Cypress can run tests in Chrome-family browsers, including Edge, and Firefox; WebKit support is experimental. Choose an installed browser in the Cypress app or specify it with npx cypress run --browser chrome or npx cypress run --browser firefox. For CI, a practical starting point is to run the full suite in your primary browser and a targeted critical-path suite in another browser, then expand coverage where your users and product risks justify the runtime and infrastructure cost.
Which browsers can Cypress test?
Cypress’s browser support includes Chrome-family browsers and Firefox. Its launch reference names Chrome for Testing, Chrome and its release channels, Chromium, Edge and its release channels, Firefox and its release channels, plus experimental WebKit. The selected browser must be installed in the local or CI environment; Cypress detects installed browsers and launches its own browser instance with an isolated test profile.
WebKit is the engine associated with Safari, but Cypress’s WebKit support remains experimental. It is useful for an additional engine check, not a claim that Cypress offers ordinary, fully supported automation of every Safari environment. See the Cypress cross-browser testing guide and its browser-launch reference for the current browser list and caveats.
Choose a browser and run Cypress tests
In the Cypress app
- Install the browser you want to test in, if it is not already available.
- Open Cypress and select the browser from the browser selector.
- Run the desired spec or suite. Cypress opens a separate browser instance and test profile rather than using your ordinary browser session.
From the command line
Pass the browser name to cypress run. These examples use the browser names documented by Cypress:
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npx cypress run --browser chromenpx cypress run --browser firefoxnpx cypress run --browser edge
Use the browser name Cypress recognizes for the installed browser. For channels, Chromium, or other supported launch targets, consult the current launching browsers reference. Make the choice explicit in scripts and CI configuration so coverage does not depend on a changing default.
Plan a browser matrix that fits your risk
Running every spec in every browser can increase CI duration and resource use. Cypress’s documented example runs all tests in Chrome and a selected set of critical-path specs in Firefox. This is a coverage strategy, not proof of complete browser parity: bugs outside the additional browser’s selected specs can remain undiscovered.
| Coverage choice | What it checks | Trade-off |
|---|---|---|
| Full suite in one primary browser | Broad behavior in the browser most relevant to your product or team workflow. | Does not by itself establish behavior in other browsers or engines. |
| Full primary suite plus targeted specs in another browser | Broad primary coverage plus selected high-risk flows in a second target. | Less duplicate runtime than repeating everything, but unselected specs are not checked in that target. |
| Full suite in multiple browsers | Broader repeated coverage across selected targets. | More CI execution time and infrastructure; still only covers the browsers and versions actually run. |
| Experimental WebKit run | An additional check against WebKit behavior. | Experimental support and documented limitations mean it is not a substitute for ordinary supported-browser coverage. |
Choose targets based on the browsers and engines your audience uses, the consequences of failures, and the cost of duplicated runs. A sensible progression is a full suite in the primary browser, critical-path coverage in another important browser, then broader duplication for high-risk areas where the added confidence warrants it. Cypress discusses this confidence, duration, and infrastructure trade-off in its cross-browser guide.
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Configure cross-browser jobs in CI
Keep browser-specific commands visible in separate jobs or groups, install the browser and required dependencies in the CI environment, and give jobs names that show which browser and coverage they represent. Cypress documents browser images for CI environments that need browsers and their dependencies; review the CI overview for the available approaches.
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- Primary browser:
npx cypress run --browser chrome - Additional-browser smoke or critical-path specs:
npx cypress run --browser firefox --spec "cypress/e2e/checkout.cy.js,cypress/e2e/login.cy.js"
Replace the spec paths with files in your project. The second command intentionally limits coverage; it should not be described as running the full suite in Firefox. Configure each job to install or use the intended browser, and retain the command and selected spec list in the job definition so coverage is reviewable.
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Control browser versions for reproducible runs
Cypress’s current launch reference says it officially supports the latest three major versions of Chrome, Firefox, and Edge. It also says Firefox versions earlier than 140 cannot be launched by current Cypress because their WebDriver BiDi implementation is incomplete; the reference notes a different floor for Cypress 15.0.0 through 15.18.1 (Firefox 135). These are version-sensitive compatibility details, not timeless minimums: check the launch reference for the Cypress release you use before setting a browser version.
Chrome is evergreen and can update automatically, potentially changing test behavior between runs. Cypress recommends Chrome for Testing when practical for deterministic Chrome runs because its versioned binaries do not auto-update. Pinning a browser version locally and in CI can reduce environment drift; schedule deliberate updates so that a pinned browser does not become stale. See the current browser version and launch guidance.
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To try Cypress’s WebKit support, enable the experiment with experimentalWebKitSupport: true in Cypress configuration, install playwright-webkit, and install additional Linux dependencies when applicable. Follow the current launching browsers documentation for setup details as dependencies and limitations may change.
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The documented limitations include lack of support for cy.origin() and Test Replay in WebKit. A WebKit run can reveal some engine-specific issues, but it does not reproduce every difference in a user’s full Safari installation or operating environment.
Troubleshooting browser runs
- The browser does not appear in Cypress: Confirm it is installed in the same environment where Cypress runs, then check its recognized name and support status in the browser-launch reference.
- CI cannot launch the selected browser: Install that browser and its required dependencies in the job, or use an appropriate Cypress browser image as described in the CI overview.
- Firefox fails to launch: Check both the Firefox version and Cypress version. Current Cypress cannot launch Firefox older than 140 according to its launch reference, with the noted earlier floor for Cypress 15.0.0–15.18.1; consult the documentation for your exact release.
- Chrome tests behave differently across machines: Chrome may update automatically. Consider Cypress’s recommended Chrome for Testing for a versioned, non-auto-updating binary, and coordinate the pinned version in local and CI environments.
- WebKit tests fail on a command or feature: Verify the experiment is enabled, the required package and platform dependencies are installed, and the failing feature is not among documented limitations such as
cy.origin()or Test Replay. - Coverage is unclear from CI results: Put the browser and suite scope in job names, and make each browser command and targeted spec selection explicit.
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Related browser and CI references
- Install Cypress with npm, Yarn, pnpm, or Bun
- Cypress cross-browser testing guide
- Cypress browser-launch reference
- Cypress continuous integration overview
Frequently Asked Questions
Does Cypress support Safari?
Cypress documents experimental WebKit support, which can check some Safari-engine behavior; it is not ordinary, fully supported Safari automation.
Does Cypress run tests in a user’s regular browser profile?
No. Cypress launches its own browser instance with an isolated test profile.
Can I use Cypress’s default Electron browser for cross-browser coverage?
Cypress’s current launch reference marks Electron deprecated and says it will be removed in a future release. Check the current migration guidance rather than relying on a removal date.
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