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OpenClaw security depends on how you control access, tools, execution, credentials, and the content an agent can read—not on a single setting or model. Start by limiting who can contact the agent, keeping the Gateway private or authenticated, and granting only the tools it needs. If users do not trust one another, put them behind separate Gateways rather than treating one Gateway as a shared security boundary.
What OpenClaw’s security model does—and does not—promise
OpenClaw’s documentation assumes one trusted operator, or a mutually trusting team, per Gateway. It states: “OpenClaw is not a hostile multi-tenant security boundary for mutually adversarial users sharing one agent or gateway.” OpenClaw’s security documentation explains the implications: a Gateway’s controls can help manage access, but they do not make one shared agent safe for people who may deliberately work against each other.
That distinction matters because an agent can take actions using the permissions you give it. As the security trust model puts it: “This is permission to ask a privileged agent to act, not a guarantee that it will refuse to disclose data or execute an untrusted request.” A useful operating assumption is that anyone who can steer an agent may be able to influence its use of the agent’s available tools and data.
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Unintended access to the Gateway
A Gateway exposed beyond the machine or private network can create an access path for people who should not control the agent. Check its bind address, firewall rules, port publishing, authentication, and any trusted-proxy configuration before enabling remote connections. Public exposure without authentication and exposed browser control are findings to fix promptly, according to the security and access-control FAQ.
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People or groups the agent should not obey
Direct messages and group chats are separate access surfaces. Pairing or explicit sender allowlists can restrict who may start a DM conversation. In groups, limit access to selected rooms and use mention gating or sender allowlists when membership is broad. Channel defaults can differ, so verify the behavior of each channel you enable rather than assuming one policy applies everywhere.
Prompt injection in content the agent reads
Prompt injection is an instruction embedded in content an agent encounters; it does not require an attacker to message a public bot directly. A web page, email, document, attachment, search or fetch result, or pasted log could contain instructions intended to make the agent reveal information or take an action. Treat outside content as untrusted, even when the agent itself is private. OpenClaw’s prompt-injection guidance recommends limiting risky tools, sandboxing sensitive execution, and keeping secrets out of prompts. A more capable model is not a substitute for those controls.
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Excessive tool access or host execution
Tools such as exec, browser, gateway, and cron can have significant consequences when exposed to an agent or its users. Web tools such as web_fetch and web_search also expand the set of outside content the agent may encounter. Broad tool access increases the potential impact of a mistaken or manipulated request.
Secrets and retained records
Credentials available to an agent, in its prompts, or in reachable files can be exposed through an inappropriate action or a compromised workflow. Transcripts and logs can also retain sensitive information. Limit which accounts and files the bot can access, and consider who can read its stored conversations and logs.
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Unreviewed skills and plugins
A third-party skill or plugin is code you choose to trust. It may introduce behavior or access beyond what is apparent from its description. OpenClaw says scan status is not a complete security boundary and does not perform built-in local dangerous-code blocking during skill or plugin installation or update. Review code and permissions rather than treating a scan result as approval.
OpenClaw best practices: a prioritized hardening checklist
- Decide who is trusted to use the agent. Use DM pairing or explicit allowlists, and narrow group access to the rooms and senders that need it. For mixed-trust or adversarial users, separate Gateways, credentials, and, where practical, operating-system users or hosts.
- Keep the Gateway private unless remote access is necessary. Prefer loopback access for local use. For remote access, use authenticated private access such as a tailnet or SSH tunnel, or configure token/password authentication or a trusted proxy correctly. Verify the bind address, firewall, port publishing, and proxy trust rather than assuming that a private network alone provides authentication.
- Start with the smallest tool profile that works. Grant only the tools and accounts needed for the task. Restrict high-risk tools—including
exec,browser,gateway, andcron—to trusted agents or explicit allowlists. Limit web tools and other capabilities that can fetch or act on outside content. - Use sandboxing deliberately. Sandboxing is opt-in; do not assume execution is isolated unless you configured it. With sandbox mode off, implicit
host=autoresolves to the Gateway host. Explicithost=sandboxfails closed if a sandbox runtime is unavailable. Confirm the selected mode and runtime before allowing sensitive execution. - Require approval for consequential actions. As an operating practice, have a person review actions with material impact, such as sending sensitive information or changing important systems. Do not assume this practice is automatically enforced by every tool or by every installed OpenClaw version. If interpreters are allowlisted, the documentation calls out
tools.exec.strictInlineEvalto ensure inline-evaluation forms still require approval. - Keep credentials out of prompts and minimize reachable secrets. Use dedicated bot accounts where practical so their access can be revoked without disrupting a personal account. Give the agent access only to credentials and files it needs, especially when it reads untrusted content.
- Review extensions before enabling them. Prefer known authors and pinned versions, read the code, keep extension allowlists narrow, and avoid granting broad filesystem, browser, execution, or secret access without a clear need.
- Audit after changes. Run
openclaw security audit --deepafter configuration or network changes. Use findings to prioritize exposed access, overly broad tool scope, and sandbox gaps.
Choose the isolation level that matches your users
| Deployment choice | What it changes | When it fits |
|---|---|---|
| Loopback Gateway | Keeps the Gateway bound to the local machine rather than making it generally reachable on a network. | Local use where remote access is not needed. |
| Remote access with authentication | Allows remote use through private access or configured authentication and trusted-proxy controls. | Remote use when the access path and identity checks are deliberately configured. |
| One Gateway for a mutually trusting team | Shares an agent and its granted capabilities within one trust group. | Users who are willing to share the same agent, access policy, and tool boundary. |
| Separate Gateways and credentials | Separates agents and access paths; separate OS users or hosts can strengthen the boundary further. | Users with conflicting interests or who should not be able to steer the same agent. |
Session visibility settings and agent-to-agent restrictions may help separate personas, but the trust model does not treat them as substitutes for strong isolation between adversarial users.
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What the published prompt-injection figures mean
OpenClaw’s prompt-injection documentation reports results from an arena covering 272,000 attacks across 41 agent scenarios in 2026. An attack counted as successful only when the agent both performed the harmful action and concealed it from the user. The page lists success rates of Claude Opus 4.5 at 0.5%, Sonnet 4.5 at 1.0%, Haiku 4.5 at 1.3%, and Gemini 2.5 Pro at 8.5%. These are results reported for that arena and scoring rule—not general probabilities that an OpenClaw deployment will be compromised. The same page says published success rates for adaptive human attackers against state-of-the-art defenses have exceeded 80%; that figure likewise should not be read as a prediction for a particular installation. See the official prompt-injection documentation for its context.
Audit and respond when something changes
After configuration or network changes
Run openclaw security audit --deep and review the results against the access you intended to allow. Pay particular attention to who can reach the Gateway, which senders and groups can contact the agent, the scope of high-risk tools, and whether sensitive execution is sandboxed as intended.
If you suspect a compromise
Contain the affected access path, rotate credentials that may have been exposed, audit the relevant configuration and activity, and preserve evidence. The right actions depend on which accounts, tools, hosts, and channels were involved; if a secret may have leaked, treat it as compromised rather than assuming it remains safe. Use the security overview as a starting point for containment, credential rotation, auditing, and evidence collection.
OpenClaw’s published security status is time-bounded
OpenClaw’s status page, reviewed September 9, 2026, said there were no active security bulletins and no known compromise of OpenClaw infrastructure or official install/update channels. It explicitly excluded third-party ClawHub skills, so that statement does not establish the safety of every extension. The page also said, as reviewed October 7, 2026, that OpenClaw had no paid bounty program. These are dated statements, not lasting guarantees; consult the OpenClaw security page for its current status.
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