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Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsFree Scan →Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesFind Drivers →Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problemsFix Now →A private Cloud DNS zone answers only for the VPC networks authorized on that zone. To manage it, create the private zone with the correct DNS suffix and network scope, then add or change record sets by name, type, TTL and data using the console, gcloud, or the Cloud DNS API. Use forwarding or peering when the authoritative records are outside the zone, and export records before any destructive change.
How private-zone visibility works
A managed private zone defines a DNS suffix, such as corp.example., and a set of authorized VPC networks. Only those selected networks can query records in the zone; the suffix by itself does not expose the records to every network. Google documents creating and changing the authorized networks in Create, modify, and delete zones.
Create the zone and choose networks
- Open Network services > Cloud DNS in the Google Cloud console and select Create zone.
- Enter a zone name and the DNS name (suffix), then set Zone type to Private.
- Under network authorization, select each VPC network that must resolve the zone.
- Create the zone, then verify that the listed networks match the intended scope.
You can modify the authorized networks later. A zone must exist before you can add record sets. Cloud DNS also creates the apex NS and SOA records automatically; treat those as zone records managed by the service, not as ordinary application records.
Add, inspect and update record sets
A record set is identified by four values: its DNS name, record type, TTL and record data. The name must end with the zone’s DNS name, and TTL is specified in seconds—the cache lifetime for resolvers.
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Console workflow
- Open Cloud DNS > Zones and select the private zone.
- Choose Add standard (or the record-add action shown by the current console), enter the relative or fully qualified DNS name, select the type, set the TTL in seconds, and enter the record data.
- Save the record set, then use the zone’s record list to inspect or edit it.
When editing, replace the complete record-set value rather than assuming an individual row is independent. Keep the trailing dot on fully qualified DNS names where the interface or command requires it.
Using gcloud
The gcloud dns record-sets command group can list and describe records, and can add, update or delete them. A typical inspection command is:
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gcloud dns record-sets list --zone=ZONE_NAME
For a repeatable change, use a transaction so related edits are submitted together:
gcloud dns record-sets transaction start --zone=ZONE_NAMEgcloud dns record-sets transaction add 10.20.0.15 --name=app.corp.example. --type=A --ttl=300 --zone=ZONE_NAME- For a replacement, remove the old data with
transaction removeusing the same name, type, TTL and data, then add the new value. gcloud dns record-sets transaction execute --zone=ZONE_NAME
Use the project and account flags appropriate to your environment. A transaction is a group of one or more changes applied as a unit: the entire operation succeeds or fails. This prevents a partially applied set of related DNS edits. Google documents the command and API workflows in Add, update, and delete records.
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API and import/export
The Cloud DNS API exposes methods for listing, retrieving, creating, patching and deleting record sets. For bulk or repeatable administration, record sets can be exported and imported in BIND zone-file or YAML formats. Exported data is also a practical recovery copy.
Choose the right zone pattern
| Pattern | Where authoritative data lives | Use it when | Design points |
|---|---|---|---|
| Private managed zone | Cloud DNS in the current project | The selected VPC networks should resolve records locally | Authorize each required VPC; manage records directly in the zone |
| Forwarding zone | Another DNS server | Queries must be sent to an on-premises or other authoritative DNS service | Configure forwarding targets and ensure routes and firewall rules permit DNS traffic |
| Peering zone | A producer VPC accessible through Cloud DNS peering | Consumers need records made available by another VPC | Set up the producer and consumer relationship and validate network connectivity |
Under Google’s documented default resolution order, Cloud DNS first checks an authorized private, forwarding or peering zone for the VPC, then public DNS. An outbound server policy can specify a different name server and change that behavior. The distinction matters: forwarding sends the query to another DNS server, while peering uses records available through a producer VPC. See DNS zones overview.
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Permissions and shared-network designs
Broad administration versus narrowly scoped access
The roles/dns.admin role provides broad zone and record administration. In a shared project, Google Cloud also supports conditional IAM policies that restrict a principal to a particular record set, subdomain or record type. Match the permission scope to the change: a service that manages only application A records should not automatically receive authority over every zone record.
If a principal restricted to records runs a transaction, it may need --skip-soa-update. Transactions otherwise attempt to update the SOA record, which can exceed that principal’s conditional permission.
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IAM guidance is covered in Set and manage IAM policies for managed zones.
Shared VPC and hybrid connectivity
Shared VPC and hybrid deployments often combine private zones with forwarding or peering. Check all of the following before troubleshooting the record itself:
- The consuming VPC is authorized on the relevant private zone.
- Routes exist between forwarding targets, producer VPCs and consumers.
- Firewalls allow DNS traffic (normally UDP and, when needed, TCP) between the involved networks.
- Inbound or outbound forwarding settings match the direction of the query.
- IAM grants the operator access to the zone and the specific records being changed.
Google’s operational guidance for these designs is in Best practices for Cloud DNS.
Deletion, export and recovery
Deleting a record set is permanent. Deleting the managed zone permanently removes all of its records. Before either action, export the zone data in BIND or YAML format and retain the file in an appropriate secure location. If a mistake occurs, create or select the replacement zone and import the saved data, then re-authorize the required VPC networks.
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Do not attempt to manage the automatically generated apex NS and SOA records as ordinary application records; preserve the exported copy for reference and recovery.
Quick Recap
Operational checklist
- Confirm the zone suffix and that every record name ends with it.
- Confirm every resolver’s VPC is authorized on the private zone.
- Choose local records, forwarding or peering based on where the authoritative data resides.
- Set TTL in seconds and account for that cache period when testing changes.
- Use a transaction for edits that must succeed together.
- Use conditional IAM when an operator needs only a subdomain, record type or record set.
- For shared or hybrid networks, verify routes and DNS firewall rules as well as IAM.
- Export before deleting records or the zone.
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