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To change the HTML file Nginx serves for a directory request such as /, set the index directive in the active configuration. For example, index home.html; makes home.html the index candidate. Keep index.html as a fallback with index home.html index.html;. Nginx’s documented default is index.html.

Set the index file Nginx should use

The index directive accepts one or more filenames, checked in order. It is allowed in the http, server, and location contexts. Put it in the context that handles the request you want to change.

Use one custom filename

If every relevant directory contains home.html and you do not want another candidate, configure the serving server block like this:

server {
    root /var/www/site;
    index home.html;
}

Keep a fallback filename

If Nginx should prefer home.html but use index.html when that file is unavailable, list both candidates in that order:

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server {
    root /var/www/site;
    index home.html index.html;
}

For different index behavior in particular directories, set index in the matching location instead. The documented syntax and ordering are described in the Nginx index module documentation.

Make sure the request reaches the configuration you changed

A correct directive in the wrong server block will have no effect on the request. Nginx selects a virtual server using the listening port and request Host header. If the hostname does not match a configured server name, Nginx uses that port’s default server. Check that you edited the block serving the hostname and port in question; see How nginx processes a request.

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Check the file path Nginx will use

The root directive maps a request URI to a filesystem path by appending the URI to the configured root. With root /var/www/site;, a request for /index.html maps to /var/www/site/index.html. Confirm the chosen index file exists under the path implied by the active root. The Nginx core module documentation explains root and related request handling.

Understand what happens after index selection

When Nginx selects an index file for a directory request, it performs an internal redirect. The redirected request can be processed by a different location than the original request. For example, an existing index file may still be handled by a location rule matching its URI. If the file is present but the response is unexpected, inspect the location rules for both the original directory URI and the selected index URI. This behavior is documented by the index module and the guide to request processing.

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Choose between index and try_files

Use index to choose the file Nginx uses for a request ending in a slash. Use try_files when you need to check candidate files and define what happens if none match, such as falling through to a URI, named location, or status like =404. These directives address different configuration needs; changing a directory’s default index does not by itself require try_files. See the index module documentation and core module documentation.

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