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Cloudflare has two distinct SQL routes: the Analytics SQL API for Cloudflare analytics and observability datasets, and the Workers Analytics Engine SQL API for custom data written by your Workers. Pick the route that matches your data, authenticate with an API token, and shape the query to that endpoint’s SQL support. Cloudflare documents a Grafana connection for Workers Analytics Engine; that recipe should not be assumed to work unchanged for every BI tool.
Choose the Cloudflare data source first
Cloudflare’s SQL API overview describes its general endpoint this way: “The SQL API lets you query Cloudflare analytics and observability datasets with SQL.” Cloudflare Analytics SQL API overview
| What you need to query | SQL route | Endpoint |
|---|---|---|
| Cloudflare product, account, or zone analytics and observability data | Analytics SQL API | https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/analytics/sql |
| Custom events or metrics written by a Worker | Workers Analytics Engine SQL API | https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/accounts/<account_id>/analytics_engine/sql |
These routes have different endpoints, dataset models, and SQL references. Do not assume that a query or connector configuration for one is compatible with the other. For the general API, available datasets and fields depend on plan and permissions. Workers Analytics Engine data must first be written by a Worker to its dataset.
Query the general Analytics SQL API
The general API accepts a read-only SQL query against one schema-qualified dataset. Each request needs an authorized account or zone scope and a lower time bound. Cloudflare recommends making the request with JSON over POST; the JSON form supports the SQL text and optional query parameters, scope, and time range. Cloudflare SQL API getting started and Cloudflare SQL API query API
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- Create an API token with the analytics read access and product-specific permissions required for the dataset. Confirm that your account or zone is entitled to the dataset and fields you intend to query.
- Choose exactly one scope: an account tag or a zone tag. Add a required start time and, if needed, an end time in the request’s time range. The bounds are inclusive.
- Send a JSON POST to
https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/analytics/sqlwith a singleSELECTfrom a schema-qualified dataset. Use the documented query parameters for values supplied at runtime rather than interpolating user input into SQL text. - Use either request-level scope and time range or SQL predicates for tenancy and time bounds, not both. Avoid duplicate scoping because it can conflict with the request’s intended range or tenancy.
For example, the request’s conceptual shape is a JSON object containing query and, as needed, params, scope, and time_range. Use the dataset, column names, token permissions, and parameter syntax documented for the data you are querying; do not treat this shape as a universal query with interchangeable fields.
Keep queries within the supported SQL subset
The Analytics SQL API is not an unrestricted ClickHouse database. Its language supports common selection, filtering, grouping, ordering, and aggregation, but it rejects many constructs that BI tools may generate. Cloudflare’s SQL language reference lists unsupported features including data modification and definition statements, joins, unions, general subqueries, and window functions. Cloudflare Analytics SQL language reference
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- Start with one dataset and a straightforward
SELECT, then add filters and aggregations supported by the reference. - If a dashboard query relies on joins, unions, nested queries, or window calculations, test its generated SQL against the API and restructure it if necessary.
- Do not infer compatibility from a BI tool’s support for ClickHouse generally: the endpoint’s documented subset is the relevant constraint.
Query custom Worker data with Workers Analytics Engine
Use Workers Analytics Engine when your Worker writes the events or metrics you want to analyze. Define a dataset binding in the Worker configuration and write datapoints consistently; Cloudflare creates the dataset automatically when data is first written. Query it through the account-specific endpoint, not the general Analytics SQL endpoint. Workers Analytics Engine SQL API
Workers Analytics Engine rows include a timestamp and _sample_interval. When sampling is in effect, a stored row can represent multiple observations. Cloudflare’s examples adjust count and average calculations to account for represented rows, so do not treat a raw row count or unweighted average as necessarily representing the underlying event population. Follow the sampling guidance for the calculation you need. Workers Analytics Engine SQL API
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Connect Workers Analytics Engine to Grafana
Cloudflare documents a Grafana integration using the Altinity ClickHouse plugin for Workers Analytics Engine. Its recipe is specific to that dataset and endpoint; the available documentation does not establish an equivalent native Cloudflare setup for every BI product. Cloudflare’s Grafana guide
- Install and configure the Altinity ClickHouse data source plugin in Grafana.
- Set the plugin’s API URL to
https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/accounts/<account_id>/analytics_engine/sql, replacing<account_id>with the Cloudflare account ID. - Configure a custom HTTP header named
Authorizationwith the valueBearer <token>, using an API token authorized for the account and Analytics Engine access. - Run a query against the Worker dataset and check that the query uses the supported SQL surface and handles
_sample_intervalcorrectly for aggregate calculations.
Store the token as a protected Grafana secret or secure data-source setting rather than embedding it in a dashboard query. For another BI tool, verify that it can send the required HTTP request and authentication header and that its SQL generator stays within the endpoint’s supported query syntax; Cloudflare’s Grafana instructions alone do not prove compatibility.
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Use the CLI for developer queries, not as a BI connector
Cloudflare’s command-line workflow can run SQL with cf sql query and list available datasets with cf sql datasets. This is useful for checking access, exploring datasets, and iterating on a query before incorporating it into an application. It is a developer workflow, not a connection method for a BI dashboard. See Cloudflare Analytics SQL API documentation.
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