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You can check both income-tax refunds and outstanding demands after signing in to India’s income-tax e-Filing portal. Refunds are under e-File > Income Tax Returns > View Filed Returns; demands are under Pending Actions > Response to Outstanding Demand. From those screens you can see the relevant assessment year, follow processing or payment status, pay a valid demand, dispute an incorrect one, or reissue a refund that failed because of bank-account details.
What you need before checking the portal
Have the registered e-Filing user ID and password ready. Depending on your account and login method, the portal may also require a second factor, such as an OTP, net-banking authentication, bank or demat EVC, or a digital signature certificate (DSC).
- Aadhaar-linked PAN: The refund service lists a PAN linked with Aadhaar among its prerequisites.
- Filed return with a refund claim: A refund can be tracked only when the relevant income-tax return includes a refund claim.
- Completed e-Verification: Refund processing starts only after the return is e-verified.
- Correct assessment year: Select the assessment year for the return or demand you are investigating. A financial year and its assessment year are different labels, so use the year shown on the return acknowledgement or intimation.
- Validated bank account: A validated account is needed for a successful refund credit and for a refund reissue request.
If you are checking on behalf of a company, trust, or another taxpayer, sign in to the corresponding account rather than assuming that your individual dashboard contains every record.
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Open the filed-return details
- Sign in to the income-tax e-Filing portal with the registered user ID and password.
- Complete the additional authentication requested by the portal, if prompted.
- Open e-File.
- Select Income Tax Returns, then View Filed Returns.
- Choose the assessment year you want to investigate.
- Select View Details for that return.
The details page shows the return and refund lifecycle recorded for that assessment year. Use the acknowledgement, processing, and refund information on that page to establish whether the return is still being processed, a refund has been issued, or a payment attempt has failed.
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Read “Refund Awaited” correctly
The dashboard’s Filing Status area can show Refund Awaited. After processing and accounting, this figure represents the refund expected to be issued for that assessment year. It is an account-level status, not a promise that the amount will be credited immediately.
The department’s refund manual gives usual credit guidance of four to five weeks after the return is processed. That is operational guidance rather than a guaranteed deadline. Bank validation, return verification, processing, and the actual credit date can affect the elapsed time.
What to check when a refund is still pending
- Confirm that the return was e-verified. Processing does not start before e-Verification.
- Open the return details and read the latest processing or intimation message.
- Check the registered email address for an intimation, correction request, or refund-failure notice.
- Confirm that the bank account selected for the refund is validated and still open.
- Check that the account holder name matches the name associated with the PAN and that the IFSC is correct.
- Look for an outstanding demand. A confirmed demand may be adjusted against a refund instead of being paid to you.
A refund that is simply being processed is different from one marked as failed. Do not submit a reissue request while the portal still treats the original refund as an ordinary pending payment.
How to find an outstanding tax demand
Open the demand-response service
- Sign in to the e-Filing portal and complete any requested second-factor authentication.
- Open Pending Actions.
- Select Response to Outstanding Demand.
- Review the assessment year, demand amount, issuing authority, and current action required for each entry.
The service covers demands raised by the Centralized Processing Centre (CPC) or by an Assessing Officer (AO). It can display both past and current demands and identifies whether an item is awaiting payment or your response.
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Understand the dashboard’s “Demand Estimated” figure
In Filing Status, Demand Estimated refers to the outstanding demand recorded for that assessment year after processing and accounting. Treat it as a signal to open the detailed demand service; the detailed entry is where you can see the item requiring payment or a disagreement response.
If no demand appears, first verify that you are in the correct taxpayer account and have selected the correct assessment year. A demand belonging to another PAN, another entity, or another year will not appear in the current view.
How to respond to a demand
If the demand is correct: pay it
- Open Pending Actions > Response to Outstanding Demand.
- Select the relevant demand.
- Review the amount and assessment year.
- Choose Pay Now.
- Complete the payment flow and retain the confirmation or receipt for your records.
Use this route when the demand agrees with your records and you do not intend to challenge the underlying adjustment.
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- Open the demand from the response service.
- Choose Disagree with demand.
- Select the reason that applies to your case.
- Enter the requested explanation and supporting details.
- Submit the response and save the acknowledgement.
Make the explanation specific. Identify the return, payment, credit, rectification, or other record that makes the demand incorrect instead of entering a general objection.
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If only part of the demand is wrong
Select the partial-disagreement option, provide the reason and details for the disputed portion, and pay the undisputed portion. Leaving the accepted amount unpaid can create a separate payment issue even when the disputed part is under review.
| Your position | Portal action | Information to provide |
|---|---|---|
| The entire demand is correct | Pay Now | Complete payment and retain the receipt. |
| The entire demand is incorrect | Disagree with demand in full | Select a reason and submit supporting details. |
| Only part is incorrect | Disagree in part and pay the undisputed portion | State why the disputed amount is wrong and settle the balance you accept. |
Why responding matters
The Income Tax Department’s outstanding-demand FAQ warns that if you do not respond, the demand will be confirmed and adjusted against any refund due, or shown as payable against your PAN when no refund is due. A missing response can therefore reduce or eliminate a refund that would otherwise have been credited.
How to fix a failed refund
Check the bank details first
A refund can fail when the bank account is not validated, the account-holder name does not match the PAN record, the IFSC is wrong, or the account has been closed. Review each item in the bank-account area before requesting reissue.
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- Check spelling and order of the account-holder name against the PAN record.
- Confirm the current IFSC rather than relying on an old passbook entry.
- Remove or replace a closed account.
Submit a refund reissue request
- Sign in after the portal marks the original refund as failed.
- Open Services.
- Select Refund Reissue.
- Choose a validated bank account.
- Complete the portal’s e-Verification step.
- Submit the request and note the acknowledgement.
- Monitor View Refund Reissue Request for subsequent status changes.
Refund Reissue is for a failed refund. It is not a shortcut for an ordinary refund that is still in processing, nor can it cure an unprocessed or unverified return.
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Refund tracking versus demand tracking
| Question | Refund workflow | Demand workflow |
|---|---|---|
| Where do you start? | e-File > Income Tax Returns > View Filed Returns | Pending Actions > Response to Outstanding Demand |
| What do you select? | The relevant assessment year, then View Details | The demand entry requiring payment or response |
| What does the dashboard show? | Refund Awaited | Demand Estimated |
| What action is available? | Review processing, credit, or failure status; request reissue only after failure | Pay Now, or disagree fully or partly with reasons and details |
| What can affect the outcome? | e-Verification, bank validation, name, IFSC, account status, and processing | Assessment-year selection, demand authority, payment, and the completeness of your disagreement |
Troubleshooting common portal problems
No demand is listed
- Check that you signed in to the account connected to the relevant PAN or entity.
- Recheck the assessment year.
- Reload the Response to Outstanding Demand page and sign in again if necessary.
- Compare the portal view with the latest processing or intimation message.
A demand may not be visible in the year or account you first opened. Do not infer that no liability exists solely from an incorrectly filtered view.
The disagreement page says there is no revised or rectified return record
The official FAQ advises retrying the submission. If the error persists, validate the acknowledgement number from the revised-return or rectification request and enter the confirmed number when the portal asks for it.
The refund remains unresolved after processing
Read the ITR processing or intimation message and the registered email for a reason code or correction request. Recheck bank validation and the PAN-name match. If the portal explicitly marks the refund as failed, use Services > Refund Reissue with a validated account and complete e-Verification.
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You received a demand after expecting a refund
Open the detailed demand entry before assuming that the refund calculation is wrong. A confirmed demand can be adjusted against the refund. If the demand is accurate, pay it; if it is not, submit a full or partial disagreement with the relevant details. The demand screen, rather than the headline dashboard number, is the place to determine the required action.
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Records to keep after every action
- The assessment year and acknowledgement number.
- Screenshots or downloaded confirmations showing the refund or demand status.
- Payment receipts for a demand and evidence of any undisputed amount paid.
- The submitted disagreement reason and supporting documents.
- The refund-reissue acknowledgement and the selected bank account.
- Processing intimations and registered-email messages that explain an adjustment or failure.
Keep these records together because a later correction, rectification, or professional review may require the exact acknowledgement number and transaction trail.
When self-service is not enough
The portal workflows are suitable for checking status, paying an accepted demand, submitting a basic disagreement, and reissuing a failed refund. A tax professional may be useful when the demand involves several assessment years, a complicated credit mismatch, a disputed adjustment, a rectification history, or a material amount that you cannot reconcile from the intimation and return records.
Before seeking help, download or record the demand details, return acknowledgement, processing intimation, payment evidence, and any failed-refund message. That gives the adviser a complete timeline instead of only a dashboard number.
Quick Recap
A practical decision checklist
- Identify the year: Match the assessment year in the portal with the return or intimation you are reviewing.
- Choose the service: Use View Filed Returns for a refund and Response to Outstanding Demand for a liability.
- Read the detailed entry: Do not rely only on Refund Awaited or Demand Estimated.
- Check verification: A refund cannot begin processing before e-Verification.
- Check the bank: Validate the account and confirm the PAN-name match, IFSC, and account status.
- Act on a demand: Pay a correct demand, dispute an incorrect one, or pay the undisputed portion in a partial disagreement.
- Use reissue only for failure: Submit Refund Reissue after the portal marks the refund failed, then monitor View Refund Reissue Request.
- Save proof: Retain acknowledgements, receipts, messages, and submitted explanations.
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