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To identify the module where a Windows 0xC0000005 access violation occurred, open the user-mode crash dump in WinDbg and run !analyze -v, .exr -1, .ecxr, and k. The instruction pointer at the restored exception context identifies the crash site and the loaded module containing it. That module is a starting point for diagnosis—not proof that it caused the underlying problem.
What 0xC0000005 tells you
0xC0000005 is an access violation: an application tried to read, write, or execute an invalid memory address. The exception record identifies the attempted operation and the address involved; it does not necessarily identify which component first made the memory invalid. Microsoft explains the exception parameters and debugger workflow in its Access Violation C0000005 episode.
- Read: exception parameter 0 is
0. - Write: exception parameter 0 is
1. - Execute: exception parameter 0 is
8. - Address: exception parameter 1 is the address involved in the attempted access.
These values describe what failed. They do not, by themselves, establish whether the problem was a null or invalid pointer, memory corruption, use-after-free, or another defect.
Find the crash site in WinDbg
1. Open the user-mode dump
In WinDbg, select File > Open crash dump, or start the debugger with a dump path, for example windbg -z <DumpFileName>. See Microsoft’s Open a Dump File with WinDbg guidance for additional options.
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If you only have an Event Viewer or Windows Error Reporting record, note the exception code, fault offset, application and module paths, and module version. Treat those fields as leads: a dump provides the exception context and stack needed to check them.
2. Get the debugger’s summary
!analyze -v!analyze summarizes the current exception or bug check, and -v requests verbose output. Record the exception code, process and thread, exception address, and any module and offset the output reports. Microsoft’s !analyze (WinDbg) reference documents the command. Do not treat a “Probably caused by” line or a faulting-module label as a final diagnosis.
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3. Restore the exception context and inspect the stack
Run these commands in order:
.exr -1
.ecxr
k.exr -1displays the most recent exception record, including the access type and address..ecxrrestores the register context from the exception.kdisplays the call stack at that context.
These commands are also covered in Microsoft’s access violation guidance and Defrag Tools crash-dump walkthrough.
4. Match the instruction pointer to a module
After .ecxr, inspect the instruction pointer and the instruction at that address. Use the debugger’s module information to determine which loaded module contains the instruction pointer. That module is the faulting module at the crash site.
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Interpret the instruction in light of the exception type: for a read, determine what memory expression it reads; for a write, identify the destination; for an execute violation, inspect the attempted target address. Then use the stack frames around the fault and resolved symbols to understand how execution reached the instruction. A module name alone cannot show who supplied or corrupted the invalid value.
Separate the faulting module from the likely cause
Microsoft warns that heavily used Windows modules, including ntdll.dll, kernel32.dll, and kernelbase.dll, may appear as the faulting module even when another component caused earlier memory corruption. Its application or service crash troubleshooting guidance explains this caveat.
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| Evidence | What it establishes | What it does not establish alone |
|---|---|---|
| Faulting module | The module containing the instruction where the exception occurred. | That this module introduced the defect. |
| Exception record and instruction | The operation attempted and the address involved, interpreted at the restored context. | Which earlier component made the address invalid. |
| Stack and symbols | Calls visible around the fault, with better function detail when matching symbols are available. | A complete causal history if relevant frames, memory, or symbols are missing. |
| Reproduction or earlier corruption evidence | Can support or refute a causal hypothesis when combined with the dump. | A conclusion from the module name by itself. |
Report the faulting module, operation and address, and likely cause as separate findings. If a third-party module appears at the fault site, preserve the dump and version information for that component’s vendor. For a Microsoft process, Microsoft advises contacting Support where appropriate after collecting diagnostic data.
Check symbols and dump coverage
Use symbols that match the Windows version represented in the dump, and obtain symbols for the application or service when possible. Public Windows symbols can improve system stack resolution; private application symbols may be required for source-level names. Without matching symbols, module names may still be visible while function names, source lines, or stack interpretation remain incomplete. Microsoft’s Analyzing a User-Mode Dump File documentation covers dump analysis and symbol considerations.
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A minidump contains substantially less memory than a full dump. Commands that need omitted memory may fail, and the dump may not contain enough evidence to answer the question. Microsoft’s small memory dump guidance describes these limits. If needed evidence is absent, collect a fuller dump or reproduce the issue under a debugger rather than inferring a cause from incomplete output.
Collect a dump if one does not exist
Configure Windows Error Reporting LocalDumps
Microsoft’s crash troubleshooting guidance documents per-executable Windows Error Reporting LocalDumps settings, including the dump folder, number of dumps to retain, and dump type. Its example uses DumpType 2 for a full dump and retains up to ten dumps; those are example settings, not universal requirements. Follow the documented registry path and value names for the affected executable in the LocalDumps instructions.
Investigate suspected heap corruption
The same Microsoft guidance describes GFlags page heap for heap-corruption investigation. Restart the process after enabling the flag for it to take effect. When collection is complete, remove the per-process LocalDumps registry key and turn off page heap as described in the guidance. Microsoft’s Defrag Tools crash-dump episode also demonstrates ProcDump as a collection utility.
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Use the module name as a lead, not a verdict
The reliable answer to “which module crashed?” is the module containing the instruction pointer at the access violation’s restored exception context. Use !analyze -v for orientation, verify the exception with .exr -1, restore the context with .ecxr, and inspect the stack with k. Then weigh the operation, address, stack, symbols, dump coverage, and reproducibility before assigning a cause.
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