The Tool Desk
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What Umami does—and what self-hosting means
Umami describes itself as an open-source, privacy-first alternative to Google Analytics. Its overview lists features including custom events, dashboards, insights, session replay, performance monitoring, teams, and API access. These are product descriptions from Umami, not independent comparisons with other analytics tools. See Umami’s product overview.
Umami’s FAQ says its tracker collects page views, referrer URLs, browser, operating system, device type, and country of origin. It also says the tracker does not use cookies, anonymizes data, and does not track users across websites. Those statements describe Umami’s documented behavior; they are not a blanket legal-compliance guarantee. Your obligations can depend on your configuration, jurisdiction, and how you use the collected information. See the Umami FAQ.
Choose where the application and database will run
Umami documents three broad layouts. The app and database can share a server, run on separate machines, or use an app-hosting provider connected to a database hosted elsewhere. The documentation names Vercel, Netlify, Render, Northflank, and Railway as app-hosting examples, as well as multiple managed database providers. These examples do not establish current plan availability, comparative performance, or a universally best provider. See the Umami hosting guide.
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| Layout | Database administration | What to consider |
|---|---|---|
| App and database on one server | You operate PostgreSQL on the same server. | Fewer separate components, but you are responsible for both services and their upkeep. |
| App and database on separate machines | You operate a remotely accessible PostgreSQL database. | Separate hosts allow distinct placement of the app and database, while adding network and database-access configuration. |
| Hosted app and separate database | The database may be self-managed or provided by a database host. | Can reduce some app-host administration; the app still needs a working database connection, and responsibilities vary by provider. |
Umami requires PostgreSQL. For source installation, its installation page specifies PostgreSQL 12.14 or newer and Node.js 18.18 or newer. The page recommends setting PostgreSQL to UTC to avoid regional-offset issues in timestamps. Requirements and image tags can change, so check the current official installation page before deploying.
Pick an installation route
Docker Compose: app and PostgreSQL together
The documented Docker Compose setup includes both the Umami application and a PostgreSQL database. It launches the app at http://localhost:3000. This is a straightforward way to get both services running together, but an internet-facing deployment still needs appropriate server security, persistent database storage, and ongoing maintenance.
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The Compose guide documents initial credentials as admin / umami. Change the password immediately after first login; do not keep those default credentials on a publicly accessible installation. Follow the current Compose instructions on the installation page, rather than relying on a copied configuration that may become outdated.
Prebuilt Docker image: provide your own database
The installation page gives docker.umami.is/umami-software/umami:postgresql-latest as an image example. With this route, you must supply PostgreSQL and configure the app’s DATABASE_URL connection. Confirm the current image name, tag, and configuration requirements in Umami’s documentation before using them; image tags and requirements may change.
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Install from source
The source route requires Node.js 18.18 or newer and PostgreSQL 12.14 or newer, with PostgreSQL set to UTC recommended. Configure DATABASE_URL, build the application, and start it; the documented default listening port is 3000. Umami says the initial build creates the database tables and an admin login. Use the current source installation instructions for the exact commands and configuration.
Kubernetes
Umami’s installation page also points to a Kubernetes guide maintained by the third-party HelmForge project. This is a separate deployment path from Umami’s own source and Docker instructions; consult the current installation page for that guide and its maintenance details.
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Add Umami to your website
- Make sure the Umami service is running. Open its dashboard and add or select the website you want to measure.
- Copy the website’s tracking code. Umami’s collect-data guide says to get it from the website settings.
- Place the code in the site’s
<head>section. Deploy the change to the site. - Visit the site and check the Umami dashboard. Umami says data should appear after a visit. For a single-page application, its documentation says page navigations are tracked automatically. Next.js users should insert the script with
next/script.
For the documented settings and framework note, see Umami’s collect-data guide.
Troubleshoot visits that do not appear
- Check whether the script loads. Open browser developer tools, select the Network tab, and look for the tracker script. Confirm it loads without errors.
- Check for blocking. Ad blockers may block the tracker. Test with blockers disabled to see whether that changes collection.
- Check the website installation. Confirm you used the tracking code for the correct website and put it in the page’s
<head>. For Next.js, usenext/scriptas Umami advises. - Consider a first-party tracker or collection endpoint. Umami documents proxying the tracker script through your site’s server and configuring tracker and collection endpoint names for self-hosted instances. These are troubleshooting options, not a guarantee that every blocker will be bypassed. See Umami’s ad-blocker guidance.
Plan for retention, security, and updates
Set a data-retention policy
Umami’s FAQ says self-hosted analytics data is retained indefinitely unless the operator manually deletes it. Decide how long to keep data and how to delete it before treating retention as an automatic feature; the documented default is no automatic expiry. See the FAQ.
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Secure and maintain the deployment
Change the initial password promptly and maintain the server, database, and Umami upgrade process. Depending on your deployment layout, you may also need to manage database availability and remote access. Umami documents both self-managed and separate database arrangements, but does not require a particular paid host, physical server model, or provider.
Apply updates and refresh query statistics when needed
Umami’s update guide describes pulling source updates or a new Docker image, then rebuilding and restarting the app or restarting containers, depending on the installation method. It also advises running ANALYZE; after major upgrades such as a move to v3, because schema migrations can leave PostgreSQL query-planner statistics stale. The guide especially calls this out for large instances where dashboard queries may slow down; it is maintenance guidance, not a performance guarantee. Follow the current Umami update instructions.
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