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For a Freqtrade bot installed directly on Linux, systemd is the stronger default: Freqtrade documents a user service and an optional sd_notify-based watchdog that can report bot state. A custom “zero-dependency watchdog” is an operator-written alternative, not a Freqtrade feature; its usefulness depends on exactly what it checks and how it restarts the process. If Freqtrade runs in Docker, its documented sd_notify communication with systemd will not work inside the container.
Choose based on how Freqtrade is deployed
Freqtrade’s installation guide lists Docker and a terminal multiplexer as ways to keep a bot from stopping when you log out, and presents systemd as an optional Linux post-installation task. These solve different operational needs: a systemd service is a host service manager for a directly running process, while a small watchdog script is a custom supervisor whose behavior you must define. Docker is a separate deployment boundary, not a way to make Freqtrade’s documented systemd notifications work inside a container. Freqtrade installation guide
- Direct Linux installation: Start with the documented systemd user service. Add Freqtrade’s notification support if you want systemd to receive application state and keep-alive signals.
- Docker deployment: Do not rely on the documented Freqtrade-to-systemd
sd_notifypath; the project says it will not work when the bot runs in a Docker container. - Minimal custom supervisor: Use one only when you understand its limits and can state what it considers a failure, what it restarts, and how it handles repeated failures.
What systemd provides for a direct Linux install
Install and start the user service
Freqtrade’s advanced setup guide instructs you to copy its freqtrade.service file into the systemd user-unit directory, usually ~/.config/systemd/user, then adapt WorkingDirectory and ExecStart to your installation. Start it with:
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systemctl --user start freqtrade
The service file must point to the intended Freqtrade working directory and launch command. Check the unit shipped with the version you actually run rather than assuming an example unit is unchanged across versions. On some systems, including Raspbian, user-directory units may not load; Freqtrade notes that placing the unit under /etc/systemd/user/ may be necessary. Freqtrade advanced post-installation tasks
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Keep a user service alive after logout
A user service may otherwise be tied to the user’s login session. Freqtrade’s guide says to enable linger for the account if the service must persist after logout:
sudo loginctl enable-linger "$USER"
This addresses logout persistence; it does not by itself establish that the service starts correctly after every host failure or that the bot can communicate with an exchange.
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Add application-aware notification
Freqtrade can send systemd keep-alive pings and report whether its state is Running, Paused, or Stopped. Enable this with internals.sd_notify set to true or by launching with --sd-notify, then use the project’s freqtrade.service.watchdog example as a starting point. Freqtrade describes systemd as a software watchdog that can monitor bot state and restart it when failures occur. The exact unit and configuration should be checked against the deployed Freqtrade version. Freqtrade’s systemd and watchdog guidance
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What a custom zero-dependency watchdog can—and cannot—do
“Zero-dependency watchdog” is not a documented Freqtrade feature in the project guidance cited here. It usually means an operator-authored loop or lightweight supervisor, but the label alone says nothing about reliability. Before relying on one, specify its behavior:
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- Health check: Does it only test whether a process exists, test application responsiveness, or check some other signal? A process that exists is not necessarily responsive or connected to an exchange.
- Polling interval: How often does it check, and how long can a failure go unnoticed?
- Restart target: Does it restart the intended Freqtrade process, and can it accidentally start a second instance?
- Failure limits: Does it pause or stop after repeated failed restarts, or retry indefinitely?
- Logging and alerts: Where are check results and restart attempts recorded, and how would an operator learn about a persistent failure?
- Boot and shutdown behavior: What starts the watchdog after a reboot, and how does it terminate the bot cleanly when the host shuts down?
A shell loop that checks only process existence may be easy to understand, but it cannot establish that Freqtrade is healthy, can reach an exchange, or is handling its work correctly. Do not assume a minimal script can detect a hung process, handle signals cleanly, prevent duplicate instances, or survive a host reboot unless its implementation explicitly demonstrates those behaviors.
Systemd or a custom watchdog?
| Decision point | Systemd with Freqtrade notification | Custom watchdog |
|---|---|---|
| Deployment fit | Documented for a direct Linux service; Freqtrade’s sd_notify path does not work when the bot runs in Docker. |
Depends on how it is launched and what the script supervises; Docker behavior must be designed separately. |
| Health signal | Can receive Freqtrade keep-alive pings and Running, Paused, or Stopped state when notification is enabled. | Whatever the operator implements; a process check alone is not application health. |
| Restart policy | Configured in the systemd unit; use the project example and verify it against the deployed version. | Must be written and tested by the operator, including limits for repeated failures. |
| Logout persistence | For a user service, Freqtrade documents enabling linger with sudo loginctl enable-linger "$USER". |
Depends on how the watchdog itself is launched and kept running. |
| Logs and alerting | Inspect the unit’s service logs and configure any alerting needed for your operation. | Must be implemented; a restart message is useful only if it is recorded somewhere accessible. |
| Setup and maintenance | Requires adapting the service paths and command, then maintaining a systemd unit. | May be small, but the operator owns its correctness, edge cases, and recovery behavior. |
This is a design comparison, not a published head-to-head reliability test. Freqtrade’s documentation provides no measured uptime or comparative restart-success figure for these approaches.
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Persistent state is not the same as guaranteed recovery
Freqtrade’s advanced guide says its SQLite database stores information such as past trades and current positions, helping the bot track ongoing activity if the process restarts or terminates unexpectedly. That persistence is useful, but it does not mean a supervisor prevents losses, repairs invalid configuration, restores exchange connectivity, or guarantees that every in-flight operation recovers as intended. Freqtrade database and persistence guidance
Practical recommendation
For a directly installed Linux bot, use the documented systemd user service, enable linger if it must continue after logout, and consider sd_notify when you want application state to inform supervision. For Docker, do not treat that notification setup as available inside the container. Choose a custom watchdog only when its health check and failure policy solve a specific gap you can explain and monitor. Neither approach guarantees uninterrupted trading or exchange access.
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