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HDMI can carry audio, networking data and control signals as well as video. Depending on the HDMI versions and features supported by both connected devices—and, where relevant, the cable—it can also return TV audio to a receiver, signal content type, support dynamic HDR and help reduce gaming latency.

1. ARC and eARC send TV audio back through HDMI

Audio Return Channel (ARC) lets a TV send audio upstream to a connected AV receiver or soundbar over the HDMI connection, so a separate audio cable may not be needed. Enhanced Audio Return Channel (eARC) is designed to support advanced audio formats. The exact formats depend on the TV and audio system, so check both manufacturers’ specifications rather than assuming a particular format will work.

ARC is listed in HDMI Specification 1.4b; eARC was included in the HDMI 2.1 specification announcement. Both devices need compatible connections. HDMI Specification 1.4b and the HDMI Forum’s 2017 HDMI 2.1 announcement describe these capabilities.

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2. HDMI Ethernet Channel can carry network data

HDMI Ethernet Channel (HEC) adds a data channel for networking to a compatible HDMI connection. It is not a general replacement for an Ethernet cable: both linked devices must support HEC, and the cable must be an Ethernet-enabled HDMI cable. Ordinary HDMI cables do not all provide this function.

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Check the device manuals and the cable’s official type and certification label before relying on HEC. HDMI LA’s HDMI 1.4b specification page describes Ethernet Channel, while its cable guide explains cable categories.

3. Content-type signaling can help a display choose picture settings

HDMI 1.4b’s Content Type feature lets a source signal what kind of content is playing, allowing a compatible display to optimize picture settings accordingly. The feature is a signal between devices—not a guarantee that every TV will automatically select the same settings or produce a particular picture.

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Both the source and display need to support the feature. See HDMI LA’s HDMI Specification 1.4b.

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4. Dynamic HDR can adjust HDR information by scene or frame

HDR (high dynamic range) describes picture information intended to represent a broader range of brightness and color. HDMI 2.1 lists Dynamic HDR, which can carry changing values scene by scene or frame by frame. HDMI 2.2 materials also describe Dynamic HDR and Source-Based Tone Mapping.

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These are interface capabilities, not a promise that any HDMI-equipped screen will show dynamic HDR. The source, display, content and connection must support the relevant implementation. HDMI Forum’s 2017 HDMI 2.1 announcement and HDMI LA’s HDMI 2.2 specification overview outline the features.

5. Gaming and latency features can improve responsiveness and transitions

HDMI specifications include several functions aimed at gaming and audio/video timing. Whether they help depends on support in the source, display and intervening equipment, and on the specific ports being used.

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  • Variable Refresh Rate (VRR): can reduce or eliminate stutter and tearing by varying the display refresh rate to match the source.
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The HDMI Forum’s 2017 announcement describes VRR, ALLM, QFT and QMS. HDMI LA’s August 19, 2026 HDMI 2.2 article describes LIP. These features are not guaranteed on every HDMI port, console or TV.

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Which HDMI cable do you need?

Choose a cable for the signal the connected devices need to carry—not simply because a product has an HDMI connector. Resolution, refresh rate and bandwidth requirements matter, as do specific needs such as Ethernet Channel. Verify the cable’s official category and certification label; also check device makers’ guidance on connector and cable length.

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Cable category What the cited guidance establishes When to consider it
Ultra High Speed HDMI Supports configurations up to 48 Gbps. When the devices and desired signal require the relevant bandwidth; HDMI LA’s cable guide provides category guidance.
Ultra96 HDMI Supports configurations up to 96 Gbps, for HDMI 2.2. When equipment and signal requirements call for HDMI 2.2’s higher bandwidth; check the official cable label and device specifications.

HDMI 2.1 specifies a maximum bandwidth of 48 Gbps, according to the HDMI Forum’s 2017 announcement. HDMI LA’s 2026 HDMI 2.2 article gives a maximum of 96 Gbps. Those are specification limits, not guarantees that a particular port or cable will deliver every resolution and feature. HDMI LA’s HDMI 2.2 overview also lists 12K at 120 Hz and 16K at 60 Hz among supported modes; the 2017 HDMI Forum announcement lists 8K at 60 Hz and 4K at 120 Hz for HDMI 2.1. These modes require appropriately capable devices and connections.

In its 2026 explanation, HDMI LA says 10-bit color represents more than one billion colors and 12-bit color 68 billion possible colors. These are color-capacity figures, not measurements of how many colors a particular display can reproduce.

Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.

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