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A free scan shows the junk files, broken settings and background clutter dragging Windows down - then fixes them in one click.Free scan · Windows 10 & 11Control Playwright PDF margins with the four-sided margin option on page.pdf(), or define them in CSS with an @page rule. Use explicit units such as mm, decide which layer owns page size, and avoid conflicting settings. Playwright uses print CSS by default, so your print stylesheet and API options both affect the final whitespace.
Set margins with page.pdf()
The API margin object is the most direct choice when export code should control each PDF. Each side accepts a value with units: px, in, cm, or mm. Unlabeled numbers are interpreted as pixels. Paper margins default to none, and each side defaults to 0.
JavaScript or TypeScript
import { chromium } from 'playwright';
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'networkidle' });
await page.pdf({
path: 'output.pdf',
format: 'A4',
margin: {
top: '20mm',
right: '15mm',
bottom: '20mm',
left: '15mm'
},
printBackground: true
});
await browser.close();Python (async API)
from playwright.async_api import async_playwright
async def main():
async with async_playwright() as p:
browser = await p.chromium.launch()
page = await browser.new_page()
await page.goto("https://example.com", wait_until="networkidle")
await page.pdf(
path="output.pdf",
format="A4",
margin={
"top": "20mm",
"right": "15mm",
"bottom": "20mm",
"left": "15mm",
},
print_background=True,
)
await browser.close()
import asyncio
asyncio.run(main())Use format for a named paper size such as A4 or Letter. If format is supplied, it takes priority over width and height; Letter is the default format. For custom paper, omit format and provide dimensions with units.
Set margins with CSS @page
CSS is preferable when print layout belongs to the document itself and should also work through browser print styles.
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@page {
size: A4;
margin: 20mm 15mm 20mm 15mm;
}
@media print {
body {
margin: 0;
}
}The four-value order is top, right, bottom, left. A single value applies to all sides; two values apply to top/bottom and right/left. CSS2 defines page-level margins, including @page { margin: 2cm } (W3C CSS2, page layout specification).
Choose one authoritative layer
Use the API margin object when
- Different exports need different margins.
- A job or service should enforce margins independently of page markup.
- You want the export function’s settings visible beside the PDF call.
Use @page when
- Designers own print CSS.
- The same rules must apply to browser printing and Playwright.
- Page size and margins are part of a reusable stylesheet.
Both mechanisms can exist, but mixing competing values makes debugging difficult. Keep one source authoritative and verify the produced PDF at the intended paper size.
Make CSS page size win with preferCSSPageSize
If CSS declares the page size and it must outrank API format, width, or height, set preferCSSPageSize: true (Python: prefer_css_page_size=True). The documented default is false; with that default, content is scaled to fit the requested paper size.
await page.pdf({
path: 'invoice.pdf',
format: 'A4',
preferCSSPageSize: true
});await page.pdf(
path="invoice.pdf",
format="A4",
prefer_css_page_size=True,
)Set this only when CSS is the intended owner. Otherwise, omit it and let the API paper setting control the sheet.
Print media, screen media, and backgrounds
page.pdf() generates a PDF using print CSS media by default, as documented by Playwright. Rules inside @media print therefore apply automatically. To render screen styles instead, switch media before exporting:
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await page.emulateMedia({ media: 'screen' });
await page.pdf({ path: 'screen-styled.pdf', format: 'A4' });await page.emulate_media(media="screen")
await page.pdf(path="screen-styled.pdf", format="A4")Backgrounds are not printed unless requested. Set printBackground: true (Python: print_background=True) when colored panels, images, or background fills are part of the design. The API default is false. The scale option defaults to 1 and accepts values from 0.1 to 2; changing it alters apparent whitespace and available content area, so do not use scale to compensate for an incorrect margin.
Remove unwanted default whitespace
- Set all four API margins explicitly to
0if the export should be edge-to-edge. - Reset document margins in print CSS:
@media print { body { margin: 0; } }. - Check component styles for padding on wrappers, headers, and footers.
- Confirm the selected paper size and whether CSS page size is preferred.
- Export again and inspect the PDF’s actual page boundary, not just the browser preview.
await page.pdf({
path: 'no-margins.pdf',
format: 'A4',
margin: { top: '0', right: '0', bottom: '0', left: '0' }
});Zero paper margins do not remove padding inside your HTML. They only remove the PDF paper margin supplied by the API.
Why Playwright adds unexpected whitespace
Two page-size systems are interacting
A CSS @page size combined with preferCSSPageSize: false can produce surprising scaling or whitespace. Playwright issue #34423, opened January 15, 2025 against version 1.49.1, reports extra margins with an @page rule even when zero margins were tried in CSS and in page.pdf(). If CSS sizing is intended, reproduce with preferCSSPageSize: true, then inspect the effective print styles and the selected API size.
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The body has its own margin
Browsers commonly apply a user-agent body margin. Override it in the print stylesheet rather than assuming an API margin of zero will remove it.
Scaling changes the apparent edge
An API format can cause content designed for a different CSS page size to be scaled. Check format, width, height, scale, and preferCSSPageSize together.
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Headers, footers, and positioned elements
Fixed or absolutely positioned elements can look like margins when they reserve space or overlap content. Test with those elements hidden, then restore them with deliberate print-only dimensions.
Units and page-size examples
| Goal | JavaScript setting | Python setting |
|---|---|---|
| A4 with 20 mm top/bottom and 15 mm sides | format: 'A4', margin: {top:'20mm', right:'15mm', bottom:'20mm', left:'15mm'} |
format='A4', margin={'top':'20mm','right':'15mm','bottom':'20mm','left':'15mm'} |
| No API paper margin | margin: {top:'0', right:'0', bottom:'0', left:'0'} |
Same keys and values in the Python dictionary |
| Custom physical size | width: '210mm', height: '297mm' |
width='210mm', height='297mm' |
| CSS controls paper size | preferCSSPageSize: true |
prefer_css_page_size=True |
Prefer physical units for documents that must print consistently. Pixels are valid, but their relationship to physical paper depends on the rendering and conversion context.
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- Wait for the page’s required data and fonts before export; otherwise late layout shifts can change page breaks.
- Use
waitUntil: 'networkidle'only when it matches your application; pages with persistent analytics connections may never become idle. - Specify paper size and all four margins rather than relying on defaults.
- Keep print CSS free of accidental body or wrapper padding.
- Choose print or screen media intentionally.
- Enable backgrounds explicitly when visual fidelity requires them.
- Validate representative pages: first page, a dense middle page, and the final page.
Common errors and fixes
“The margin option has no effect”
Check that you are calling page.pdf() after navigation and that the values include valid units. Then look for internal CSS padding or a wrapper width that creates the apparent margin.
“My CSS margin is ignored”
Confirm the stylesheet is loaded, the rule is @page rather than a normal selector, and that print media is active. If CSS also sets page size, use preferCSSPageSize: true.
“The PDF is the wrong paper size”
When format is present, it outranks width and height. Remove it for custom dimensions, or enable CSS page-size preference when CSS owns sizing.
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“Content is clipped after reducing margins”
Inspect fixed-width elements, tables, and print-only positioning. Reducing paper margins does not make an oversized child fit; adjust the child or use a deliberate scale.
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“Colors or backgrounds disappeared”
Set printBackground: true and check for print CSS that removes backgrounds.
Or skip the browser setup
ScreenshotNeo provides a website screenshot API and MCP server; it is not a replacement when you need Playwright’s local DOM control, but it can produce a PDF from a URL with one request and exposes paper size, margins, landscape mode, and page ranges as options. Cookie and consent banners, newsletter popups, and chat widgets can be removed before capture. Bot checks, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits are not billed, and response headers identify the page verdict and billing status. Its MCP tools let Claude, Cursor, or another MCP client call take_screenshot, get_page_info, and capture_pdf.
See the ScreenshotNeo documentation for request parameters. A one-call image example is:
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://stripe.com -o shot.webpFor PDF output, add the documented PDF and margin parameters to the same request. ScreenshotNeo includes 1,000 shots per month free with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 shots, and every feature is on every plan. Create a free ScreenshotNeo account.
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Can I use both CSS and API margins?
Yes, but choose one as authoritative and make page-size precedence explicit; otherwise scaling and whitespace are difficult to diagnose.
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What is the default Playwright PDF margin?
The documented paper-margin default is none, with each margin side defaulting to 0. HTML body and wrapper styles can still create visible whitespace.
How do I make CSS page size override format?
Define size in @page and set preferCSSPageSize: true in JavaScript or prefer_css_page_size=True in Python.
Does page.pdf() use print styles?
Yes. It uses print CSS media by default; call emulateMedia or emulate_media with screen when screen styles are required.
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The Bottom Line
Use explicit four-sided API margins for export-specific control, or keep margins and page size in @page with preferCSSPageSize when CSS owns print layout. Reset body margins, select media deliberately, and verify paper-size precedence before chasing whitespace.
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