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What does the Round Robin router do in Mule 4?
Round Robin is a flow-control component with two or more processing routes. Each time the flow reaches it, the router executes exactly one route: first the first route, then the next, and back to the first after the last. It does not select the same route consecutively. MuleSoft documents this behavior for Mule Runtime 4.4 in its Round Robin Router reference.
The selection happens once per execution of the component. For example, if a scheduler invokes a flow repeatedly and the router has two routes, successive events take route one, route two, route one, and so on. This is alternating single-path processing—not a way to send separate items from one list payload to different routes.
How does event data move through the selected route?
The selected route can access the incoming Mule event’s payload, variables, and attributes. The route may contain one or more processors, and changes made to the event there propagate to the processor after the Round Robin component.
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Only the selected route runs for that component execution. Design each route for the work it should perform, and decide how the flow should handle errors according to the application’s requirements. MuleSoft lists MULE:ROUTING as an error type for the component.
How do you configure Round Robin in Mule 4?
Place the router in a flow and define at least two routes. Each route contains the processors for one processing path. A minimal XML shape is:
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<round-robin doc:name="Round Robin">
<route>
<!-- processors for the first path -->
</route>
<route>
<!-- processors for the second path -->
</route>
</round-robin>In a real flow, replace the comments with the processors each path needs. The router chooses among the configured routes as executions reach it; it is not configured to fan a single event out to every route.
Round Robin vs. Scatter-Gather vs. Until Successful
These components solve different problems. Compare them by how many routes or attempts run, what result moves downstream, and whether the goal is alternate processing, combined results, or retrying work.
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| Component or mechanism | What happens | Use it when |
|---|---|---|
| Round Robin router | One configured route runs per component execution; selection cycles through the routes. | Each event should take one alternating processing path. |
| Scatter-Gather router | The event goes through every configured route, which run in parallel by default; the router combines their results. It requires at least two routes. See MuleSoft’s Scatter-Gather reference. | All paths need to run and their results need to be combined. |
| Until Successful scope | Processors run in order and are retried until successful or retry exhaustion; exhaustion results in an error. See MuleSoft’s Until Successful documentation. | Processing should be retried after failure, rather than sent to an alternate route. |
| HTTP round-robin DNS | Mule HTTP Request distributes connections among IP addresses resolved for a configured host. Salesforce Help describes disabling this behavior for a host that does not manage sticky sessions; see its HTTP Request guidance. | The question concerns HTTP connections or DNS-level distribution, not routing inside a Mule flow. |
Round Robin and Scatter-Gather are both classified as flow-control routers in MuleSoft’s core-components overview, but their route execution differs: Round Robin selects one route, while Scatter-Gather runs all routes and combines their results.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Which router should you choose?
- Choose Round Robin when each execution should follow one route in a cycle.
- Choose Scatter-Gather when every route must run and the results should be combined.
- Choose Until Successful when the enclosed processing should be retried after failure.
- Check that an HTTP round-robin DNS question is not being confused with the Mule flow router; the shared name refers to a different behavior.
The component behavior described here is documented for Mule Runtime 4.4. The comparison references are versioned separately—Scatter-Gather for Runtime 4.3 and Until Successful in the Mule Runtime 4.12 documentation repository—so check the documentation for the Mule and connector versions deployed in your application before relying on version-specific operational details.
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