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Use requests.get(url) to send a GET request in Python. For a useful real-world pattern, pass query data with params, set a timeout, check the HTTP status, and then read the response in the format the server returned.
Install Requests
Install the library from a terminal with:
python -m pip install requestsThe current Requests documentation states that the library officially supports Python 3.10 and newer. Check the installation guide and Quickstart for the current support statement and version-specific details.
Make a basic GET request
Import Requests and call get() with the URL. The method returns a Response object containing the server’s reply:
import requests
response = requests.get("https://example.com")
print(response.status_code)
print(response.text)This is the minimal form. For requests that might wait on a server or network, include a timeout as shown below. The method signature and returned response are documented in the Developer Interface.
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Pass query parameters with params
Query parameters are the values after the ? in a URL. Pass them as a dictionary using params; Requests encodes them into the URL, so you do not have to concatenate and escape the query string yourself.
import requests
url = "https://api.example.com/items"
params = {"category": "books", "page": 2}
response = requests.get(url, params=params, timeout=10)
response.raise_for_status()
print(response.url)The endpoint is illustrative, not a tested service. A parameter whose dictionary value is None is omitted. If a key maps to a list of values, Requests can encode it as repeated query keys. See the Quickstart for parameter examples.
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Check the status and read the response
A decoded response body does not prove the request succeeded: a server can return valid JSON alongside an error status. Inspect status_code or call raise_for_status() before treating the result as successful.
response = requests.get("https://api.example.com/items", timeout=10)
response.raise_for_status()
items = response.json()
print(items)raise_for_status() raises HTTPError for an unsuccessful HTTP status. Use the response accessor that matches the endpoint’s content:
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| Accessor | What it returns | Use it for |
|---|---|---|
response.json() |
A Python value parsed from a JSON body | JSON APIs; parsing can fail if the body is not valid JSON, including some no-content responses |
response.text |
Decoded text | Text or markup responses |
response.content |
Response body as bytes | Binary data, such as downloaded files |
These accessors and status-handling behavior are covered in the Quickstart and API reference.
Set a timeout
Requests has no timeout by default, so a request can wait indefinitely for network activity. Add a timeout to avoid waiting without a limit:
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response = requests.get("https://api.example.com/items", timeout=10)timeout=10 is not a guaranteed ten-second cap on the complete download. It controls waiting for network activity; the advanced guide distinguishes connection and read timeouts and notes that neither is a wall-clock limit for the entire response. When you need separate values, pass a tuple:
response = requests.get(
"https://api.example.com/items",
timeout=(3.05, 27), # connect timeout, read timeout
)Choose values appropriate to your application and consult Advanced Usage for how the timeout types work.
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Handle request and response errors
Network failures, timeouts, HTTP error statuses, and invalid JSON are different failure cases. Catch the broader Requests exception family when a simple application should handle request failures in one place, and handle JSON parsing separately if the response body may not be JSON.
import requests
try:
response = requests.get(
"https://api.example.com/items",
params={"page": 2},
timeout=(3.05, 27),
)
response.raise_for_status()
items = response.json()
except requests.exceptions.Timeout:
print("The request timed out")
except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as exc:
print(f"The server returned an HTTP error: {exc}")
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as exc:
print(f"The request failed: {exc}")
except requests.exceptions.JSONDecodeError:
print("The response body was not valid JSON")Requests also documents ConnectionError and TooManyRedirects among common exceptions. GET requests follow redirects by default; set allow_redirects=False if you need to inspect the redirect response instead. The Quickstart and Developer Interface describe these behaviors and exceptions.
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