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To start an aerospace career, choose a role first, then match your education and hands-on experience to its actual requirements. Aerospace includes engineering jobs and skilled technical work: a bachelor’s degree is typical for aerospace engineers, while technicians and technologists often enter through an associate degree or, with some employers, a certificate or high-school education.
How do I start a career in aerospace?
Use these ten steps to turn a broad interest in aircraft or space into a role-specific plan. The examples and employment figures here are U.S.-based; qualifications differ by employer, occupation, project, and location.
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Explore the breadth of aerospace
Aerospace work supports aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, launch vehicles, defense systems, and the systems used to design, test, manufacture, operate, and maintain them. Engineers and technical workers are two important parts of the workforce, alongside other specialties.
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Pick a role to investigate
Aeronautical work concerns flight within Earth’s atmosphere; astronautical work concerns spacecraft. Aerospace engineering specialties include structures, aerodynamics, propulsion, robotics, and guidance, navigation, and control. Engineers design, develop, and test vehicles and systems. Aerospace engineering and operations technicians and technologists help run and maintain equipment used in development, testing, production, and sustainment.
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Start with the work you want to do—designing, analyzing, building, testing, or operating equipment—rather than assuming that every aerospace job is an engineering job.
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Match the credential to the role
A bachelor’s degree in aerospace engineering or a related field is typical for entry into aerospace engineer positions. Technician and technologist roles typically call for an associate degree, although some employers consider a certificate or high-school education. These are occupational patterns, not universal rules: check the requirements for the specific job you want.
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Build your math and science foundation
Math, physics, and chemistry are useful preparation. Engineering programs generally include calculus and other advanced mathematics, as well as classroom, laboratory, and field work. If you are still in school, strengthen those fundamentals; if you are changing careers, compare prerequisite courses with the requirements of programs and jobs you are considering.
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Choose a program with relevant practical learning
Look at the curriculum, laboratory access, project work, and opportunities to connect coursework to aerospace problems. Employers may prefer graduates of accredited aerospace engineering programs, and accreditation is usually required for engineering licensure. However, licensure is not required for entry-level aerospace engineer positions.
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Make something and document your contribution
Build evidence of applied skill through a suitable class project, lab, student team, challenge, or personal project. Keep a concise record of the problem, your role, the tools or methods you used, and what you learned. A portfolio is practical advice, not a universal hiring requirement; be precise about what you personally contributed.
NASA offers hands-on learning opportunities through internships, challenges, and competitions. Its FY2025 STEM Impacts Report describes programs that connect students with missions, mentors, and practical experiences, and presents them as routes toward jobs at NASA and across the aerospace industry: NASA FY2025 STEM Impacts Report.
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Seek internships and co-ops
College co-op programs and internships can provide practical experience. NASA’s Office of STEM Engagement (OSTEM) internships are short-term and project-based; NASA lists a 10-week summer session and 15-week fall and spring sessions. Its Pathways internships are developmental federal internships with rotations and the possibility of conversion to full-time civil service employment after successful completion and applicable conditions.
Special offer. See more information about Outbyte and uninstall instructions. Please review EULA and Privacy policy.NASA lists U.S. citizenship and a minimum age of 16 for both programs. Review the live program page and each opening for current eligibility, deadlines, and other requirements: NASA Internship Programs. Admission or completion does not guarantee employment.
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Consider the technical route
If you prefer equipment, testing, manufacturing, or operations, investigate aerospace engineering technology associate degrees and certificate programs alongside four-year engineering degrees. Compare curricula with the duties and credentials named in actual technician, technologist, and engineering listings. NASA’s 2026 skilled technical workforce initiative is one example of efforts to coordinate NASA, industry, education, and regional partners to support routes into technical aerospace jobs, including routes that may not require a bachelor’s degree: NASA skilled technical workforce initiative.
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Prepare an application for a specific role
Use current employer postings to identify the qualifications that matter. Tailor your résumé to relevant coursework, lab work, projects, teamwork, and software or equipment experience you actually have. There is no single résumé format or universal software toolkit established for all aerospace jobs, so avoid listing tools simply because they sound industry-related.
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Keep learning and verify constraints
Before applying, check each listing for degree, experience, location, citizenship, and clearance requirements. Defense-related projects may require security clearance, and some clearance types and levels require U.S. citizenship. NASA’s listed internship eligibility also includes citizenship; that does not establish the rules for unrelated employers or jobs. Experienced engineers may pursue a Professional Engineer license, but it is not an entry-level requirement for aerospace engineering positions.
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What do aerospace jobs pay, and what is the outlook?
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics figures provide national context for two specific occupations, not a promise of starting pay or a forecast for every aerospace job.
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| U.S. occupation | Employment or wage figure | Projection |
|---|---|---|
| Aerospace engineers | About 68,700 jobs in 2025; median annual wage of $134,960 in May 2025 | Employment projected to grow 8% from 2025 to 2035; about 3,800 openings per year on average over that decade |
| Aerospace engineering and operations technologists and technicians | Median annual wage of $82,890 in May 2025 | Employment projected to grow 12% from 2025 to 2035 |
These are U.S. national occupational estimates. Wage medians include workers with different experience levels and in different locations; they are not entry-level salary guarantees or local forecasts. See the BLS profiles for aerospace engineers and aerospace engineering and operations technologists and technicians.
What should students and career changers check before committing?
- Confirm the job family: decide whether the target work is engineering, technical operations, testing, or another specialty.
- Compare actual postings: note recurring education, experience, location, citizenship, and clearance requirements for roles that interest you.
- Check program fit: compare course prerequisites, practical learning, and credential outcomes against the target role.
- Verify time-sensitive opportunities: NASA internship sessions, eligibility details, and application dates can depend on the current opening. A NASA community college challenge article published September 2, 2026 described one learning and competition opportunity, but its application window was time-limited; use the current official page for availability: NASA Community College Aerospace Scholars.
For readers outside the United States, the degree, licensing, and work-authorization details in this guide may not apply; verify local requirements. The U.S. occupational estimates above should not be treated as figures for another country.
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