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Use Puppeteer’s page.accessibility.snapshot() to inspect the page’s serialized accessibility tree. The returned value can be null, so check it before traversing. For a fuller tree, set interestingOnly: false; to limit the capture to part of the page or include iframe trees, use root or includeIframes.

Take an accessibility snapshot

After navigating to a page, call and await page.accessibility.snapshot(). It returns the serialized root accessibility node or null.

const snapshot = await page.accessibility.snapshot();
console.log(snapshot);

For example, here is a complete Node.js script using Puppeteer’s documented API. Install Puppeteer in your project with npm install puppeteer, save this as snapshot.js, and run node snapshot.js.

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');

(async () => {
  const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
  try {
    const page = await browser.newPage();
    await page.goto('https://example.com');

    const snapshot = await page.accessibility.snapshot();
    if (snapshot === null) {
      console.log('No accessibility snapshot was returned.');
      return;
    }

    console.dir(snapshot, { depth: null });
  } finally {
    await browser.close();
  }
})();

The output is structured accessibility information, not a visual rendering or a copy of the DOM. Nodes can expose fields such as name, role, description, checked, disabled and busy. Properties are optional and depend on the node; consult the SerializedAXNode interface for the documented fields.

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Choose how much of the tree to capture

The snapshot options control how much detail and which parts of the page are returned.

Option Default What it changes
interestingOnly true By default Puppeteer prunes accessibility nodes it considers uninteresting. Set it to false to request those nodes too.
root Full page An ElementHandle<Node> to use as the snapshot root instead of the page.
includeIframes false When true, includes accessibility trees for iframes in the frame subtree.

These options change the captured representation: interestingOnly changes detail, root changes scope, and includeIframes changes frame coverage. Chrome’s accessibility tree can contain nodes unused on many platforms and by many screen readers, which is why Puppeteer simplifies it by default.

Request the fuller tree and iframe content

const snapshot = await page.accessibility.snapshot({
  interestingOnly: false,
  includeIframes: true,
});

Limit the capture to an element

Get an element handle, then pass it as root. Check the type definitions for your installed Puppeteer version if your editor flags an option or type mismatch.

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const main = await page.$('main');
const snapshot = main
  ? await page.accessibility.snapshot({ root: main })
  : null;

console.dir(snapshot, { depth: null });

Find information in the returned tree

Because the snapshot is a nested tree, walk its children to locate a node by a property. This example finds the focused node, accounting for a null snapshot and nodes without a children array.

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function findFocusedNode(node) {
  if (!node) return null;
  if (node.focused) return node;

  for (const child of node.children ?? []) {
    const found = findFocusedNode(child);
    if (found) return found;
  }
  return null;
}

const snapshot = await page.accessibility.snapshot();
const focusedNode = snapshot && findFocusedNode(snapshot);
console.log(focusedNode?.name);

Use the same traversal pattern to inspect roles, names or other properties, but do not assume every node has every field. A missing property does not by itself mean that the corresponding information is absent from the rendered page; it may simply not apply to that node or be represented elsewhere in the tree.

Use ARIA locators when you want to act

A snapshot is for inspecting structured accessibility data. If your goal is to click or fill a control by the name and role users encounter, use Puppeteer’s locator API with an ARIA selector. Puppeteer resolves computed accessible names and roles, including ARIA relationships such as labelledby.

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await page.locator('::-p-aria([name="Click me"][role="button"])').click();

For a control identified by its accessible name, the shorter form is also available:

await page.locator('::-p-aria(Search)').fill('automate beyond recorder');

Locators wait for conditions such as visibility and enabled state before acting. Choose a snapshot to examine the tree; choose a locator to target and interact with an element.

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Interpret snapshots carefully

Puppeteer exposes Blink’s accessibility tree. As Puppeteer’s Accessibility class documentation puts it, “Accessibility is a very platform-specific thing.” The browser tree is translated into platform APIs, and operating systems or assistive technologies can filter it further. A Puppeteer snapshot therefore does not establish exactly what every screen reader will announce. For assistive-technology testing, validate behavior with the relevant browser, operating system and screen reader.

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Version notes

The official Puppeteer API reference and guide for this documentation set identify version 25.12.0. The changelog records an accessibility snapshot enhancement in version 24.37.0 on February 4, 2026. Since APIs and serialized properties can change, check the documentation and type definitions matching the Puppeteer version installed in your project.

Troubleshooting

  • The result is null: the API permits a null snapshot. Check for null before traversing or reading properties, and handle that result in your script rather than assuming a tree always exists.
  • Expected nodes are missing: the default interestingOnly: true prunes nodes Puppeteer treats as uninteresting. Try interestingOnly: false if you need the fuller browser accessibility tree.
  • Iframe content is absent: iframe trees are excluded by default. Request them with includeIframes: true.
  • Your result includes unrelated page content: scope the snapshot with an element handle passed as root.
  • Your editor reports an option or type error: verify the installed Puppeteer version and consult that version’s API reference and type definitions; the available types can differ between versions.
  • A snapshot does not match what a screen reader announces: the snapshot represents Blink’s tree, not a guarantee of output on every operating system or assistive technology. Test the target combination directly.
  • A locator cannot find the intended control: confirm the computed accessible name and role, then adjust the ARIA selector to match. Use a snapshot to inspect the exposed tree; use the locator for the action.
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Or skip the browser setup

If you need a website screenshot rather than an accessibility-tree inspection, ScreenshotNeo offers a one-request screenshot API. For example, this cURL command saves a WebP capture:

curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://example.com -o shot.webp

See the ScreenshotNeo documentation for request options. ScreenshotNeo accepts cookie or consent banners before capture and removes more than 60 known consent platforms, newsletter popups and chat widgets; those steps can be turned off. Bot checks and CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads and cache hits are not billed, with response headers indicating the page verdict and billing status. Its MCP server provides take_screenshot, get_page_info and capture_pdf tools for AI agents. The free plan includes 1,000 screenshots a month without a card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 shots.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Does an accessibility snapshot include iframe content by default?

No. Set includeIframes: true to include accessibility trees for iframes in the frame subtree.

Can a Puppeteer accessibility snapshot prove what a screen reader will announce?

No. It represents Blink’s browser accessibility tree; platform APIs and assistive technologies may filter or translate it differently.

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