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Update Core Lightning by repeating the installation method that created your node: replace a release binary in its existing location, or fetch and rebuild the source tree. Before starting, identify that method, read the target release notes, and make recovery preparations. A Core Lightning upgrade can migrate the on-disk database; the project warns that once migration occurs, downgrades are not generally possible.
This procedure also verifies that the artifact you downloaded is authentic and that the daemon you started is the version you intended. Exact executable paths and package layouts differ, so treat the commands below as a sequence to adapt to your installation rather than as one universal path.
1. Identify how this node was installed
Core Lightning’s official rule is simple: “Upgrading your Core Lightning node is the same as installing it.” The upgrade route therefore depends on the original installation method, not on which method seems easier today. Record the method before changing any files.
Release binary installation
A release-binary node normally has a downloaded executable placed in a directory chosen during installation. The upgrade consists of obtaining the corresponding binary for the new release and replacing the old executable in that same directory. Keep the filename and permissions that your service or startup script expects.
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Source build
A source-built node must be upgraded from its source tree. Fetch the desired source revision, check out the release or commit you intend to run, rebuild it with the project’s documented prerequisites, and install or launch the resulting executable in the same way as before. Do not switch a production node from a source build to a downloaded binary without deliberately planning the different paths, build options and plugin locations.
When the method is unclear
Inspect the service unit, startup script or process command line for the daemon path, then inspect that path and its surrounding files. A package manager, container image or distribution package may wrap either a packaged binary or a locally built executable. The important question is which executable is actually started and how it was produced; use that same mechanism for the update.
2. Check the running version before touching it
Capture the current version and the exact executable path. The configuration reference documents a version option that prints the version and exits. In many installations this is exposed as a command-line option such as:
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<path-to-lightningd> --versionPackaging can change the invocation name or location, so confirm the option and path in the installation you already use. Save the output, along with the service definition or launch command, so you can distinguish a failed upgrade from accidentally starting an older copy.
Do not assume that an example version shown in documentation is current. The installation page currently shows a v26.06 checkout as an example, but that example does not establish v26.06 as the latest stable release. Check the project’s current release information and select a target that supports your operating system, architecture and plugins before downloading or checking out anything.
3. Understand the database-migration boundary
Core Lightning releases can change the node database. The upgrade guide warns that “once this is done, downgrades are not generally possible.” Treat the first start of a new daemon as a possible one-way migration event, not as a reversible test run.
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Release builds and normal upgrades
The default behavior is designed to protect the database: Core Lightning refuses a non-release upgrade unless the operator explicitly enables the database-upgrade option. A normal upgrade to an official release should follow the release notes and the standard startup path without adding that option merely because it exists.
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Non-release builds and the override
database-upgrade is a deliberate migration override for a non-release build. It is not an alternative routine upgrade method. Use it only when you have confirmed why the build is considered non-release, understand the schema change, and have a recovery plan that does not rely on rolling back the database. Record the exact option and build you used.
Why rollback planning changes
Replacing an executable is reversible only until the new daemon has changed persistent state. Keeping the old binary can help with a startup failure that occurs before migration, but it does not make a migrated database safely compatible with the old version. Plan maintenance as a forward move: test the target release where practical, schedule time for recovery, and do not promise yourself a downgrade window after first startup.
4. Prepare backups that reflect Lightning state
Core Lightning’s backup guidance distinguishes several pieces of information. A seed or wallet secret alone is not a complete backup of channel state.
Protect hsm_secret
Preserve the node’s hsm_secret securely and offline, with access controls appropriate to a signing key. Do not leave extra unencrypted copies in the installation directory or in a general-purpose cloud sync folder. Confirm that the copy can actually be read before maintenance, but avoid exposing its contents in shell history, support tickets or logs.
Keep the emergency recovery material
Retain the generated emergency.recover file as described by the official backup procedure. Static channel recovery is a last resort and requires cooperation from peers; it is not an instant substitute for a healthy database. Store it where you can retrieve it if the node’s normal data directory is lost.
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Do not snapshot a live database casually
The backup page explicitly discourages snapshot-style backups of the lightningd database: “any loss of state may result in permanent loss of funds.” A filesystem snapshot taken while the daemon is active may not represent a coherent channel state. Follow the project’s documented backup process instead of assuming that copying the database directory, cloning a virtual machine or taking a disk image provides a safe rollback.
Before an upgrade, verify that the daemon is in the operational condition required by your backup procedure, that files have completed copying, and that permissions are preserved. Keep the old data untouched until the new version has started successfully, while remembering that a migrated database may still prevent a downgrade.
5. Select and validate the target release
- Read the release notes. Look for database changes, plugin compatibility notes, required configuration changes, operating-system support and any migration instructions.
- Confirm the release and platform. Match the artifact to your CPU architecture, operating system and packaging format. Do not substitute a similarly named nightly, development or third-party build for the release you evaluated.
- Record the target. Write down the release tag, download filename, checksum manifest name and signature file name. This gives you an audit trail when you later compare the running version.
- Use the current official instructions. Installation and packaging details can change. The project’s installation page is the authoritative place to check prerequisites and layout for the method you are repeating: Core Lightning installation.
The documentation example that checks out v26.06 is only an example. Verify the current stable release separately before naming a target in your maintenance plan.
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For a release-binary upgrade, integrity checking is part of installation, not an optional postscript. Download the binary, the project’s checksum manifest and the detached signature through the official release channel. Keep the files together until verification is complete.
Check the signature correctly
Follow the project’s reproducible-build and release-checklist instructions: Reproducible builds and Release Checklist. The detached-signature command must receive the manifest as its second argument. In generic form:
gpg --verify <signature-file> <manifest-file>Do not accidentally pass the binary as that second argument when the signature covers the manifest. Check that GnuPG reports a valid signature from the expected project key, and investigate an unknown or untrusted key rather than treating a cryptographic-looking message as approval.
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Check the binary against the signed manifest
After the signature validates, use the checksum tool and the signed manifest to verify the downloaded executable. A common form is:
sha256sum --check <manifest-file>Use the exact command and hash format supplied for the release. A checksum match proves that your file matches the signed manifest; it does not by itself prove that you downloaded the intended platform, so compare the filename and architecture as well.
Handle verification failures as a stop condition
- A missing or invalid signature means do not install the artifact.
- A checksum mismatch means delete the file and download it again through the official channel.
- An unexpected signing key, release name or platform package requires confirmation from the current project documentation.
- Never “work around” a failed check by disabling signature verification or editing the manifest.
7. Upgrade a release-binary installation
- Stop or quiesce the node according to your service procedure. Use the same service manager or wrapper that normally controls the daemon. Confirm that no second
lightningdprocess is still using the data directory. - Preserve the existing executable and configuration. Rename or copy the old binary outside the active path if your change-control procedure requires it. This is an executable fallback only; it is not a promise that an older binary can open a migrated database.
- Verify the new artifact. Complete the signature and checksum checks before moving the file into production.
- Install it in the established directory. Replace the executable that the service starts, preserve ownership and execute permissions, and avoid changing the data directory unless the release instructions require it.
- Review plugins. The installation guidance warns that old plugin files may need removal to avoid conflicts. Compare the plugin set with the target release, remove obsolete copies only after preserving any configuration you need, and ensure each remaining plugin is compatible.
- Start the node with the normal command. Do not add
database-upgradeunless you have intentionally approved the non-release migration case described earlier. - Observe startup output. Watch the service log or console for database migration notices, incompatible plugins, missing libraries, permission errors and clean shutdown/restart messages.
If the daemon refuses to start before changing the database, stop and diagnose the executable, permissions, libraries, configuration and plugin set. If migration has already occurred, do not restore an old binary and assume the node is safe; consult the release-specific guidance and your recovery plan first.
8. Upgrade a source-built installation
- Keep the existing source tree and build record. Record the current commit or tag, compiler/toolchain details, configure options and install destination. These details explain differences if the rebuilt daemon behaves differently.
- Fetch the intended revision. In the source directory, update repository metadata and tags, then check out the release tag or commit selected from the release notes. Do not build an unreviewed branch for a production migration.
- Recheck prerequisites. Follow the current installation instructions for libraries, compiler versions and platform-specific packages. A successful checkout does not guarantee that the host has every dependency required by the new release.
- Rebuild using the project’s documented process. Run the configure/build/install commands appropriate to your tree and options. Keep build output so a missing dependency or compiler error can be diagnosed without guessing.
- Confirm the installed path. Make sure the service points to the newly built executable rather than another copy earlier in
PATH. If you install into a staging directory, test that exact path before switching the service. - Review plugins and start normally. Rebuild or replace plugins that are tied to the old binary, remove conflicting stale files where the installation guidance calls for it, then start the daemon without an unnecessary migration override.
Source builds are not interchangeable with release binaries for database purposes. A development commit may trigger the non-release safeguard; enabling database-upgrade in that situation is a conscious, potentially irreversible migration decision.
9. Start the daemon and verify what is actually running
After installation, verify both the process and the reported version. Packaging methods may use a wrapper, a versioned filename or a service-specific path, so identify the executable from the service definition rather than assuming a global command.
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- Read the startup log for the data directory in use, migration messages, plugin load failures and fatal errors.
- Invoke that same installed daemon with its documented
versionoption, commonly in a form such as<path-to-lightningd> --version, and capture the output. - Compare the reported version with the release tag you verified. A matching file on disk is not sufficient if the service is still launching an older executable.
- Once the daemon is healthy, use your normal operational checks to confirm that RPC access, plugins, peers and channel state are present. Treat missing channels, unexpected peer disconnects or database warnings as incidents to investigate before resuming routine operation.
The configuration reference describes the version option and related startup behavior: Configuring your node.
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10. Binary versus source: choose the path you already operate
| Decision point | Release binary | Source build |
|---|---|---|
| How the update is obtained | Download the platform-specific release artifact, manifest and signature. | Fetch the source revision or release tag and rebuild it. |
| What changes on the host | Replace the old executable in the directory used by the service. | Produce and install a new executable using the existing build and install process. |
| Integrity work | Verify the detached signature on the manifest, then verify the binary checksum. | Use the project’s source and reproducible-build guidance, and preserve the commit and build details. |
| Plugin concern | Old plugin files may need removal to prevent conflicts. | Plugins may need rebuilding or replacement for the rebuilt daemon; stale files can also conflict. |
| Database behavior | The first start can migrate the database; a migrated database is not generally downgradeable. | The same migration risk applies, with additional caution for non-release revisions. |
| Best practice | Repeat the official binary installation route already used by the node. | Repeat the documented source-build route already used by the node. |
11. Troubleshoot common upgrade failures
The reported version did not change
The service is probably launching another executable. Compare the process command line and service definition with the path you replaced, then run the version option against that exact path. Check for a package-managed copy earlier in PATH.
Signature verification fails
Stop the installation. Confirm that the signature and manifest belong to the same release, that the manifest was supplied as the second argument to gpg --verify, and that the project signing key is the expected one. Re-download rather than editing files or bypassing the check.
The checksum does not match
Delete the artifact, download the correct architecture again and rerun the checksum command against the signed manifest. A mismatch can indicate corruption, an incomplete download or the wrong package.
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Stop the node, compare plugin files and versions with the target release, and follow the installation guidance about removing obsolete plugin files. Re-enable plugins one at a time if you need to isolate the incompatible one.
The daemon requests a database upgrade
Identify whether you intentionally selected a non-release build. If not, stop and recheck the target artifact, release notes and startup command. If you deliberately approved a migration, confirm that your backups and recovery material are available and understand that a downgrade may no longer be possible.
The node will not start after migration
Do not repeatedly alternate binaries. Preserve logs and the data directory, avoid writing new state, and follow the target release’s troubleshooting guidance. The old executable may not be compatible with the migrated database, so recovery must be based on the documented backup and emergency-recovery procedures rather than an assumed rollback.
12. A maintenance checklist
- Installation method identified: release binary or source build.
- Current daemon version and executable path recorded.
- Target release and platform confirmed from current project information; the
v26.06installation example was not treated as proof of currency. - Release notes reviewed for database, plugin and configuration changes.
hsm_secretandemergency.recoverprotected according to the backup procedure.- No casual live-database snapshot used as a rollback plan.
- Release manifest signature verified with the manifest as
gpg --verify’s second argument. - Binary checksum verified against the signed manifest.
- Executable replaced or source rebuilt using the same method as the original installation.
- Obsolete or incompatible plugin files addressed.
- Daemon started normally and logs checked for migration or compatibility errors.
- Installed daemon’s version option reports the intended release.
For the official upgrade wording and migration warning, consult Upgrading Core Lightning. For backup-specific handling of channel state, secrets and emergency recovery, use Backup your wallet.
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