
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| Property | Type | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
project |
String | Target project for the command. |
startupProject |
String | Project built and run at design time. |
framework |
String | Target framework. |
configuration |
String | Build configuration. |
context |
String | Database context to use. |
runtime |
String | Target runtime identifier. |
verbose |
Boolean | Whether to enable verbose output. |
noColor |
Boolean | Whether to disable colored output. |
prefixOutput |
Boolean | Whether to prefix output. |
Relative paths in project and startupProject are resolved from the parent directory of the .config directory containing the file. For a repository-root .config/dotnet-ef.json, that means paths are relative to the repository root.
Example repository configuration
This example follows the property names and shape in Microsoft’s reference. Replace the illustrative paths and values with those for your solution; remove any defaults you do not need.
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{
"project": "src/App.Infrastructure",
"startupProject": "src/App.Api",
"framework": "net11.0",
"configuration": "Debug",
"context": "AppDbContext",
"runtime": "win-x64",
"verbose": true,
"noColor": false,
"prefixOutput": false
}Why set both project and startupProject?
They cover different roles, especially in a multi-project solution. The project is the target that receives the command’s changes. The startupProject is built and run at design time. For example, a migration may be added to an infrastructure project while the API project provides the startup environment needed by the tools. Set both when those roles belong to separate projects; otherwise, configure only the defaults that fit your repository.
Override a default for one command
Pass an option on the command line when a particular invocation needs a different value. Microsoft states in its EF Core tools reference that “Explicit command-line options always take precedence over values from the configuration file.” The file can hold stable team defaults, while an explicit option makes an exception for that run.
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For example, if the file sets context to AppDbContext, a command with --context AnotherDbContext uses AnotherDbContext for that invocation. The configured value remains the repository default for commands that do not specify a different context.
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