To show AngularJS form errors with ngMessages, add the ngMessages module to your app, bind an ng-messages container to a control’s $error object, and add ng-message entries whose names match the control’s validation errors. By default, the first matching message in the template is shown. This is maintenance guidance for existing AngularJS applications: official AngularJS support ended in January 2022.
Set up ngMessages
Include the ngMessages module in your AngularJS application’s dependency list. The directive displays validation state produced by ngModel; it does not create validation rules itself. Validators update the control’s $error object, and ngMessages uses its keys to select the messages to display. See the AngularJS ngMessages API and ngModel API.
angular.module('app', ['ngMessages']);Here is an illustrative form pattern based on the official API example:
<form name="myForm" ng-submit="submit()">
<label for="name">Name</label>
<input id="name" name="name" type="text" ng-model="vm.name"
ng-required="true" ng-minlength="5" ng-maxlength="20">
<div ng-messages="myForm.name.$error" role="alert">
<div ng-message="required">Enter your name.</div>
<div ng-message="minlength">Use at least 5 characters.</div>
<div ng-message="maxlength">Use no more than 20 characters.</div>
<div ng-message-default>There is a problem with this field.</div>
</div>
<button type="submit">Continue</button>
</form>Match message names to validation keys
The value in each ng-message must match an error key on the control. For example, AngularJS’s required validator sets the required key, while ng-minlength and ng-maxlength use minlength and maxlength. A mismatch means the intended message will not match that error.
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Choose message priority and timing
Show one prioritized error
The default behavior displays one matching message at a time. The first matching message in template order takes priority, so put the error you want users to address first higher in the message list. A ng-message-default entry can provide a fallback when an error has no specific message.
Show all matching errors
If users should see every active validation error together, add ng-messages-multiple to the container. This is a choice about how much feedback to show at once; it is not required for validation.
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Reveal errors after interaction or submission
Decide when errors become visible rather than showing a blank, untouched form as though it were already wrong. A common policy is to show a field’s messages after it has been touched, or after the user attempts submission. AngularJS tracks states such as $touched, $untouched, $dirty, and $pristine; use those states to control visibility in your template. This timing is an interface policy, not behavior imposed by ngMessages. See the ngModel API for control state details.
Use forms and validators correctly
Keep submission on a native form
Use a native <form> with ng-submit for form submission. ngForm is useful for grouping controls, including nested groups, but it does not replace a form’s submission behavior. Avoid attaching the same submission action to both ngClick on the button and ngSubmit on the form, which can invoke the action twice. See the ngForm and ngSubmit documentation.
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Understand the built-in rules
Common AngularJS validators include required, ng-minlength, and ng-maxlength. ngPattern adds a regular-expression validator to ngModel. The ngPattern API warns against using the regular-expression g flag: repeated validation can continue from the previous match position. It also states that ngPattern does not set the HTML pattern attribute, so that directive alone does not enable native HTML5 constraint validation through that attribute.
Make the messages accessible and reliable
The official ngMessages example uses role="alert". AngularJS’s separate ngAria module lists ngMessages among supported directives and identifies aria-live as an attribute it handles. Because custom directives or included templates can change the rendered markup, inspect the actual output and verify that message changes are announced appropriately in your application. See the ngAria API.
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Client-side messages help users correct input, but they should not be the server’s validation boundary. Validate submitted data on the server as well.
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For a message set shared by multiple controls or pages, ngMessagesInclude can load a reusable message template. The directive also supports overriding messages. Keep shared templates consistent with each control’s actual validator keys so that a reused message corresponds to an error the control can produce.
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Account for AngularJS’s legacy status
AngularJS official support ended in January 2022, according to the AngularJS version support status. Use this pattern to maintain an existing application, and evaluate the supported Angular platform when planning new development rather than treating AngularJS as a currently supported framework.
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