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One free scan finds every outdated or missing driver and matches the right update for your exact hardware.Free scan · exact hardware matchUse page.screenshot() after navigating to a page. Puppeteer writes a PNG by default, can capture the full scrollable document or a clipped rectangle, and can return image bytes or a base64 string instead of creating a file. The examples below target the current Puppeteer Page API reference (version 25.12.0 shown by the official documentation) and are ready to run with modern Node.js.
Install Puppeteer and take your first screenshot
Create a project, install Puppeteer, and run this ES module:
mkdir puppeteer-shots && cd puppeteer-shotsnpm init -ynpm install puppeteer- Add
"type": "module"topackage.json, then save the following asshot.js.
import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshot.png' });
await browser.close();Run node shot.js. The script opens a browser, creates a tab represented by Puppeteer’s Page abstraction, navigates to https://example.com, saves screenshot.png in the current directory, and closes the browser. page.screenshot() captures the page as it is currently rendered, so wait for any application-specific content before calling it.
Choose the capture scope
Viewport screenshot
With no extra options, Puppeteer captures the visible viewport. Set the viewport before navigation when a predictable size matters:
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import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.setViewport({ width: 1440, height: 900, deviceScaleFactor: 1 });
await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'networkidle2' });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'viewport.png' });
await browser.close();networkidle2 waits until network activity is low, but sites with analytics, streams, or polling may never become truly idle. In those cases, wait for a known selector or use a bounded delay instead.
Full-page screenshot
Pass fullPage: true to request the complete scrollable document rather than only the visible viewport:
await page.screenshot({
path: 'full-page.png',
fullPage: true,
});Very tall pages can create large image files or exceed browser memory. For long reports, consider capturing sections with clip, producing a PDF, or reducing the viewport scale.
Capture one rectangle with clip
clip defines a page-coordinate rectangle. The values are CSS pixels measured from the page’s top-left corner:
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await page.screenshot({
path: 'crop.png',
clip: { x: 40, y: 80, width: 640, height: 360 },
});The rectangle must have positive dimensions and fit the rendered page. For a component whose position changes, selecting the element directly is safer than hard-coding coordinates.
Screenshot a single element
Find an element with a selector, then use its bounding box as the clip. This works across Puppeteer versions and lets you validate that the element exists:
const card = await page.$('.pricing-card');
if (!card) throw new Error('Expected .pricing-card was not found');
const box = await card.boundingBox();
if (!box) throw new Error('The element is hidden or has no layout box');
await page.screenshot({
path: 'pricing-card.png',
clip: box,
});If the element is below the fold, scroll it into view first. A fixed header, animation, or lazy-loaded image can also change the box between measurement and capture; disable motion or measure immediately before the screenshot.
Control PNG, JPEG, quality, and background
| Goal | Options | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Default lossless image | { path: 'shot.png' } |
PNG; quality does not apply. |
| Smaller photographic file | type: 'jpeg', quality: 82 |
JPEG with quality from 0 to 100. |
| Transparent page background | omitBackground: true |
Default white background is omitted where transparency is supported. |
| High-density rendering | page.setViewport({ deviceScaleFactor: 2 }) |
Retina-style pixels; output dimensions and file size increase. |
await page.screenshot({
path: 'page.jpg',
type: 'jpeg',
quality: 82,
});
await page.screenshot({
path: 'transparent.png',
omitBackground: true,
});PNG is the default type. JPEG quality is a 0–100 setting and is ignored for PNG. Use PNG for text, diagrams, and transparency; use JPEG when a lossy, usually smaller file is acceptable.
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Return bytes or base64 instead of saving a file
Omit path to keep the image in memory. The binary form is a Uint8Array; requesting base64 returns a string:
const bytes = await page.screenshot();
console.log(bytes instanceof Uint8Array, bytes.length);
const base64 = await page.screenshot({ encoding: 'base64' });
const dataUrl = `data:image/png;base64,${base64}`;Convert the bytes to a Node.js Buffer when an API or file-system library expects one:
const bytes = await page.screenshot({ type: 'png' });
const buffer = Buffer.from(bytes);
await import('node:fs/promises').then(fs => fs.writeFile('from-buffer.png', buffer));Base64 increases payload size and memory use. Prefer bytes for uploads, and stream or write to disk when screenshots are large.
Reliable timing for real websites
Wait for a selector
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.waitForSelector('.hero-chart', { visible: true });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'chart.png' });Wait for a bounded delay
await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 1500));
await page.screenshot({ path: 'after-delay.png' });A selector expresses a useful condition; a delay is a fallback for animations or third-party widgets. Use both only when necessary, and keep delays bounded so failed pages do not stall a job indefinitely.
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Disable animation before capture
await page.addStyleTag({
content: `*, *::before, *::after {
animation: none !important;
transition: none !important;
caret-color: transparent !important;
}`,
});
await page.screenshot({ path: 'stable.png' });Useful rendering patterns
Mobile or desktop dimensions
await page.setViewport({
width: 390,
height: 844,
deviceScaleFactor: 2,
isMobile: true,
hasTouch: true,
});Viewport emulation changes layout; it does not guarantee that every browser API behaves exactly like a physical phone.
Hide an obstructing element
await page.addStyleTag({
content: '.cookie-banner, .chat-widget { display: none !important; }',
});
await page.screenshot({ path: 'without-overlays.png' });Click before capture
await page.click('[aria-expanded="false"]');
await page.waitForSelector('.menu-panel', { visible: true });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'open-menu.png' });Use stable accessibility attributes or test IDs when available. A text selector tied to changing copy is more fragile.
Capture a page after authentication
await page.setCookie({
name: 'session',
value: process.env.SESSION_COOKIE,
domain: 'example.com',
path: '/',
secure: true,
});
await page.goto('https://example.com/account');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'account.png' });Keep credentials in environment variables or a secret manager, never in source control. Respect the site’s access rules and privacy requirements.
One script that selects PNG, JPEG, full-page, or an element
import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
try {
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.setViewport({ width: 1365, height: 900, deviceScaleFactor: 1 });
await page.goto(process.env.TARGET_URL ?? 'https://example.com', {
waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
timeout: 45_000,
});
await page.waitForSelector('body', { visible: true, timeout: 15_000 });
const selector = process.env.SELECTOR;
const options = {
path: process.env.OUTPUT ?? 'screenshot.png',
type: process.env.TYPE === 'jpeg' ? 'jpeg' : 'png',
...(process.env.TYPE === 'jpeg' ? { quality: 82 } : {}),
...(process.env.FULL_PAGE === 'true' ? { fullPage: true } : {}),
};
if (selector) {
const element = await page.$(selector);
if (!element) throw new Error(`Selector not found: ${selector}`);
const box = await element.boundingBox();
if (!box) throw new Error('Selected element has no visible layout box');
options.clip = box;
delete options.fullPage;
}
await page.screenshot(options);
} finally {
await browser.close();
}Example: TARGET_URL=https://example.com FULL_PAGE=true node shot.js. For a component, set SELECTOR=.hero; an element clip and full-page mode are mutually exclusive in this script.
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Troubleshooting Puppeteer screenshots
- “Cannot find package puppeteer.” Run
npm install puppeteerin the same project and execute the script from that directory. - Browser fails to launch in CI or Docker. Install the OS libraries required by the bundled Chromium, use a compatible container image, and inspect the launch error. Do not add
--no-sandboxunless your isolated environment specifically requires it and you understand the security trade-off. - Screenshot is blank or missing content. Navigate with an appropriate
waitUntil, then wait for the application’s content selector. Check console errors and network failures. - Cookie dialog, chat bubble, or ad covers the page. Click the consent control or hide the known selector with CSS before capture.
- Full-page image is truncated. Confirm the page has finished lazy-loading, scroll through content if the site loads on intersection, and try a current Puppeteer release. Extremely tall documents may exceed practical image limits.
- Element clip throws or is empty. Verify the selector, wait for visibility, call
scrollIntoView, and re-readboundingBox()immediately before capture. - JPEG has no quality change. Ensure
type: 'jpeg'; quality is not applicable to PNG. - Different results on repeated runs. Fix viewport and device scale, disable animation, set a deterministic timezone or locale where relevant, and wait for fonts and images.
- Navigation times out. Increase the timeout only when justified, use
domcontentloadedinstead of network idle for pages with persistent connections, and log the URL and failure stage.
Performance, reliability, and cost considerations
- Reuse one browser process for multiple pages, but close each page and browser in a
finallyblock so failures do not leak Chromium processes. - Use viewport captures or element clips when a full document is unnecessary; they consume less memory and produce smaller files.
- Set explicit navigation and selector timeouts. A timeout is safer than an unbounded worker that holds a queue slot forever.
- Cache deterministic screenshots by URL, viewport, and relevant state. Do not cache pages containing private or rapidly changing data without a clear retention policy.
- Run concurrent captures conservatively. Each page uses CPU and memory, and high concurrency can cause slow rendering or out-of-memory crashes.
- Record the URL, viewport, options, Puppeteer version, elapsed time, and error category. This makes visual differences diagnosable rather than mysterious.
Or skip the browser setup
ScreenshotNeo provides a GET-based screenshot API when you do not want to maintain Chromium, navigation waits, cookie handling, or image-storage code. It removes cookie/consent banners, newsletter popups, and chat widgets before capture; bot checks, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits are not billed, and response headers report the page verdict and billing status. Its MCP server exposes take_screenshot, get_page_info, and capture_pdf for Claude, Cursor, and other MCP clients.
For the complete option list and parameter names, see the ScreenshotNeo API documentation. A one-call WebP capture:
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://stripe.com -o shot.webpThe same request in Python:
import requests
r = requests.get("https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot", params={"access_key": "YOUR_API_KEY", "url": "https://stripe.com"}, timeout=90)
open("shot.webp", "wb").write(r.content)And Node.js:
const q = new URLSearchParams({ access_key: 'YOUR_API_KEY', url: 'https://stripe.com' });
const res = await fetch(`https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot?${q}`);
ScreenshotNeo supports full-page and element captures, dark mode, device presets or custom viewports, retina scale, PDF output, custom CSS and JavaScript, clicks, waits, request blocking, headers, cookies, user agents, authorization, timezone, geolocation, transparent backgrounds, resizing, chosen cache TTLs, signed links, asynchronous webhooks, bulk capture of up to 100 URLs per call, usage reporting, and an OpenAPI specification. Every feature is available on every plan. The Free plan includes 1,000 shots per month with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 shots. Create a free ScreenshotNeo account.
Quick decision guide
| Need | Best Puppeteer option |
|---|---|
| Visible browser area | page.screenshot({ path }) |
| Entire scrollable page | fullPage: true |
| One component | Measure the element and pass its boundingBox() as clip |
| Small photographic file | JPEG with an explicit quality |
| Upload without disk I/O | Omit path and use the returned Uint8Array |
| Automation without browser infrastructure | ScreenshotNeo’s API or MCP server |
Frequently Asked Questions
Does Puppeteer screenshot include browser chrome or the operating-system window frame?
No. It captures the rendered web page inside the tab, not the surrounding browser application or desktop.
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1Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minute2Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors3Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesCan I combine fullPage and clip in one screenshot call?
Treat them as alternative capture scopes: fullPage requests the document, while clip requests a rectangle. Choose one, or make separate calls.
Why is my screenshot different from what I see manually?
Automated viewport dimensions, device scale, timing, cookies, fonts, animations, locale, and logged-in state can differ from your interactive browser session. Make those inputs explicit and wait for the same content condition.
Quick Recap
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