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Treat every AI-generated figure as an unverified lead until you can trace it to a reliable source, confirm that it matches the report’s period and definition, and reproduce any calculation yourself. Keep the source and review trail; if you cannot support or reproduce the number, withhold it and escalate the issue.
What verification needs to establish
A number can look plausible and still be wrong, outdated, or presented without a reliable basis. Verification means more than checking whether a calculation adds up: you need evidence for the inputs, confirmation that they belong in the report, and a record another reviewer can follow. A calculator or spreadsheet can test arithmetic, but cannot establish that the source data is authentic or that an accounting treatment is appropriate.
For example, a growth rate may be calculated correctly from two figures while one figure comes from the wrong period, uses a different currency, or reflects a different definition of revenue. Each part of the claim needs to match the report’s purpose.
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Follow a repeatable verification workflow
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Capture the claim as generated
Save the AI-supplied amount and the sentence, table, or calculation where it appears. Note the entity, reporting period, unit, currency, scope, and definition the claim implies. Do not silently edit the figure before checking it; preserving the original makes discrepancies visible.
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Trace it to an authoritative source
Locate the underlying record that should support the figure, such as a filing, ledger extract, approved management report, contract, or official data source. Confirm that the source actually contains the claimed value and covers the same entity, period, scope, and definition. AI-generated prose is not evidence for the number it asserts.
HM Revenue & Customs guidance for developers of UK tax software emphasizes reliable source data, transparency about how it is processed, and human oversight. That guidance is useful process advice, not a universal financial-reporting rule. Read HMRC’s guidance.
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Check context and freshness
Compare the source’s period, units, currency, entity, and definition with the report. Check for later amendments or restatements where relevant, and establish that the underlying data is current enough for the claim. FINRA identifies outdated data as one way generative AI outputs can be skewed or incorrect; its guidance is directed to member firms. See FINRA’s 2026 Annual Regulatory Oversight Report section on GenAI.
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Recalculate derived figures independently
Start with verified inputs and reperform any sum, difference, growth rate, margin, ratio, or conversion. Inspect the formula, sign, denominator, units, and rounding. Compare your result with the AI output and record any difference. Use a calculator for a straightforward check or a spreadsheet when a repeatable calculation or reconciliation is useful; neither tool validates the inputs or accounting treatment.
FINRA recommends testing and validating outputs with regular error checks, and the Financial Reporting Council identifies automated mathematical-accuracy checks as a possible audit use case. The FRC page is an HTML conversion that advises readers to consult its official PDF for verified wording. View the FRC factsheet page.
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Validate accounting meaning separately
A correct formula can still use the wrong inputs or an unsuitable classification. Confirm definitions, assumptions, and accounting treatment with the finance professional responsible for the report. Do not let AI-generated wording make a material or binding reporting judgment on its own. HMRC’s guidance says AI should support rather than replace human judgment in its tax-software context; the FRC likewise places responsibility for audit quality with the firm and engagement partner.
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Keep a reviewable record
Retain the original AI output, the source and its relevant page, cell, or location, the calculation or formula, assumptions and corrections, and the reviewer and review date. Record the tool or model version when available. FINRA notes that prompt and output logs and model-version tracking can support accountability and troubleshooting.
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Withhold or escalate what you cannot support
Stop if a source is missing, the period or definition conflicts, inputs are incomplete, the calculation cannot be reproduced, or the treatment depends on a material judgment. Route the question to the responsible reviewer rather than including an unexplained figure. Asking the same AI to make its explanation more persuasive does not resolve a lack of evidence.
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How to handle common verification cases
The number is a direct figure from a document
Check the original document, not a summary generated by AI. Find the exact page, table, or record and confirm that the figure is for the right entity, period, scope, currency, and definition. If the source has been amended or restated, determine which version the report should use and retain that version in the review trail.
The number is a total, ratio, or percentage
Verify each input first, then calculate the result independently. For a ratio or percentage, confirm the numerator and denominator and their units; for a change over time, confirm that both periods are comparable. Record the formula and rounding so another reviewer can reproduce the result.
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Arithmetic alone cannot settle whether an item belongs in a category or whether an assumption is suitable. Ask the responsible finance professional to confirm the treatment and document the reasoning and approval. If the issue is material and unresolved, do not use the figure as if it were established.
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Why the same AI should not be its own evidence
Generative systems can produce fluent, apparently factual output that is inaccurate or made up. FINRA defines hallucinations as “instances where the model generates information that is inaccurate or misleading, yet is presented as factual information” in its 2026 report for member firms. A second answer from the same model may be useful for identifying questions to investigate, but it does not independently verify the original claim. Use the source record and a reproducible calculation instead.
Know which rules apply to your role
Verification practices can be broadly useful without every cited document applying to every organization. HMRC’s guidance addresses developers of AI-enhanced UK tax software; IRS policy directs IRS employees to critically evaluate AI outputs and verify information through reliable sources before government use; FINRA’s report is aimed at member firms. PCAOB audit standards apply to engagements conducted under those standards, while the GAO Financial Audit Manual concerns federal financial audits. Follow the accounting framework, internal controls, and regulatory requirements applicable to your organization.
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