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California residents have legal choices when websites collect information about their online activity. The California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), as amended by the California Privacy Rights Act (CPRA), can give you rights to know what is collected, request deletion or correction, opt out of the sale or sharing of information for cross-context behavioral advertising, limit certain uses of sensitive personal information, and receive equal treatment when you exercise those rights. These protections apply only to businesses covered by the law, and exceptions can limit a request.
A browser’s Global Privacy Control (GPC) can communicate an opt-out of sale or sharing, but it is not a universal “stop all tracking” switch. For information held by data brokers, California’s separate DROP platform provides a consolidated deletion route. The practical choice is therefore based on the result you want: send a GPC signal to covered online businesses, make a request directly to a website, or use DROP for data-broker records.
What the California law covers
The CCPA regulates certain businesses that collect or process California consumers’ personal information. The California Privacy Protection Agency’s consumer FAQ explains the business-coverage criteria and exclusions; not every website or small business is covered. Check the current criteria at the CPPA FAQ before assuming a particular service must respond.
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The CPRA is an amendment to the CCPA rather than a separate privacy regime. The rights described below come from the CCPA as amended. The California Privacy Protection Agency’s current laws and regulations index lists the CCPA regulations effective January 1, 2026, along with the Delete Act and related regulations effective that date.
Your principal CCPA rights when a site tracks you
Right to know
You can ask a covered business what personal information it collected about you and how it uses and shares that information. A request can address categories of information, the purposes for collection or use, and the kinds of recipients involved. This helps distinguish first-party functions, such as keeping you signed in, from sharing for advertising or other purposes.
Right to delete
You can ask a covered business to delete personal information it collected from or about you. Deletion is not absolute: statutory exceptions can allow a business to retain information for purposes recognized by the law. For example, a request may not require removal of information needed for a legally permitted purpose. The business must evaluate your request under the applicable rules rather than treating every deletion request as automatic.
Right to correct
If a covered business maintains inaccurate personal information, you can request correction. Include enough detail to identify the inaccurate item and provide the accurate replacement. The business may ask for information needed to verify that you are the person making the request.
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Right to opt out of sale or sharing
You can direct a covered business not to sell or share your personal information. In this context, “sharing” has a specific statutory meaning connected to cross-context behavioral advertising; it does not mean every disclosure or every internal use. Opting out therefore does not necessarily disable site analytics, fraud prevention, security logging, essential first-party functions, or all forms of collection.
Right to limit certain uses of sensitive personal information
California law lets you limit certain uses and disclosures of sensitive personal information. The right is narrower than a request to stop all processing and does not apply to every data category or every business use. The business’s privacy choices notice should explain whether this option is available and how to submit it.
Right to equal treatment
A business generally may not discriminate against you for exercising CCPA rights. It cannot, for example, deny goods or services, charge a discriminatory price, or provide a materially different level of service merely because you made a lawful privacy request, subject to the law’s rules for permitted financial incentives.
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What GPC does—and does not do
Global Privacy Control is a browser or extension setting that sends a machine-readable privacy preference to websites. California Attorney General guidance recognizes GPC as an acceptable way for a consumer to communicate an opt-out of sale or sharing to covered online businesses. The Attorney General describes it as a “stop selling or sharing my data switch” in its GPC guidance.
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Turn on Global Privacy Control in a browser or extension that supports it. When a covered site receives and honors the signal, it should treat it as your opt-out request for sale or sharing, subject to the law and the site’s ability to associate the signal with you. GPC is not evidence that every tracker has stopped running, that no information is collected, or that a site’s first-party analytics have been disabled.
Because GPC is a signal rather than a deletion request, it does not ask a business to erase historical records. If you want information removed, submit a separate deletion request to the business. If you want to know what was collected or correct an error, use the corresponding request channel.
Choose the route that matches your goal
| Action | What it addresses | Where it goes | What it guarantees |
|---|---|---|---|
| Global Privacy Control | Opting out of sale or sharing for cross-context behavioral advertising | Browser or extension signal sent to online businesses | An opt-out preference for covered businesses that receive and honor it; not a universal stop to collection or tracking |
| Direct privacy request | Knowing, deleting, correcting, opting out, or limiting certain sensitive-information uses | The individual website or service | A legally recognized request subject to verification, coverage limits, and exceptions |
| California DROP | Deletion requests involving data-broker records | California’s consolidated DROP platform | A single state route for data-broker deletion; it does not replace a request to a normal website |
How to submit a request to a website
- Identify the business. Use the site’s legal name or privacy policy, especially when the consumer-facing brand differs from the company operating the service.
- Open its privacy choices or request page. California guidance says businesses commonly provide request channels in their privacy policy. Look for links labeled “Your Privacy Choices,” “California Privacy Rights,” “Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information,” or “Submit a privacy request.”
- Select the specific right. Choose know, delete, correct, opt out of sale or sharing, or limit sensitive personal information as appropriate. An opt-out is different from a deletion request.
- Provide the minimum information needed to locate your records. A business may ask for identifiers associated with your account or device. Avoid sending additional sensitive information unless the business explains why it is needed.
- Complete identity verification when required. Verification can be required for some requests, particularly when disclosure or deletion could affect another person. The verification process should be reasonably related to the sensitivity of the request.
- Save the confirmation and response. Keep the submission date, confirmation number, and the business’s reply. If the business denies the request, read the stated exception or reason and use any appeal or follow-up channel it provides.
The CPPA’s instructions for submitting a request are available at Submit a privacy request. The available channel may be a web form, email address, or telephone number. Online-only businesses are subject to a recent legislative change discussed below, but the operative date and detailed implementation should be checked against the enacted law and current rules.
How to use California DROP for data brokers
Data brokers collect personal information from multiple sources and make it available for purposes such as marketing, profiling, or verification. A request to a data broker is different from a request to the website where you originally browsed. California’s DROP platform is the state’s consolidated route for requesting deletion from participating data brokers.
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- Open the official California Privacy Protection Agency homepage and follow the link to DROP.
- Review the platform’s identity and account instructions before submitting.
- Submit the consolidated deletion request and retain the confirmation.
- Contact an individual website separately if you also want that site to disclose, correct, or delete its own records.
DROP does not turn off cookies or prevent a website from collecting new information. It addresses the data-broker side of the problem, while GPC and direct requests address online businesses and their own processing.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Important limits and common misunderstandings
“Opt out” does not mean “no data collection”
The statutory opt-out concerns sale and sharing as those terms are defined by California law. A site can still collect information needed to provide a service, protect security, measure performance, remember preferences, or comply with law. GPC should therefore be combined with browser privacy settings and careful account choices when your goal is to reduce collection more broadly.
Not every website is covered
Coverage depends on the business criteria and exclusions in the CCPA. A site’s privacy notice may explain whether it treats California requests as applicable. If the business is outside the law’s scope, the CCPA rights may not compel a response even though other laws, contracts, or the site’s own policy could still matter.
Requests can be verified and denied in limited cases
Identity verification protects against someone else obtaining or deleting your information. Deletion and disclosure also have statutory exceptions. A denial should identify the applicable reason or explain what additional information is needed; it does not automatically mean the right does not exist.
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GPC is not a ranking of browsers
The official materials recognize the signal, but they do not establish that one particular browser prevents more tracking than another. Choose a browser or extension that clearly supports GPC, then verify that the site acknowledges your preference.
What changed in 2026: SB 923
On September 27, 2026, the California Privacy Protection Agency announced that Governor Gavin Newsom signed SB 923. The agency’s release says the law expands deletion rights to address information a business obtained from third parties and says online-only businesses must offer an online submission method, “like a webform,” rather than providing only an email address. Read the September 27, 2026 announcement for the agency’s description.
The announcement does not by itself resolve every effective-date, transition, or implementation question. Before relying on a new duty in a dispute, check the enacted SB 923 text and the current official regulations for when each provision becomes operative and how it applies to your request. Existing CCPA rights and their exceptions remain the starting point for a request made today.
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- Enable GPC on a supported browser or extension to communicate an ongoing sale-or-sharing opt-out.
- Read the privacy policy of sites you use regularly and note their “Your Privacy Choices” link.
- Send a direct know, delete, or correction request when you need a record-level action; do not substitute GPC for deletion.
- Use California DROP when the target is a data broker, and contact a regular website separately.
- Keep confirmations and responses, and be prepared for identity verification or a statutory exception.
- Recheck the business’s notice after major account, browser, or policy changes; an opt-out signal does not erase information already retained.
These tools work at different layers. GPC communicates a preference, a direct request invokes a specific statutory right against a covered business, and DROP targets data brokers. Using the route that matches the data holder and the result you want is the most reliable way to exercise California privacy protections.
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