Use an accessibility scanner to surface potential problems quickly, then check its findings manually. A clean scan is not proof that a site is accessible or conforms to WCAG: scanners cannot judge every issue of meaning, context, keyboard use, or assistive-technology behavior.
What an accessibility scanner can—and cannot—tell you
Automated checkers can flag some recurring technical barriers in a page or its code, making them useful during design, development, and quality assurance. Depending on the tool and its rules, results may include errors, warnings, and prompts that require human review. Treat each result as a candidate issue to investigate, not an automatic verdict.
As W3C WAI notes, “Some accessibility checks just cannot be automated and require manual intervention.” W3C WAI’s tool-selection guidance explains why a combination of evaluation methods may be needed. WAVE puts the limit plainly: “Only humans can determine whether a web page is accessible.” It does not award an accessibility pass, and no automated tool checks every issue in WCAG and Section 508. WAVE Help
A scan is evidence only about the checks the tool ran, under its configuration and the page state it saw. A rule may, for example, find that an image has alternative text without deciding whether that text communicates the image’s purpose. Section508.gov’s testing overview explains this distinction. Do not treat a score, a low issue count, or a “clean” report as a conformance statement.
#1 Best Overall
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How to check a website for accessibility issues
Use the scanner to find likely problem areas, then test the page as a person would use it. Start with important templates and user journeys, not just the homepage.
- Choose representative pages and states. Include different templates and key tasks, such as completing a form or reaching an important service outcome. Test relevant interactive states, including menus, dialogs, validation errors, and dynamically revealed content.
- Run a browser checker or another suitable evaluation tool. Record the page, state, tool, and configuration so you can reproduce the result. A browser extension can inspect what is rendered in the browser; an online scanner may have a different scope or access limitations.
- Inspect each finding in context. Open the reported element in the page or DOM. Decide whether it is a genuine barrier, an issue in hidden or dynamic content, or a suggestion that needs human judgment. Do not dismiss a result solely because it appears in a warning category.
- Navigate without a mouse. Use Tab and Shift+Tab to reach links and controls. Check that focus is visible, follows a sensible order, and does not get trapped. Confirm that focusing an item does not unexpectedly trigger an action.
- Review links, images, and forms for meaning. Ask whether link text explains its destination, whether image alternatives serve the image’s purpose, and whether form controls have clear labels associated with them. Check that validation errors and other feedback work in the actual interaction.
- Repair and retest. Repeat the scan and the relevant manual checks after a change. Include assistive-technology checks when the page or user journey warrants them; a scanner alone cannot establish how the experience works for those users.
These checks reflect common problem areas identified in the GOV.UK accessibility testing guide: keyboard operation, descriptive links, contrast, meaningful alternative text, and correctly marked-up forms.
Rank #2
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What to verify manually after a scan
Keyboard access and focus
- Can you reach every link, button, form control, and other interactive element with the keyboard?
- Is the current focus indicator visible, and does focus move in a logical order?
- Can you leave menus, dialogs, and other components without becoming trapped?
- Does moving focus trigger an unexpected action?
Meaning and context
- Do link labels make sense out of context and describe where they lead?
- Do image alternatives convey the information or function that matters, rather than merely exist?
- Are control labels understandable and programmatically associated with their inputs?
Forms and interactions
- Can users understand what information a form needs?
- When an entry is invalid, is the problem communicated clearly and tied to the relevant control?
- Do dynamic changes, menus, and dialogs behave as expected with keyboard and relevant assistive technology?
GOV.UK’s monitoring team uses Axe but manually checks highlighted issues rather than treating each suggestion as a confirmed failure. Its process also separately checks keyboard reachability, traps, visible focus, logical focus order, and unexpected actions on focus. GOV.UK accessibility monitoring methodology
How to choose a scanner or evaluation tool
There is no single best tool for every job. Match the tool to the pages and workflow you need to evaluate, and check what its rules actually test.
Recommended Free Tools
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- What You Get: Anker USB-C Hub (7-in-1), welcome guide, 18-month warranty, and our friendly customer service.
| Selection question | What to check |
|---|---|
| Purpose | Does it automate checks, guide manual evaluation, simulate aspects of user experience, or combine approaches? |
| Target and scope | Does it inspect one page, related pages, an entire site, an application, documents, or restricted pages you can access? |
| Standards and rules | Which WCAG versions or other requirements does it support, and what does each rule actually verify? |
| Workflow | Will you use a browser extension, online service, desktop or mobile application, command-line utility, developer tool, or CI integration? |
| Evidence and reporting | Does it show the issue in context and offer useful remediation guidance, exports, dashboards, or support for manual review? |
| Practical fit | Check operating system and browser support, content language, whether the tool itself is accessible, and free, open-source, or commercial licensing. |
W3C WAI notes that tools differ in scope: some check a single page, others related pages, and some can access password-restricted content. Different tools may need to be combined. Its tool-selection guidance and Web Accessibility Evaluation Tools List can help you assess fit and check listed features and standards.
GOV.UK names Axe, WAVE, ARC Toolkit, and SiteImprove as examples of automated testing options. These are examples, not a ranking or endorsement; select based on your needs and verify the capabilities relevant to your pages. GOV.UK testing guide
Rank #4
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- Please Note: To reach 10Gbps speed, keep the cable under 3.3 ft. For USB A Male to USB C adapters, try flipping the USB C connector. USB C Male to USB A adapters support bidirectional 10Gbps transfer within 3.3 ft
Plan page coverage and repeat checks
Run checks while production code is being developed, and again when you add features or change important page templates. For a large site, prioritize representative templates and important end-to-end journeys rather than assuming a homepage scan covers everything.
GOV.UK’s monitoring process selects popular pages, different templates, and at least one end-to-end service where possible. Even a detailed audit may be sample-based; be clear about which pages and flows were checked rather than implying every page was covered. GOV.UK monitoring methodology
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Or skip the browser setup
ScreenshotNeo is a website screenshot API and MCP server for developers. A screenshot can help document a visual state during review, but it does not replace accessibility scanning or manual testing. Its clean-shot options accept cookie or consent banners and remove more than 60 known consent platforms, newsletter popups, and chat widgets before capture; each step can be turned off. Bot checks and CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits are not billed, and the response identifies the page verdict and billing status in headers. Its MCP server provides take_screenshot, get_page_info, and capture_pdf tools for AI agents and MCP clients. ScreenshotNeo
For example, request a screenshot with one GET call. See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for request details.
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://stripe.com -o shot.webpScreenshotNeo includes 1,000 screenshots per month on its free plan with no card required; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000. Sign up for ScreenshotNeo’s free plan.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can an accessibility checker tell me if my website is accessible?
No. It can identify some potential issues, but a human must review context and test important interactions. A clean report does not establish accessibility or WCAG conformance.
Free tools Windows power users keep installed
One-click scans. No signup required.
Does a scanner check every WCAG requirement?
No. Some checks require manual intervention, and tools vary in scope and rules. Combine automated results with manual checks and, where appropriate, assistive-technology testing.
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