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Ripple USD (RLUSD) is Ripple’s U.S. dollar stablecoin: a digital token designed to track one U.S. dollar and backed, according to Ripple, by segregated cash and short-term liquid reserve assets. It is not XRP. Ripple describes institutional minting and redemption processes, while most individual users access RLUSD through supported exchanges or on-ramps. Its price, availability, and transfer options can depend on the venue, network, and jurisdiction.
What RLUSD is—and how it differs from XRP
RLUSD is a dollar-referenced token issued by Ripple. Its intended value is one U.S. dollar, making it a stablecoin rather than a token whose purpose is to rise or fall with market demand. The target does not guarantee that RLUSD will trade at exactly $1 on every exchange or at every moment.
RLUSD and XRP are separate digital assets. RLUSD is designed to track the U.S. dollar; XRP is a market-priced cryptocurrency native to the XRP Ledger. Holding RLUSD is therefore not the same as owning XRP, and the assets have different purposes and price behavior. Ripple’s RLUSD product information describes the distinction.
How the dollar backing is intended to work
Ripple says each RLUSD is backed one-to-one by U.S. dollars or permitted cash equivalents held in segregated reserve accounts. Its stated reserve categories include cash and bank deposits, short-maturity U.S. Treasury bills, government money market funds, and qualifying overnight reverse repurchase agreements. These are issuer-reported reserve arrangements, not a promise that market trading will always occur at par.
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Ripple says monthly independent CPA attestations address management’s assertions about circulating supply and reserve composition under AICPA attestation standards. An attestation is not the same as an unlimited guarantee or proof that all issuer, custody, operational, market, or redemption risks have disappeared. Ripple publishes its reserve information on its RLUSD transparency page.
What the published figures show
Ripple’s transparency dashboard reported $2,460.7 million in circulating RLUSD and $2,602.9 million in reserve funds, both as of October 8, 2026. These are dated balances and can change; Ripple says monthly reserve reports are made available no more than 30 days after month-end.
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Ripple’s product page also displays a “103%” overcollateralization figure, but the cited page does not state its as-of date or calculation method. Dividing the dated dashboard reserve balance by circulating supply gives about 105.8%; Ripple’s available figures do not explain whether that calculation and the displayed 103% use the same basis, so they should not be treated as interchangeable.
How RLUSD is issued and redeemed
Ripple’s documented direct issuance and redemption process is for institutional customers, not a universal redemption route available to every token holder. Ripple says direct customers are enterprise institutions subject to customer and wallet compliance checks, including KYC/AML and sanctions screening.
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Institutional issuance
- An institution deposits U.S. dollars into a transaction account.
- Ripple performs compliance checks and moves the funds into a reserve account.
- Ripple mints RLUSD and transfers the tokens to the customer’s wallet.
Institutional redemption
- The institution sends RLUSD on-chain to Ripple’s redemption wallet.
- Ripple detects the transfer and performs compliance checks.
- Ripple burns the tokens and settles fiat to the institution’s bank account.
Individual users generally obtain RLUSD through exchanges or preferred on-ramps, where listing, withdrawal, and redemption terms depend on the provider. A retail holder should not assume that the institutional process or its terms apply directly to them.
Which blockchains support RLUSD
Ripple’s current documentation lists RLUSD on seven networks:
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- XRP Ledger (XRPL)
- Ethereum
- Base
- Ink
- Optimism
- Unichain
- XRPL EVM sidechain
On XRPL, RLUSD uses the ledger’s issued-token format. On the listed EVM-compatible networks, it is an ERC-20 token. Ripple distinguishes mainnet tokens, which have real-world value and reserve backing, from testnet tokens, which have no financial value and are not backed by real-world assets. Its network documentation provides details.
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When sending RLUSD, choose a network supported by both the sending wallet and the receiving service, and use the destination details specified for that network. Addresses and transfers on one network are not automatically interchangeable with those on another. Verify the network and token details against Ripple’s official documentation before transferring; a mistaken network or destination can make funds inaccessible.
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Where RLUSD is available
Availability depends on jurisdiction, exchange or on-ramp support, and the service a user wants to access. Ripple’s product information does not establish unrestricted access in every country or for every wallet. Check the provider’s current supported regions, networks, and withdrawal or redemption terms before acquiring or sending RLUSD.
Ripple announced on November 27, 2025, that the Abu Dhabi Global Market’s Financial Services Regulatory Authority recognized RLUSD as an Accepted Fiat-Referenced Token. Ripple said this status applies to eligible authorized persons conducting applicable regulated activities and remains subject to their regulatory obligations; it is a specific regional recognition, not evidence of universal availability. Ripple’s announcement describes the scope.
Ripple identifies Standard Custody & Trust Company, LLC as a New York limited purpose trust company supervised by the New York Department of Financial Services. That issuer-related information should not be read as a statement that all uses of RLUSD are approved or available in every jurisdiction.
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Wallets and custody considerations
Ripple’s compatibility information lists Ledger and Trezor support for RLUSD on XRPL and Ethereum. That does not establish support for every device model or every network listed above, so confirm the exact device, wallet software, and chain before transferring. Ripple’s wallet information also explains that hosted wallets delegate key management to a provider, while unhosted wallets put key responsibility on the user. Losing a private key can mean losing access to assets.
Quick Recap
What to check before using RLUSD
- Venue: Confirm the exchange or on-ramp supports RLUSD and is available where you live.
- Network: Match the receiving wallet’s supported network to the network used for the transfer.
- Terms: Check whether your provider offers trading, deposits, withdrawals, or redemption; these are not necessarily the same service.
- Price: A one-dollar target and reserve design do not ensure a $1 market price at every venue or guarantee immediate redemption for every holder.
- Custody: Decide whether a provider-managed wallet or self-custody suits your needs and ability to safeguard keys.
Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.
