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Use the U.S. Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) Weekly Petroleum Status Report (WPSR) as your primary source. It normally arrives at 10:30 a.m. Eastern on Wednesday, although holiday schedules can move the release. For each issue, take commercial crude stocks from Table 4, keep Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) stocks separate, calculate the week-over-week build or draw, and compare it with the EIA’s WTI crude price at Cushing. A draw is evidence about the supply-demand balance—not a guarantee that oil prices will rise—so read production, imports, exports, refinery inputs, product supplied and market expectations alongside the headline stock change.
What the weekly crude inventory report measures
The WPSR is the recurring U.S. petroleum-data release used to monitor changes in crude oil and refined-product inventories. Its crude-stock data provide a snapshot for a defined week ending date, while companion tables describe flows that help explain why inventories moved.
The most important distinction is between commercial crude inventories and the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Commercial stocks represent oil held in the operating petroleum system. SPR stocks belong to the federal emergency reserve. They answer different questions, so record them in separate columns and do not add them together unless your analysis explicitly defines a combined measure.
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When the EIA releases the report
Normal weekly timing
EIA’s published schedule states that the standard release is Wednesday at 10:30 a.m. Eastern time. The EIA information-release portal describes the WPSR as a time-critical release that is usually issued at that time.
| Item | Current published detail |
|---|---|
| Report | Weekly Petroleum Status Report (WPSR) |
| Normal release day | Wednesday |
| Normal release time | 10:30 a.m. Eastern time |
| Schedule caveat | Holiday-adjusted dates and times can change the normal release |
| Latest issue listed on October 17, 2026 | Week ending October 15, 2026 |
Do not build an alert around “every Wednesday” alone. Open the EIA Weekly Petroleum Status Report Schedule before a holiday week and use the date and time shown there. A delayed or advanced release can otherwise look like a missing report or cause you to compare the wrong market session.
A scheduled data change on October 21, 2026
EIA has announced that, beginning October 21, 2026, it will publish third-party spot-price data daily and discontinue WPSR Tables 11 and 12. If your history or spreadsheet currently depends on those tables, verify the replacement links and series when the change takes effect. Keep the old table name in your notes so you can distinguish observations collected before and after the transition.
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A repeatable weekly tracking workflow
The following process keeps dates, units, stock categories and price periods aligned.
- Open the WPSR after the scheduled release. Use the EIA report page and confirm that the issue’s week-ending date is the date you intend to add to your history. The publication date and the week-ending date are not interchangeable.
- Download Table 4. The table is titled “Stocks of Crude Oil by PAD District, and Stocks of Petroleum Products, U.S. Totals.” Choose CSV or XLS when you are building a repeatable history. Retain the PDF when you need a human-readable record of the published report.
- Capture the two crude-stock categories separately. Record U.S. commercial crude stocks in one field and SPR stocks in another. Preserve the unit shown by the table and carry the week-ending date into both records.
- Read the supporting flow data. Collect domestic production, crude imports, crude exports, refinery inputs and product supplied for the same issue. These fields provide the context for a stock build or draw.
- Calculate the weekly change. Subtract the prior week’s value from the current week’s value. A positive result is a build; a negative result is a draw. Label the result in million barrels if that is the unit used in your downloaded series.
- Retrieve the WTI benchmark. Use the EIA crude-oil price series for WTI at Cushing from Table 11 while that table is available, or its successor data page after the October 21 change. Record the price period and whether it is a weekly value or another observation type.
- Compare the inventory move with the price move. Align the WTI observation with the same week or clearly defined release window. Do not compare a weekly average with a single intraday quote without labeling the mismatch.
- Check expectations and flows before explaining the result. Decide whether the reported change differed from what the market expected, then review production, trade, refinery activity and product supplied. Only after those checks should you propose a reason for the price move.
How to use Table 4 correctly
Why Table 4 is the starting point
Table 4 is the key WPSR table for crude inventories. It presents crude stocks by Petroleum Administration for Defense (PAD) District and provides U.S. totals for crude and petroleum products. The U.S. total is the convenient headline for a national series; the PAD District detail can show whether a change was concentrated in a particular region.
For a basic weekly chart, create one row per week-ending date with at least these fields:
- Week ending date
- Commercial crude stocks
- SPR stocks
- Commercial-stock change from the prior week
- SPR-stock change from the prior week
- Build or draw label
Do not silently replace a commercial series with a combined commercial-plus-SPR series. A government reserve movement can have a different operational meaning from a change in commercial storage, and combining them can obscure that distinction.
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- CSV: Efficient for importing a long history into a spreadsheet, database or script.
- XLS: Useful when you want workbook structure and spreadsheet formulas while preserving the published layout.
- PDF: Best for reading the issue as published and retaining a citation copy, but less convenient for automated calculations.
When you append a new row, preserve the original week-ending date and the downloaded file’s units. If you transform the data—for example, from a level into a week-over-week change—keep the source level in a separate column so the calculation can be audited.
Read the flow tables before drawing a conclusion
Domestic production
Production indicates how much crude was supplied from U.S. output during the reporting period. A production change can push inventories in the opposite direction from what a reader might infer from refinery activity alone.
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Crude imports and exports
Imports add barrels to the domestic system, while exports remove them. A stock build can occur alongside strong refinery demand if imports increased more than refinery inputs, and a draw can occur even when domestic production was steady if exports or refinery use were high.
Refinery inputs
Refinery inputs show crude delivered into refineries. Higher inputs generally represent more crude moving out of storage for processing during the reported period; lower inputs can leave more crude in storage. Treat this as one component of the balance rather than a standalone demand measure.
Product supplied
Product supplied is a companion indicator for petroleum use in the domestic market. It helps put refinery activity and finished-product movements in context, but it does not convert the crude-stock number into a guaranteed price signal.
Use the same week-ending date for every flow field. Mixing a flow from one issue with stocks from another can create a plausible-looking but incorrect explanation.
Calculating a build or draw
The basic calculation is:
weekly change = current-week stocks − prior-week stocks
If the result is positive, label it a build. If it is negative, label it a draw. For example, if a series moved from 432.5 million barrels to 430.0 million barrels, the calculation would be 430.0 − 432.5 = −2.5, or a 2.5-million-barrel draw. That is an illustrative calculation; always use the published values for the week you are analyzing.
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1Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minute2Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors3Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesKeep the sign in the numeric column and the plain-language label in a separate column. This prevents a chart or formula from treating a draw as a positive number simply because the word “draw” was entered manually.
Checks before you publish the number
- Confirm that both observations are the same series, such as commercial crude rather than one commercial value and one combined value.
- Confirm that the two observations are consecutive weekly issues, unless you explicitly intend to measure a longer interval.
- Confirm that units and decimal precision match.
- Attach the week-ending date to the calculated change.
- Note any revision or replacement series if the EIA changes the table or data page.
How to compare inventories with WTI prices
Use a consistent benchmark
For a repeatable comparison, use WTI crude oil at Cushing from the EIA price table. EIA states that its weekly and monthly prices are calculated from daily data. Therefore, a weekly WTI value is an aggregation for a defined period, not necessarily the price printed at the moment the inventory report was released.
Record three pieces of information with each price observation:
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- The benchmark: WTI at Cushing
- The period covered by the price: weekly, monthly or another stated period
- The inventory week-ending date used for the comparison
A futures quote, an intraday spot quote and an EIA weekly average can all be useful, but they are not interchangeable. If you use a futures or intraday series, label it separately from the EIA WTI series and explain the timing relationship to the WPSR release.
Build a comparison table or chart
A practical history has one row per WPSR issue and columns for:
- Week ending
- Commercial crude stocks
- Commercial-stock change
- SPR stocks
- WTI Cushing price and price period
- Production, imports, exports, refinery inputs and product supplied
Plot the inventory change and the selected WTI measure in separate panels or on clearly labeled axes. A dual-axis chart can make a visual comparison easier, but it can also exaggerate a relationship when each axis uses a different scale. The underlying row-by-row values should remain available for inspection.
Why a draw does not automatically mean prices will rise
An inventory draw means the reported stock level fell relative to the prior week. It does not, by itself, establish that demand exceeded supply in every part of the market or that traders were surprised by the result. Prices reflect expectations and a wider set of information, so an apparently bullish inventory number can coincide with a falling price.
The reverse is also possible: a build can occur while prices rise. The market may have expected a larger build, may be responding to another supply or demand development, or may be focusing on information outside the weekly stock release.
No universal official statistic establishes a fixed price response for every build or draw. Treat the stock change as evidence to test against expectations and the accompanying flow data, not as a one-variable trading rule.
| Observed combination | What it tells you | What it does not prove |
|---|---|---|
| Stocks draw; WTI rises | The two measures moved in the direction many readers associate with tighter supply | That the draw alone caused the price increase |
| Stocks draw; WTI falls | Other information or expectations outweighed the reported draw during the comparison period | That the inventory data were irrelevant or incorrect |
| Stocks build; WTI falls | The stock increase coincided with a price move often associated with more available supply | That the build was larger than expected or was the dominant market factor |
| Stocks build; WTI rises | Expectations or other market information outweighed the stock increase | That inventories have no relationship to prices |
Use the table as a description of co-movement, not a causal model. The next step in every case is to inspect the expected result and the production, trade and refinery fields for the same issue.
Ways to organize your tracking system
Official release-time workflow
The EIA WPSR is the reference point when you need the published number and its exact week-ending date. Check the holiday-adjusted schedule, download the issue, and update your history after publication. This is the strongest option for an auditable record because the source, table title and release context remain attached to the observation.
Downloadable data workflow
CSV or XLS downloads are the practical choice for a multi-week history, formulas and charts. They support a clean sequence of source levels, calculated changes and price-period labels. Keep a copy of the PDF when a human-readable snapshot is important.
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Chart-only review
A chart-only interface can be convenient for a quick visual check, but it may hide whether the series is commercial crude, includes the SPR, uses a weekly average or reflects a different benchmark. Use it as a viewing layer only after you have identified the underlying EIA series and date definition.
Alerts and end-of-day review
A release-time alert helps you review the number near the publication window. An end-of-day review gives you more time to incorporate the price response and other market information. Choose one or use both, but record the release time and the price observation period so the workflow is reproducible.
Commercial-only versus commercial-plus-SPR coverage
Commercial-only coverage is usually the clearest choice for monitoring operating-market inventories. A combined view can be created for a specific analytical purpose, but it must show the separate commercial and SPR components so readers can see what drove the total.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Build a durable spreadsheet or database history
Start with a source-data sheet that preserves the downloaded values exactly as published. Add a calculation sheet that derives changes and labels, and a notes field for schedule changes, revisions or replacement links.
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A useful row layout is:
| Column | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Week ending | Anchors every stock, flow and price observation to the reporting period |
| Commercial crude stocks | Primary operating-market inventory level |
| SPR stocks | Federal reserve inventory kept separate from commercial stocks |
| Commercial change | Current commercial level minus prior commercial level |
| Build/draw label | Readable interpretation of the sign |
| Production | Domestic crude supply context |
| Imports and exports | Trade-flow context |
| Refinery inputs | Crude movement into refineries |
| Product supplied | Companion petroleum-use indicator |
| WTI Cushing price | Benchmark value used for comparison |
| Price period | Identifies whether the value is weekly, monthly or another period |
| Source note | Records the table, file type, schedule exception or successor series |
When the October 21, 2026 table change arrives, add a source-note entry rather than overwriting the historical table name. That preserves the distinction between the original WPSR price table and the replacement data page.
Common mistakes and how to fix them
Watching the calendar instead of the official schedule
Symptom: You expect a Wednesday release that does not appear at the usual time.
Fix: Check the EIA schedule for holiday-adjusted dates and times before assuming the report is late.
Using the publication date as the inventory date
Symptom: A chart appears to show a price move occurring in the inventory week when it actually uses the release day.
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Combining commercial and SPR stocks without saying so
Symptom: Your series differs from a commonly quoted commercial-inventory figure.
Fix: Keep separate columns and name any combined calculation explicitly.
Comparing mismatched price periods
Symptom: A weekly EIA WTI average is described as the price immediately after the release.
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Fix: State the price period and use a separate intraday or futures field if you need a release-window reaction.
Assuming correlation is causation
Symptom: Every draw is described as bullish and every build as bearish.
Fix: Compare the reported number with expectations and inspect production, imports, exports, refinery inputs and product supplied before assigning a cause.
Failing to adapt to the Table 11 and 12 change
Symptom: An automated download breaks or a new price series no longer matches the old table format after October 21, 2026.
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Fix: Verify EIA’s successor data page, update the import path, and document the transition in your notes.
A weekly checklist
- Check the EIA release schedule for the correct date and time.
- Open the newly issued WPSR and confirm the week-ending date.
- Download Table 4 in CSV or XLS for analysis and retain the PDF when a readable record is useful.
- Record commercial crude and SPR stocks separately.
- Calculate the week-over-week change and label it build or draw.
- Read production, imports, exports, refinery inputs and product supplied for the same issue.
- Retrieve WTI at Cushing from the current EIA price source.
- Record whether the WTI value is a weekly average or another price observation.
- Compare the inventory move with the price move only after aligning dates and periods.
- Check expectations and other supply-flow information before writing a causal explanation.
- For issues after October 21, 2026, verify the replacement for discontinued WPSR Tables 11 and 12.
Bottom line
The most defensible weekly routine is simple but disciplined: use the EIA WPSR, follow its holiday-adjusted schedule, take commercial crude stocks from Table 4, keep SPR stocks separate, calculate the dated build or draw, and pair it with a clearly labeled WTI Cushing price period. Treat the result as one piece of supply-and-demand evidence. Expectations and the accompanying production, trade, refinery and product-supplied data determine whether the inventory number helps explain the price move.
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