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Do not open, download, request, forward, post or discuss the alleged paper. Tell your teacher or exams officer promptly, report only what you already know, and follow the instructions of your school and awarding organisation. Do not assume the document is genuine or that the exam will be cancelled: the awarding organisation must investigate and decide how to protect the assessment.
The procedure below is based mainly on England and UK awarding-body guidance. Rules, contacts and possible outcomes vary by country, qualification and exam board.
The safest response is to stop the spread and report what you know
An online post, screenshot or private message is only an allegation until the exam board verifies it. Looking for the alleged paper can create a malpractice issue even if it turns out to be fake. Ofqual’s 2026 student guidance says alleged leaked papers are probably fake and that attempting to look at them can itself be considered malpractice.
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- Do not save, screenshot, repost or debate the contents in a group chat, forum or social-media thread.
- Do not try to authenticate the questions by comparing them with revision materials or asking other students.
- Contact an official person quickly, preferably your teacher or exams officer.
Your role is to alert the people who can assess the claim, not to conduct an investigation yourself.
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If you have only seen a claim or message
Record the basic circumstances without gathering more material
Tell the teacher or exams officer what you already encountered: the subject, exam board if known, scheduled exam date, where the claim appeared and who shared it, if that information is already visible to you. Ofqual’s England reporting guidance asks for relevant details and supporting evidence but specifically discourages collecting further information. That means you should not join a channel, request the file or search for additional copies just to strengthen a report.
Stop engaging with the sender
Do not challenge the sender, bargain for a copy or warn a large group. Continued discussion increases the audience and can make it harder for the school or board to determine what happened. If a teacher asks for a link or message that is already in your possession, use the school’s instructed method rather than forwarding it to classmates.
If someone has already sent you a file or image
Do not forward or inspect it
Stop opening the attachment and do not scroll through it to see whether it looks authentic. Do not make another copy, remove identifying information or post it as “proof.” Tell the exams officer that a file or image was sent to you and explain when and how you received it.
Follow handling instructions
The school or awarding organisation may tell you whether to retain the message, provide it through a secure channel or delete it. Follow that instruction rather than making your own evidence archive. If you are worried about confidentiality, ask the official reporting channel how it handles material and personal details.
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Choose the right reporting route
| Situation | First contact | Information to give | Important limitation |
|---|---|---|---|
| You are a student at a school or college | Your teacher or exams officer | Subject, board if known, exam date, where you saw the claim and any sender details already known | Do not seek further copies or investigate the claim yourself |
| The school route is unavailable, inappropriate or a staff member may be involved | The head of centre or the awarding organisation directly | The same facts, plus why the normal route cannot be used | Use the board’s current official reporting instructions |
| Concern about an awarding organisation regulated in England | The awarding organisation; Ofqual’s concern-reporting route may also apply | Relevant facts about the organisation or qualification and supporting information already held | Ofqual’s route is not a substitute for the board’s operational investigation |
| Cambridge International assessment | Cambridge International’s specified early-sharing or leak-source form, or your centre’s exams officer | Details requested by the form and the material already received | Confidentiality is handled sensitively, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed in every circumstance |
In England, schools and colleges must report potential malpractice to the relevant awarding organisation. OCR tells students to speak to a teacher or exams officer and warns against circulating exam rumours or failing to report them. Cambridge International provides specific forms for a paper shared early and for information about a leak source. Check the current official instructions for your board because contact arrangements can change.
A practical reporting sequence
- Stop. Close the post or message. Do not click further, download, copy or forward it.
- Identify the minimum facts. Note the subject, planned exam date, board if known, platform or location where you encountered the claim, and the identity of a sender only if it is already apparent.
- Tell an official at once. Speak to your teacher or exams officer in person or use the school’s established safeguarding or examination contact route.
- Describe, do not speculate. Say what you saw or received, when you saw it and what you did next. Do not state that the paper is genuine unless the board has confirmed that.
- Provide existing material only as directed. If the officer asks for the original message or file, use the secure method they specify. Do not create new copies or send it to other students.
- Follow further instructions and keep the matter private. The school or board may need to ask questions, preserve information or change arrangements. Do not announce possible action before it is officially communicated.
When the exam is imminent or a staff member may be involved
Escalate immediately to the exams officer or head of centre if the test is soon, if you believe a member of staff supplied material, or if the normal contact is unavailable. Explain the urgency and the reason you cannot use the ordinary route. If necessary, contact the awarding organisation directly using its current official channel.
Do not wait for classmates to agree that the claim is credible. A short factual report gives the centre and board time to secure remaining papers, identify who may have seen the material and protect later assessments.
What the awarding organisation may do after a report
The board may investigate whether the material is authentic, how it became accessible, who may have seen it and whether any assessment or students were affected. Ofqual’s 2025 delivery report says: “When there is the potential that the content of a question paper has been leaked prior to the exam, Ofqual expects AOs to identify and investigate the breaches quickly and take steps to prevent the material from being shared.”
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Possible investigative steps include tracing the source, reviewing access and delivery records, assessing the number of exposed candidates, protecting papers for later sessions and analysing marking for signs of an impact. Ofqual expects awarding organisations to consider extra security controls for remaining exams and to examine possible disadvantage. Where students or centre staff are found to have committed malpractice, the board must consider appropriate sanctions under its rules.
Those are response expectations, not a promise of a particular outcome. The board’s decision depends on the evidence, the qualification and the jurisdiction.
Will the exam be cancelled or will results change?
No. A suspected leak does not automatically cancel an exam, trigger a replacement paper or change every candidate’s grade. The awarding organisation decides whether the paper can still be used, whether another version or security measure is needed, and whether any adjustment is justified after investigating the potential disadvantage.
Do not promise classmates that they will receive a new paper, a mark increase or an automatic resit. Do not assume that an apparently genuine document means the entire series is compromised. Some claims are false, some exposures are limited, and the board may have safeguards that are not publicly disclosed.
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Malpractice and confidentiality risks
Viewing or sharing can create its own problem
Attempting to access an alleged leak, even if the file is fabricated, may be treated as malpractice under the advice attributed to Ofqual’s 2026 student guidance. Forwarding or discussing the contents can also widen the breach and complicate the investigation. Reporting promptly without seeking access is the safest course.
Anonymity has limits
Cambridge International says information is handled sensitively and requests for anonymity are respected unless disclosure is legally required. It also notes that the circumstances themselves may identify a reporter. Ask the reporting channel what confidentiality it can offer; do not assume that a report will remain completely anonymous or that no one at the centre will know who made it.
Do not make accusations publicly
A private report is different from naming a student or staff member online. Public accusations can be wrong, defamatory or disruptive, and they may expose more exam content. Give names only through the official route and only when you already know them.
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What recent England figures do—and do not—show
Ofqual’s figures for the 2025 summer GCSE, AS and A-level series in England illustrate why reports are taken seriously, but they are not a worldwide rate and do not mean every incident compromised an assessment.
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| Ofqual category | 2025 series | 2024 series | Qualification and scope |
|---|---|---|---|
| Security breaches | 102 | 70 | Potential as well as actual breaches in the England summer GCSE, AS and A-level series |
| Centre-staff leaks of materials | 39 | 19 | Incidents recorded in those same series |
| Incorrect paper issued | 27 | 32 | Incidents recorded in those same series |
Because “security breaches” includes potential as well as actual breaches, the 102 figure is not a count of exams proven to have been compromised. The numbers also should not be generalised to other countries, qualifications or exam boards.
How jurisdiction changes the process
England
For an English school or college, start with the centre’s exams officer or teacher. The centre reports potential malpractice to the relevant awarding organisation. Ofqual regulates awarding organisations and qualifications in England; its reporting guidance is aimed at concerns about those organisations, while operational handling of a suspected paper leak normally sits with the board and centre.
Other UK and international boards
Each board sets its own reporting forms, deadlines, confidentiality policy and sanctions. Cambridge International’s dedicated early-sharing and leak-source routes are an example of a board-specific process. A student in another country should use the school’s exams officer first unless the board expressly directs candidates to report directly.
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Quick Recap
Checklist before you submit a report
- I have not searched for, opened, downloaded or requested the alleged paper.
- I have stopped forwarding or discussing the claim.
- I know the subject and scheduled exam date, and I have recorded the board if it was already identified.
- I can explain where I encountered the claim and who sent it, without gathering new material.
- I have contacted a teacher, exams officer, head of centre or the board’s official channel.
- I understand that confidentiality, cancellation, replacement papers and grade changes are not guaranteed.
- I will follow the board’s instructions and keep the report private.
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