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1Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsNo—a newline does not automatically end a JavaScript statement. Automatic semicolon insertion (ASI) is a conditional rule in the ECMAScript grammar. It inserts a semicolon only in specified parsing situations, so a line break can end a statement, leave an expression continuing, or make code invalid depending on the tokens around it.
How automatic semicolon insertion works
The ECMAScript 2026 specification says, “Most ECMAScript statements and declarations must be terminated with a semicolon.” It then explains that semicolons may be omitted in certain situations through automatic insertion. ASI is therefore a parser rule, not a formatter that places a semicolon at every newline. See ECMAScript 2026, clause 12.10.
The specification describes three insertion cases:
- Before a token the grammar cannot accept: insertion can occur when that token is separated from the previous token by a line terminator, when the token is a closing brace, or in the specified case where the token follows
)and insertion terminates ado…whilestatement. - At the end of input: a semicolon can be inserted when needed for the parsed goal to be valid.
- Before a restricted token: some grammar productions forbid a line terminator at a particular position. If one occurs there, ASI inserts a semicolon before the restricted token.
These rules depend on the grammar and token sequence. A line terminator may be an ordinary newline, or one contributed by a multiline comment. A single-line comment does not itself change ASI; the line terminator after the comment is what matters.
Line breaks after restricted keywords can change meaning
Some line breaks have specific consequences because the grammar restricts where a line terminator may appear. Keep the keyword and the expression or label it introduces together.
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return: the next line is not returned
function getValue() {
return
{ answer: 42 }
}The line terminator after return ends the return statement. In this example, the brace begins a separate block, rather than an object being returned, so the function returns undefined. Put the returned expression on the same line as return to make the intent clear:
function getValue() {
return { answer: 42 }
}throw: a line break before the expression is a syntax error
throw
new Error("failure");A throw statement requires its expression without a line terminator between throw and that expression. ASI does not turn this into a valid throw statement. Write throw new Error("failure"); on one line.
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break and continue: keep a label on the same line
If a label follows break or continue, a line terminator cannot separate it from the keyword. A newline instead ends the statement without the label, which can alter control flow or make the label appear as a separate expression.
yield, arrows, and async forms
Restricted line breaks also apply to an assignment expression after yield, to arrow parameters and =>, and to tokens following async in async function and method forms. When formatting these constructs, keep the tokens on the required side of the line break; do not assume ASI repairs a split.
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Expressions can continue across a newline
A newline does not end an expression when the next token can continue parsing it. For example:
const result = first + second
(third + fourth).print()The parenthesized expression can be parsed as arguments in a call on the result of first + second. The ECMAScript specification gives the analogous case a = b + c followed by (d + e).print(): it is a continuation, not two independent statements.
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Other line starts that can continue what came before include:
(, which can start a call;[, which can start property access;- a template literal, which can be tagged;
- unary
+or-, which can be parsed as a binary operator with the preceding expression; and - a slash-starting expression, which may be parsed as division in context.
If one of these begins a new statement, terminate the preceding statement explicitly or restructure the code so the intended boundary is unambiguous. This is defensive style guidance: it does not mean every statement needs a written semicolon when ASI already applies.
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Cases where ASI will not supply a semicolon
It will not create an empty statement
ASI never inserts a semicolon if that would create an empty statement. For example, placing else on a new line does not repair a missing consequent:
if (a > b)
else c = dThis remains invalid; insertion between the if condition and else would create an empty statement.
It will not fill either required separator in a for header
A traditional for header structurally requires two semicolons. ASI will not insert one of those separators to make an incomplete header valid. For example, a line break before ) does not let for (a; b acquire its missing second separator.
Quick Recap
A practical rule for writing and reviewing JavaScript
- Do not treat a newline as a reliable statement boundary.
- Keep
return,throw,break,continue, andyieldwith the expression or label that follows when the grammar requires it. - Check whether a next line starting with
(,[, a template literal,+,-, or a slash could continue the previous expression. - Use an explicit semicolon or clear structural separation when a new statement could otherwise be read as a continuation.
- Remember that some syntax has required separators, such as the two semicolons in a traditional
forheader.
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