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Toyota’s Land Cruiser used the 1PZ, a five-cylinder diesel, in 70- and 80-series models from 1990. A second engine is often linked to certain European BJ73 Land Cruiser II versions: the VM Motori HR588. Toyota’s published history confirms the 1PZ, but the HR588 installation is not established by the Toyota sources cited here, so it should be treated as a reported, market-specific fitment rather than a confirmed part of Toyota’s global lineup.
The confirmed Toyota inline-five: 1PZ
Toyota identifies the 1PZ as its first five-cylinder diesel and says it was installed in Land Cruiser 70- and 80-series vehicles from 1990. The engine was developed alongside the six-cylinder 1HZ as part of a related engine series, with many parts and production methods in common. Shared engineering does not mean the engines are interchangeable. Toyota’s 1PZ engine history and its technical overview of the PZ inline-five document the engine’s place in Toyota’s lineup.
The cited Toyota history does not state the 1PZ’s displacement or output, so figures for those specifications should not be inferred from the related 1HZ.
The reported second engine: VM Motori HR588
Secondary references associate the VM Motori HR588, described as a 2.5-liter five-cylinder turbodiesel, with limited European-market BJ73 Land Cruiser II applications. The Toyota material cited for this article does not verify that installation, its dates, or the exact markets involved. Accordingly, the HR588 is a plausible answer to the “two different inline-five diesels” claim, but it is not confirmed here as a factory Land Cruiser fitment.
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To establish a particular vehicle’s original engine, look for a period brochure or official specification for that market and chassis, or a specialist reference that identifies its supporting documentation. Do not apply the HR588 claim to every BJ73, every Land Cruiser II, or Land Cruisers generally.
How the five-cylinder engines differ from familiar Land Cruiser diesels
The 1PZ is easy to confuse with Toyota’s 1HZ because the two were developed as a related series. But the 1HZ is a six-cylinder engine, as is the 1HD-T listed in Toyota’s representative 80-series specifications. Toyota gives both engines a displacement of 4,163 cm³ for the cited grades; neither is an inline-five. Toyota’s Land Cruiser 80 specifications distinguish those six-cylinder engines from the 1PZ.
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| Engine | What the cited sources establish | Fitment and confidence |
|---|---|---|
| 1PZ | Toyota five-cylinder diesel; displacement and output are not stated in the cited 1PZ history. | Toyota says it appeared in Land Cruiser 70 and 80 models from 1990. |
| VM Motori HR588 | Secondary references describe a 2.5-liter five-cylinder turbodiesel. | Reported for limited European BJ73 applications; the cited Toyota sources do not verify the fitment, dates, or precise markets. |
| 1HZ | Toyota six-cylinder diesel; 4,163 cm³ in representative 80-series grades. | Not an inline-five. |
| 1HD-T | Toyota six-cylinder turbo diesel; 4,163 cm³ in representative 80-series grades. | Not an inline-five. |
Why Land Cruiser engine claims need a market caveat
There was no single engine lineup shared by every Land Cruiser worldwide. Toyota describes the 70 Series as having four-, five-, and six-cylinder engines, and says overseas production continued after Japanese sales ended in 2004. Availability therefore depends on the particular model, vehicle code, market, and year—not just the Land Cruiser name. Toyota UK’s Land Cruiser history provides that broader context.
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