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Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesFind Drivers →Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsFree Scan →Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDriver Scan →For cooperating pages on the same origin, use the Web Locks API to let one tab hold a named exclusive lock. A second tab can check for that lock without waiting, then show a message or follow your chosen duplicate-tab policy. The lock lasts only while its request callback is still running.
Use a Web Lock to choose the active tab
Web Locks coordinates participating pages and workers that share a lock manager. Give the resource a stable name, such as my-app-single-tab, and request it in exclusive mode. The first tab to acquire it can continue; another tab using ifAvailable: true receives no lock if it is already held.
The following example keeps the successful tab’s callback pending until the application calls release(). It resolves a separate promise with the acquisition result from inside the callback, rather than assuming that a microtask is enough to determine whether the lock was granted.
async function claimSingleTab(onDuplicate) {
if (!navigator.locks) {
// Choose a fallback policy for browsers without Web Locks.
return { supported: false, acquired: false };
}
let releaseHold;
const hold = new Promise((resolve) => {
releaseHold = resolve;
});
let reportAcquisition;
const acquiredResult = new Promise((resolve) => {
reportAcquisition = resolve;
});
const lockRequest = navigator.locks.request(
"my-app-single-tab",
{ mode: "exclusive", ifAvailable: true },
async (lock) => {
if (!lock) {
reportAcquisition(false);
onDuplicate();
return;
}
reportAcquisition(true);
await hold; // Keep the lock while this tab owns the resource.
},
);
const acquired = await acquiredResult;
return {
supported: true,
acquired,
release: () => releaseHold(),
lockRequest,
};
}Handle a rejected lockRequest in production code, and decide what the application should do when a duplicate tab is detected. For example, onDuplicate could show a notice, redirect to another page, or close the tab if that behavior fits the product. A tab that owns the lock should call release() when it no longer needs exclusive ownership; resolving the hold promise lets the callback complete, which releases the lock.
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Choose what a duplicate tab should do
The lock answers whether a participating context acquired the named resource. Your application still needs a clear policy for a tab that did not acquire it.
- Show a notice: Explain that another tab is active and offer a way to switch or retry.
- Redirect: Send the duplicate to a page that does not perform the protected work.
- Close the tab: Use this only when it makes sense for your product; do not assume the browser will allow a page to close a tab the user opened.
Use a consistent lock name for every page that should coordinate. If two parts of an application use different names, they request different locks and will not exclude one another.
Rank #2
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Know what the lock does and does not cover
The Web Locks specification describes cases such as allowing one tab to edit or synchronize at a time, while another may take over after the primary tab closes or crashes. Coordination is limited to participating contexts in the applicable origin and storage scope. It does not enforce one-tab behavior across separate origins, browser profiles, devices, or arbitrary browser contexts.
Web Locks requires a secure context. MDN describes the API as widely available and baseline since March 2022, but code should still check for navigator.locks and define its behavior when the API is unavailable.
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Rank #3
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Use BroadcastChannel for messages, not ownership
BroadcastChannel lets cooperating contexts in the same origin and storage partition exchange messages, such as announcing that a tab became active. It does not provide exclusive acquisition or built-in ownership and consensus rules. Use it to communicate status alongside a Web Lock, not as a substitute for the lock.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Plan an explicit unsupported-browser fallback
If Web Locks is unavailable, decide whether to allow normal multi-tab use, disable the protected feature, or implement a separate coordination strategy. A simple localStorage flag should not be treated as equivalent to an exclusive lock unless the strategy also addresses simultaneous acquisition races and stale ownership. The browser API references establish Web Locks behavior; they do not certify a particular fallback algorithm.
Quick Recap
Best Value
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Rank #4
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