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1Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsUse width and height to set the logical canvas area, scale to control output pixel density, and x/y with dimensions to crop a region. For scrollable content, set windowWidth and windowHeight to the element’s scrollWidth and scrollHeight, then check the resulting canvas.width and canvas.height. The complete examples below show predictable dimensions, high-DPI output, cropping and fixes for clipped or blank canvases.
The sizing controls that matter
html2canvas(element, options) reconstructs a page from its DOM and styles; it does not capture the browser’s already-painted pixels. The configuration reference defines these options:
| Goal | Options | What they change |
|---|---|---|
| Set the logical capture bounds | width, height |
Canvas area in CSS pixels; defaults to the target element’s dimensions. |
| Set sharpness or output density | scale |
Bitmap resolution multiplier; defaults to window.devicePixelRatio. |
| Capture a subsection | x, y, width, height |
Offset and size of the region to render. |
| Render a complete scroll area | windowWidth, windowHeight |
Virtual rendering window; also influences responsive media queries. |
| Reproduce a scrolled state | scrollX, scrollY |
Scroll positions used while rendering. |
These are different jobs. Increasing scale does not reveal more of a clipped element; it only creates more pixels for the same logical area. Increasing width or height changes the area, while x and y move that area.
Set exact output dimensions
For repeatable output, choose an explicit scale. With scale: 1, the canvas bitmap is approximately one device pixel per CSS pixel. The following example requests a 1,200 by 800 CSS-pixel area and prints the actual bitmap dimensions:
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import html2canvas from "html2canvas";
const element = document.querySelector("#capture");
const canvas = await html2canvas(element, {
width: 1200,
height: 800,
scale: 1
});
console.log({
cssArea: "1200 × 800",
bitmapWidth: canvas.width,
bitmapHeight: canvas.height
});
document.body.appendChild(canvas);When scale is 2, the same 1,200 by 800 logical area normally produces a bitmap about 2,400 by 1,600 pixels. Use an explicit value when image dimensions must be stable across machines; leaving it unset follows each browser’s window.devicePixelRatio, which is useful for crisp display output but can vary between monitors and sessions.
Fit the element rather than forcing a size
Omit width and height to use the target element’s dimensions. You can inspect those dimensions first:
const rect = element.getBoundingClientRect();
const canvas = await html2canvas(element, {
width: Math.ceil(rect.width),
height: Math.ceil(rect.height),
scale: 1
});Measure after fonts, images and asynchronous content have loaded; measuring earlier can produce a smaller canvas than the final layout.
Crop a region with x, y, width and height
The official examples use offsets and dimensions to render only a rectangle. Coordinates are relative to the target element:
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const canvas = await html2canvas(element, {
x: 100,
y: 100,
width: 400,
height: 300,
scale: 1
});
console.log(canvas.width, canvas.height); // 400, 300 at scale 1At scale: 2, the logical crop remains 400 by 300 CSS pixels but the bitmap is approximately 800 by 600. Keep the crop inside the element’s rendered bounds. For a user-selected rectangle, clamp the values to zero and to the element’s width and height before calling html2canvas.
Capture a long or wide scrollable element
A scroll container can be clipped because its visible box is smaller than its content. The project FAQ recommends setting the virtual window to the content’s scroll dimensions:
const element = document.querySelector("#capture");
const canvas = await html2canvas(element, {
windowWidth: element.scrollWidth,
windowHeight: element.scrollHeight,
scale: 1
});This gives html2canvas a rendering window large enough for the scroll area. It can also change media-query evaluation. A page designed for a narrow viewport may reflow when you provide a wide windowWidth, so verify the cloned result and choose dimensions that produce the layout you actually want. If the target is the whole document rather than one scroll container, measure the relevant document or root element and apply the same principle.
Preserve a particular scroll position
Use scrollX and scrollY when fixed or sticky content must be rendered as if the page were at a specific scroll offset:
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scrollX: 0,
scrollY: 600,
width: element.clientWidth,
height: element.clientHeight,
scale: 1
});Test sticky headers and fixed widgets separately; their appearance depends on the virtual scroll state and the cloned DOM.
Wait for content before measuring
Dimensions are only as accurate as the layout at capture time. Wait for fonts and images, then capture:
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await document.fonts?.ready;
await Promise.all(
[...document.images].filter(img => !img.complete)
.map(img => new Promise(resolve => {
img.addEventListener("load", resolve, { once: true });
img.addEventListener("error", resolve, { once: true });
}))
);
const canvas = await html2canvas(document.querySelector("#capture"), {
scale: 1
});For content that appears after an API call, wait for the application’s own “ready” signal rather than guessing with a short timeout.
Pixel density, memory and canvas limits
Every increase in area or scale increases the number of bitmap pixels and therefore memory use. The html2canvas FAQ gives approximate current evergreen-browser guidance, not guarantees: Chrome/Chromium and Firefox are around 32,767 pixels for a maximum dimension, with approximate maximum areas of 268 million and 472 million pixels respectively. Desktop Safari is also around 32,767 pixels per dimension; iOS Safari can be lower and depends on device RAM. Limits vary by browser, operating system and hardware; the FAQ points to the canvas-size library for newer test results.
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If a large capture is blank, truncated or throws an allocation error, reduce scale, reduce the capture rectangle, or render several smaller sections and combine them outside the browser. Check both dimensions after rendering:
const maxPixels = 268_000_000; // conservative planning value, not a guarantee
const pixels = requestedWidth * requestedHeight * scale * scale;
if (pixels > maxPixels) {
throw new Error("Capture is too large; lower scale or split it into tiles");
}Do not treat that value as a universal browser limit. It is a planning guard; actual limits differ.
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Why the result differs from the visible page
The documentation explains that html2canvas “builds the screenshot based on the information available on the page.” Unsupported or incompletely supported CSS can therefore render differently from the browser’s painted result. Correct dimensions cannot fix a property that html2canvas cannot reconstruct.
Cross-origin images and frames
Cross-origin images may be skipped unless the server permits CORS or you provide a suitable proxy. Browser security also prevents reading the document inside a cross-origin iframe. The examples include CORS-related configuration; make sure the image response supplies the required permissions and test with same-origin assets first.
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Blank or half-rendered output
- Confirm the selector returns the intended element and that it has non-zero dimensions.
- Wait for fonts, images and application data before measuring.
- Lower
scaleand split very large areas. - For clipped scroll content, set
windowWidthandwindowHeightfromscrollWidthandscrollHeight. - Check browser security and CORS for external images and iframes.
The FAQ’s wording for this failure is “Why is the produced canvas empty or cuts off half way through?” Its remedies are principally size reduction, correct scroll-window dimensions and checking browser-specific canvas limits.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Browser extensions: use a native capture API when appropriate
For extension screenshots, the project FAQ recommends native APIs such as chrome.tabs.captureVisibleTab() and browser.tabs.captureVisibleTab(). They capture the browser’s visible tab rather than reconstructing DOM content and avoid html2canvas’s canvas-size limits. They are a better fit when you need a faithful visible-tab image, while html2canvas remains useful for selecting and rendering DOM regions in ordinary web pages.
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import requests
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Practical decision checklist
- Need a predictable bitmap size? Set
width,heightand an explicitscale. - Need sharper output at the same logical size? Increase
scale, while watching memory. - Need one area only? Add
xandyto the crop dimensions. - Need all scrollable content? Use
scrollWidth/scrollHeightfor the virtual window and verify responsive reflow. - Need the browser’s actual painted pixels or an extension tab capture? Prefer the native extension API or a remote screenshot service.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does html2canvas resize the source element?
No. Its sizing options control the cloned rendering and output canvas; they do not permanently change your page’s CSS layout.
Why are my canvas dimensions larger than width and height?
A scale greater than 1, including the default device-pixel-ratio scale, multiplies the bitmap dimensions. Inspect canvas.width and canvas.height rather than assuming CSS-pixel values.
Can html2canvas capture a cross-origin iframe?
No. Browser security prevents access to a cross-origin iframe document; use same-origin content or a server-side capture approach.
Quick Recap
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