To take a screenshot in a Jest test, use the jest-puppeteer preset, navigate the supplied page to your target, and call await page.screenshot({ path: 'artifacts/home.png' }). Create the output folder first and let the preset manage the browser lifecycle. This is the simplest setup for a test that captures a page; use Jest’s custom setup, environment, and teardown hooks when you need explicit browser control.
Set up Jest and Puppeteer
Jest’s documented integration uses the jest-puppeteer preset. Add it as a development dependency, configure Jest to use it, then write tests with the preset-provided page and browser globals. See the Jest Puppeteer integration guide for current setup details.
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Install the integration package:
npm install --save-dev jest-puppeteer. Your project also needs Jest and Puppeteer; check the package documentation and your project’s lockfile for compatible versions, since the cited guides do not establish one universal version matrix. -
In your Jest configuration, set the preset to
jest-puppeteer. For example, injest.config.js:Free tools Windows power users keep installed
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module.exports = { preset: 'jest-puppeteer' }; -
Create the screenshot directory before the test runs. For example, run
mkdir -p artifactson macOS or Linux, or createartifactsin your test setup. Puppeteer will not create a missing parent directory for the screenshot path.
Write a test that captures the page
Save this as a Jest test file, such as home.test.js. Replace the example URL with the page your test should visit.
describe('home page screenshot', () => {
beforeAll(async () => {
await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'networkidle2' });
});
it('captures the rendered page', async () => {
await expect(page.title()).resolves.toBe('Example Domain');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'artifacts/home.png', fullPage: true });
});
});
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Capture only one element
When the test needs a component rather than the whole page, select its element and use ElementHandle.screenshot():
const card = await page.$('[data-testid="product-card"]');
if (!card) throw new Error('Product card was not found');
await card.screenshot({ path: 'artifacts/product-card.png' });
The explicit missing-element check makes a selector failure clearer than attempting a screenshot with no matching element.
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Use the returned screenshot bytes
Page.screenshot() returns image bytes by default (a Uint8Array); it can return a base64 string when configured for base64 encoding. Use path when you want Puppeteer to write a file, or handle the returned bytes when the test needs to store or inspect the image another way. See the Page.screenshot() API reference.
Choose a browser lifecycle
The preset is convenient because it provides the browser and page globals and owns the usual setup. If it does not give your project enough control, Jest documents a custom integration using global setup, a custom test environment, and global teardown. Its lifecycle is: launch Puppeteer in globalSetup, publish the browser’s WebSocket endpoint for the environment to connect to, connect from the custom test environment, then close the browser and clean temporary state in globalTeardown. Follow the current Jest guide for the exact configuration interfaces.
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| Approach | Best fit | Trade-off |
|---|---|---|
jest-puppeteer preset |
A straightforward test suite that needs a ready-to-use page and browser. | Less lifecycle configuration; fewer opportunities to customize how the browser is launched and shared. |
| Custom Jest lifecycle | A project requiring explicit launch, connection, environment, or teardown behavior. | You must implement and maintain the setup, endpoint handoff, environment connection, and cleanup. |
Whichever approach you choose, make one part of the setup responsible for closing the browser. Unowned browser processes can linger after tests and consume CI resources.
Check runtime and CI requirements
Puppeteer’s current system requirements documentation specifies Node.js 22.12 or newer. It documents Chrome for Testing support on Windows x64, macOS x64/arm64, Debian/Ubuntu Linux x64/arm64, and openSUSE/Fedora Linux. Linux system-package requirements depend on the distribution, so check the Puppeteer system requirements against the actual CI image you use; these details can change.
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Troubleshoot common failures
-
The test cannot find
pageorbrowser. Confirm Jest is usingpreset: 'jest-puppeteer'and that the test is running through that Jest configuration. Those globals are provided by the preset, not by ordinary Jest tests. -
Screenshot writing fails with a missing-path error. Create the parent directory, such as
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Navigation hangs or times out. The selected wait condition may not suit a page with continuing network requests or delayed rendering. Wait for an application-specific selector or readiness signal instead of relying on network idleness.
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The browser will not launch in CI. Check that the CI Node version meets Puppeteer’s documented minimum, the platform is listed as supported, and Linux system dependencies are present for that distribution.
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Browser processes remain after tests. Review lifecycle ownership. With the preset, follow its documented setup; with custom integration, ensure teardown closes the browser and removes temporary state.
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The screenshot is blank or captures an incomplete state. A successful navigation alone does not guarantee that client-side rendering or lazy content is ready. Wait for the specific content the test needs before capturing.
Understand Jest coverage boundaries
Jest’s Puppeteer guide notes that code executed through page.$eval, page.$$eval, or page.evaluate runs outside Jest’s scope in the described setup, so Jest cannot generate coverage for that page-side code. These calls can still support browser assertions, but their execution should not be reported as coverage of the application code running in the page. See the Jest integration guide.
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Or skip the browser setup
If you need a screenshot endpoint rather than a local Jest-controlled browser, ScreenshotNeo returns a screenshot from one GET request. Its API can return PNG, JPEG, WebP, or PDF; see the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for request options.
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://example.com -o shot.webp
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Optional visual comparison
This setup creates screenshots but does not compare them with a baseline or review visual changes across pull requests. The jest-puppeteer project README points to Argos as an option for visual testing that tracks changes introduced by pull requests; see the jest-puppeteer README for that project context.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Does Jest automatically compare each screenshot with a previous one?
No. The test above captures an image; visual comparison requires a separate comparison workflow.
Can a Jest browser test provide coverage for code running in the page?
Not for code executed through the page evaluation methods described in Jest’s Puppeteer guide; those executions are outside Jest’s coverage scope.
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