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To convert a string to a path in Python, pass it to pathlib.Path: from pathlib import Path, then path = Path("some/folder/file.txt"). This creates a platform-aware path object; it does not check whether the file exists.

Convert the string with pathlib.Path

For paths you intend to use with the local filesystem, import Path from pathlib and construct an object from the string:

from pathlib import Path

path = Path("some/folder/file.txt")

Path selects the concrete path class appropriate to the operating system running Python. The Python 3.14.7 documentation recommends it for the usual case: “If you’ve never used this module before or just aren’t sure which class is right for you, Path is most likely what you need.” See Python’s pathlib documentation.

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What the conversion returns

Path(...) returns a path object, not a plain string. Path objects implement Python’s os.PathLike protocol, so they can be passed directly to APIs that accept path-like values. If a particular API explicitly requires a string, convert the object with str(). Use os.fspath() to request its filesystem representation through the path protocol:

import os
from pathlib import Path

path = Path("some/folder/file.txt")
plain_string = str(path)
filesystem_string = os.fspath(path)

The resulting string uses the native path separators for the platform. See the pathlib documentation.

Choose the right path type

  • Path: Use for ordinary paths to the local filesystem. It is platform-aware and provides filesystem I/O operations.
  • PurePath: Use when you need to manipulate path syntax without performing filesystem I/O. It uses the path flavor of the current system.
  • PureWindowsPath and PurePosixPath: Use when manipulating Windows- or POSIX-style path syntax regardless of the operating system running Python. A concrete WindowsPath cannot be instantiated on a non-Windows system.
  • os.path: Use when you want string-oriented path functions or are working in code that already uses this module. It accepts strings, bytes, and path-like objects; its default implementation follows the host operating system.

For details on concrete and pure paths, see pathlib; for os.path, see the Python 3.14.8 documentation.

Append path segments without losing track of the base

With pathlib, use the / operator or joinpath() to append segments:

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from pathlib import Path

base = Path("data")
file_path = base / "input.csv"

Be aware that an absolute later segment can replace the earlier path rather than remain beneath it. Windows rooted-relative segments also have drive-specific behavior. If any segment comes from external or unexpected input, validate the resulting path against your application’s security and containment requirements; joining paths alone does not guarantee that the result stays within a trusted directory. See pathlib’s path-composition guidance.

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Path construction is not an existence check

Creating a Path object only represents a path; it does not establish that a file or directory exists. If existence matters, check it explicitly, for example with path.exists(). Call resolve() when you intend to resolve or canonicalize the path, not as a substitute for construction: resolution can depend on filesystem state and platform-specific symbolic-link behavior. See pathlib’s filesystem operations documentation.

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