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To install a font for your account, copy its .ttf or .otf file into ~/.local/share/fonts/, refresh Fontconfig’s cache, and restart any open apps. For all users, place fonts in /usr/local/share/fonts/ instead. You can also install fonts graphically in GNOME or manage, disable, and uninstall them in KDE.

Choose where to install the font

Linux desktop applications commonly use Fontconfig to discover and match fonts. The install location determines who can use a font:

Scope Typical directory What to know
Personal ~/.local/share/fonts/ Available to your account; does not require administrator privileges.
System-wide /usr/local/share/fonts/ Available to all users; system-wide changes require administrator privileges.

The system-wide path is a common location, not the only possible one: Fontconfig can be configured to scan other directories. GNOME documents both locations and the corresponding cache refresh commands in its font installation instructions.

Install fonts from the command line

Install for your account

  1. Create the personal font directory if it does not already exist: mkdir -p ~/.local/share/fonts.
  2. Copy the font files into it. For example, if the files are in Downloads: cp ~/Downloads/*.ttf ~/.local/share/fonts/. For OpenType files, use *.otf instead, or copy individual files.
  3. Refresh the font cache for that directory: fc-cache ~/.local/share/fonts.
  4. Check that Fontconfig can see the font with fc-list, or ask which face it would select for a family with fc-match "Family Name".
  5. Close and reopen applications that were running during installation.

Install for all users

  1. Create /usr/local/share/fonts/ if needed and copy the font files there using administrator privileges.
  2. Refresh the cache for the system font directory: fc-cache /usr/local/share/fonts/. To rebuild caches for configured directories, use fc-cache -f -v.
  3. Verify discovery with fc-list or check a family match with fc-match "Family Name", then restart open applications.

The fc-cache manual describes the command as scanning system font directories and building font-information cache files for applications that use Fontconfig.

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Install and manage fonts graphically

GNOME

In GNOME, open the font file from the file manager to preview it and use the install option. GNOME also documents opening the fonts:// view in the file manager as a way to manage fonts. Its font installation guide includes cache-refresh commands if a font does not appear.

KDE Plasma

Open KDE’s Font Management module in System Settings. It distinguishes Personal Fonts from System Fonts and provides options to install from a file, preview, group, uninstall, and enable or disable fonts. System-font changes require administrator privileges. Disabling a font hides it from applications without removing the installed files, so you can enable it again later. See KDE’s Font Management documentation.

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Diagnose a font that does not appear

  • Check the file and location. Make sure the font file is readable and is in a directory Fontconfig scans. User and system configuration can add or change font directories.
  • Refresh the cache. Run fc-cache ~/.local/share/fonts for the personal directory or fc-cache /usr/local/share/fonts/ for the common system-wide directory.
  • Confirm discovery and matching. Use fc-list to inspect available fonts. Use fc-match "Family Name" to see which face Fontconfig will choose; if it returns a different font, the requested family may not be discovered under that name.
  • Restart the affected application. An app that was already open may not notice newly installed fonts until it is restarted.
  • Check configuration if the basics fail. System Fontconfig configuration is under /etc/fonts; user configuration follows XDG Fontconfig directories. These settings support custom directories, substitutions, and matching rules. The Fontconfig user documentation explains the configuration model.

Do not remove system fonts casually: other applications or the desktop may rely on them. Remove only files you installed, or use KDE Font Management’s uninstall action for a font you added.

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When to use Fontconfig configuration

For a straightforward installation, the standard font directories and fc-cache are usually enough. Fontconfig XML configuration is for cases where you need a custom font directory or want to control substitutions and matching behavior. Configuration can be system-wide or per-user; the appropriate location depends on which scope you intend to change. The Fontconfig documentation covers user configuration and discovery.

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