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The ASP.NET Repeater is a Web Forms data-bound control for repeating your own markup around each item in a data source. Use it when you need precise control over the HTML; you supply the layout and, unlike richer data controls, also handle features such as paging, sorting, selection, and editing yourself.

What the ASP.NET Repeater does

Microsoft describes Repeater as “a data-bound list control that allows custom layout by repeating a specified template for each item displayed in the list.” It belongs to System.Web.UI.WebControls and renders the markup you place in its templates rather than imposing a grid or table structure. That makes it useful when the emitted HTML needs to match a specific design.

Repeater is an ASP.NET Web Forms control, not a component for ASP.NET Core. Microsoft’s documentation describes its behavior in the Web Forms framework: Repeater Class.

How the Repeater templates work

ItemTemplate is required. It defines the markup rendered for each data item. The other templates are optional and let you add surrounding content or vary what appears between items.

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  • HeaderTemplate renders once before the data items.
  • ItemTemplate renders for each data item.
  • AlternatingItemTemplate can render for odd-indexed items (zero-based), allowing alternating markup or CSS classes.
  • SeparatorTemplate renders between data items.
  • FooterTemplate renders once after the data items.

Item and alternating-item templates are bound to the current data item. Header, footer, and separator templates are not data-bound.

Bind a Repeater to data

There are two common approaches: set DataSource in code and call DataBind(), or connect the control to a data-source control with DataSourceID.

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Manual binding in code

Assign an enumerable collection or an IListSource to DataSource, then call DataBind(). Arrays, ArrayList, and DataView are examples of supported sources.

Products.DataSource = products;
Products.DataBind();

Here, products represents a collection available to your page. Call the binding code at the appropriate point in the page lifecycle so the control has data when it renders.

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Declarative binding with DataSourceID

Set DataSourceID to the ID of a data-source control in the page. Microsoft documents that the Repeater binds automatically on the first request.

<asp:Repeater ID="Products" runat="server" DataSourceID="ProductsSource">
  <HeaderTemplate><ul></HeaderTemplate>
  <ItemTemplate>
    <li><%# Eval("ProductName") %></li>
  </ItemTemplate>
  <FooterTemplate></ul></FooterTemplate>
</asp:Repeater>

ProductsSource must identify a data-source control on the page, and ProductName must match a field or property exposed by the bound item. Eval evaluates that value for each item.

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Render a table or list

The Repeater adds no layout structure beyond the markup in its templates. Microsoft calls it an ideal choice when precise control over emitted markup matters. Put the opening and closing list or table tags in the header and footer, and put each repeated element in the item template.

List markup

The declarative example above places <ul> in the header and footer templates and creates one <li> per item. The result is a list whose structure and classes you control.

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Table markup

For a table, use the header template for the table opening and column headings, the item template for one complete data row, and the footer template to close the table. Ensure every row has the same number of cells as the headings.

<asp:Repeater ID="Products" runat="server" DataSourceID="ProductsSource">
  <HeaderTemplate>
    <table>
      <thead><tr><th>Product</th><th>Price</th></tr></thead>
      <tbody>
  </HeaderTemplate>
  <ItemTemplate>
    <tr>
      <td><%# Eval("ProductName") %></td>
      <td><%# Eval("Price") %></td>
    </tr>
  </ItemTemplate>
  <FooterTemplate>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </FooterTemplate>
</asp:Repeater>

Replace the field names with fields or properties in your data source. Since you own the markup, you also own its HTML validity, styling, and responsive behavior.

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Repeater, DataList, and GridView compared

Choose based on how much markup control you need versus how much behavior you want the control to provide. Microsoft’s overview distinguishes Repeater’s precise markup control from GridView’s more structured table output and built-in data-management behavior: Data-Bound Web Server Controls Overview.

Control Markup and structure Built-in behavior Developer effort
Repeater Maximum control: renders the markup supplied in templates. No built-in selection or editing; paging and sorting are application responsibilities or require another control. You provide layout, styling, and any additional behavior.
DataList Templated data-bound control; its structure is more managed than a Repeater’s. Offers more control features than a Repeater; exact feature details depend on the implementation and documentation cited above. Less markup freedom than Repeater, with some control behavior supplied by the control.
GridView More structured table output than Repeater. Provides more built-in data-management behavior. Usually needs less application code for common grid operations, at the cost of less direct control over the emitted markup.

Limitations and safe output

Repeater does not provide built-in selection or editing, and it does not supply richer data controls’ style properties. Add actions and presentation in your templates and application code. You can handle custom commands through the ItemCommand event. Paging and sorting are not built-in Repeater features; implement them in the application or use a control designed to provide them.

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Take care when rendering untrusted values. Microsoft warns that user input displayed by a data-bound control can contain malicious client script. Validate input as appropriate and encode values for their output context; request validation alone is not a substitute for safe output encoding. See Microsoft’s Repeater security remarks.

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