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Caleb Kraft is developing an open-source sip-and-puff gaming controller that maps mouth-based sips and puffs to game inputs. It is a DIY prototype in active development—not a released, player-validated product—and its roughly $40 component estimate does not represent a complete build cost.
How the controller works
The device uses pressure sensors to detect sip and puff actions, then maps those inputs to game controls. The Controller Project describes six sensors providing twelve inputs, with configurable mappings and behavior options. That could let a player assign mouth actions to controls that would otherwise require different physical inputs; the precise setup depends on the game and the configuration.
According to the project page, listed software features include eight game-profile slots, adjustable sensitivity, standard, repeating, and latch behaviors, recalibration through a web interface, and an input-status screen. These are project-page feature descriptions, not a guarantee that every function has been fully tested: the page says implemented software features are not completely checked for bugs.
What parts it uses—and what the estimate covers
The project’s August 25 parts list names the following components:
#1 Best Overall
- Ultra-Sensitive Activation: Requires just 0.4 ounces of force, making it ideal for users with extremely limited strength or range of motion.
- Compact and Precise: Features a small activation surface designed for precise control in tight spaces or specific positioning needs.
- Durable and High-Quality Build: Constructed with robust materials to ensure reliable performance in various settings, including classrooms and therapy sessions.
- Flexible Mounting Options: Includes threaded insert for easy mounting on various surfaces or adaptive equipment.
- Compatible with Assistive Devices: Works seamlessly with communication aids and adaptive technologies, supporting independence and accessibility.
- Six pressure sensors
- One ESP32-S3 development board
- An ESP prototyping board
- A thumbstick
- A round GC9A01 display
- 3 mm silicone tubing
- M3 socket-head screws and M2 self-tapping screws
Caleb Kraft, founder of The Controller Project, told Make: that the build currently costs roughly $40 in off-the-shelf components. That is his estimate for components, not an independently verified total. It does not establish the cost of tools, enclosure printing, assembly, shipping, or later revisions. The ESP32-S3 is one part of the DIY device, not a complete controller.
Is it ready to use?
No. Make: described the prototype in August 2026 as “usable but untested,” quoting Kraft, who said it had not yet been tested with a gamer. The project’s own page says it is in active development, with features still being added. It also cautions that the listed Arduino code is an old version that needs updating, so the page should not be treated as a current, novice-ready build guide.
Rank #2
- Large Activation Surface - The Big Red Switch features a generous 5-inch activation surface, making it easy to access for individuals with varying abilities.
- Tactile and Auditory Feedback - Users will appreciate the tactile and auditory feedback provided upon activation, enhancing the overall user experience.
- Ideal for Visual Impairments - This switch is a top choice for individuals with visual impairments, thanks to its larger target area, improving accuracy.
- Interchangeable Switch Tops - Included in the package are red, blue, yellow, and green interchangeable switch tops, allowing for customization to suit user preferences.
- Symbol Holder Included - The Switch button also comes with a snap-on clear symbol holder, making it versatile for various applications and users.
Before attempting a build, check the project page for the latest instructions and code, and verify component availability and compatibility in the linked listings. A web-loadable binary is also linked there, but its presence does not establish that the overall build process is current or validated.
What still needs development
Kraft identified several open design questions in the Make: report:
Rank #3
- Now with bend-and-stay wire, 6 foot extension cable, and reinforced design for greater durability and versatility.
- Provides momentary switch action for any device that accepts a 1/8" stereo input.
- Works with the AirTurn DIGIT500 for wireless control of iOS, MAC, Android, or Windows devices.
- Compatible with the Xbox Adaptive Controller.
- For use with headsets and Smart glasses.
- Enclosure and wiring: Assembly and wiring inside the shell still need attention.
- Thumbstick ergonomics: It is not yet clear whether a standard thumbstick is suitable for control by mouth movements.
- Sensor durability: Long-term reliability has not been established.
The project page separates current feature descriptions from future work. A joystick, physical recalibration and profile buttons, Bluetooth, and capacitive-touch outputs are listed as planned or longer-term items, not as implemented capabilities.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.How to assess it against other options
The sources establish the status and parts of this prototype, but do not provide enough current information for a reliable product-by-product comparison with commercial alternatives. When evaluating any sip-and-puff controller, consider:
Rank #4
- Compact and Colorful Design: The AbleNet Jelly Bean switch is a compact and vibrant switch device available in multiple colors, making it visually appealing and engaging for users of all ages.
- Easy Activation: With its low-profile design and large activation surface, the Jelly Bean switch offers effortless activation for individuals with limited motor control or dexterity, promoting independence and accessibility.
- Versatile Mounting Options: The switch is compatible with a variety of mounting options, such as tabletops, wheelchair arms, or assistive technology devices, providing flexibility and customization to suit individual needs and preferences.
- Durable and Long-lasting: Constructed with durability in mind, the Jelly Bean switch is built to withstand regular use and is resistant to wear and tear, ensuring reliable performance over time.
- Compatible with Assistive Technology: The Jelly Bean switch can be easily integrated with a wide range of assistive technology devices, such as communication aids, environmental control systems, or computer access solutions, expanding its functionality and usability.
- Whether it has been tested with players and is ready to use
- Which inputs and configuration options it supports now
- Compatibility with the games and platforms you use
- Mounting, mouthpiece positioning, and ergonomics
- Who can help with setup, repairs, and maintenance
- Total delivered cost, including accessories and any required assembly
Make: notes that other sip-and-puff controllers exist and points readers to accessiblegamecontrollers.com as the project develops. The Controller Project says it has supplied controller modifications to disabled gamers for more than a decade; that organizational experience does not by itself establish that this new prototype has been validated with players.
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Best Value
- Versatile Switch Interface: The AbleNet Powerlink4 offers a comprehensive solution for controlling a variety of devices and applications.
- Easy Programming: With user-friendly software, the Powerlink4 allows for effortless customization of switch actions to suit individual needs and preferences.
- Expanded Control Options: Capable of accommodating up to four switches, this interface provides enhanced accessibility and flexibility for individuals with diverse abilities.
- Broad Compatibility: Seamlessly works with a wide range of devices including computers, tablets, communication aids, and environmental control systems, ensuring extensive usability.
- Empowering Independence: By enabling switch control, the Powerlink4 empowers individuals with physical disabilities to take charge, fostering independence and active engagement.
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