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To self-host Tiki Wiki, provision an Ubuntu Server VPS, install the release-compatible Apache, PHP and MariaDB stack, create an empty database, and complete Tiki’s browser installer. Apache is the safest default because it is the web server most widely tested in Tiki’s documentation. For a public wiki, add an Apache virtual host, enable rewrite rules, and protect the site with HTTPS before inviting users.
The commands and settings below are a deployment plan rather than a substitute for the requirements of a particular Tiki branch. PHP extensions, supported PHP versions and build tooling can change between releases, so select your Tiki version first and check its release-specific matrix.
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Tiki is a PHP application designed for a LAMP-style environment. Its requirements documentation says it can run on a PHP-capable server such as Apache, nginx, IIS or lighttpd, but Apache is the most widely tested and used path. Tiki requires a MariaDB, MySQL or Percona Server for MySQL database.
Choose a release and pin the platform
Decide which Tiki branch you will run before creating the VPS. The branch determines the supported PHP range and the extensions you must install. Ubuntu 24.04 ships with PHP 8.3 or newer, while older Ubuntu releases have different package versions. Do not assume that a command written for one Tiki branch or Ubuntu release will be valid for another.
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- Use an Ubuntu Server LTS image and record its exact release.
- Choose a Tiki release and keep its upgrade notes with your deployment records.
- Check the branch’s PHP, database and extension matrix immediately before installation.
- If you plan to build Tiki 27 or later from the command line, plan for Node.js 18 or newer and npm 10 or newer as the example baseline documented for that workflow.
VPS capacity
Tiki’s requirements page lists 512 MB of RAM and 100 MB of free storage as minimum server resources. Those figures are bare minimums, not a sensible production size. Attachments, search indexes, database growth, logs, backups and concurrent users all need additional headroom. Select a larger VPS when the wiki will store documents, serve many users or run scheduled indexing and backup jobs.
| Resource or choice | What the documentation establishes | Practical deployment interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| Memory | 512 MB minimum | Use more than the minimum for PHP workers, MariaDB, search and simultaneous users. |
| Storage | 100 MB free minimum | Reserve space for uploaded files, database growth, logs, snapshots and at least one local backup. |
| Web server | Apache, nginx, IIS and lighttpd are possible; Apache is most widely tested | Choose Apache unless you already operate nginx and understand the required rewrite and PHP configuration. |
| Database | MariaDB, MySQL or Percona Server for MySQL | Use the family and version supported by your selected Tiki branch. |
| Build tooling for Tiki 27+ source workflows | Node.js 18+ and npm 10+ example baseline | Install these only when your chosen command-line or source workflow requires them. |
Prepare Ubuntu and secure the VPS
Connect and patch the host
After creating the VPS, connect over SSH with an account that can use sudo. Apply Ubuntu updates before installing the application:
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sudo apt-get upgradeReboot if Ubuntu reports that a kernel or system service needs it, then reconnect and confirm the host is running the release you selected. For a public server, use SSH keys, disable password login after testing key access, and restrict SSH in your provider firewall or host firewall. These are host-hardening measures; they are separate from Tiki’s own installer.
Set DNS before requesting a certificate
Create an A or AAAA record for the hostname that will serve the wiki. Use the final hostname consistently in the Apache virtual host and in the certificate request. If DNS has not propagated, you can install Tiki locally on the VPS, but browser-based HTTPS validation will not work until the name resolves to the server.
Install the LAMP components and Tiki dependencies
Install Apache, MariaDB and PHP
Install the core services and the PHP modules required by your chosen release. A typical Ubuntu package set contains Apache, MariaDB, PHP’s command-line and FPM components, database support and common Tiki extensions:
sudo apt-get install apache2 mariadb-server
php php-cli php-fpm php-mysql php-gd php-xml php-bcmath
php-curl php-intl php-mbstring php-zip unzip composerUbuntu package names can vary by release, especially when a branch requires a non-default PHP version. If apt cannot find a module or installs a PHP version outside Tiki’s matrix, stop and resolve the version choice rather than forcing the installer to run.
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The extensions above cover the categories called out in the Ubuntu installation guidance: CLI/FPM support, Composer, GD, XML, bcmath, curl, intl, multibyte strings, MySQL connectivity and ZIP handling. A specific Tiki release may require additional modules or a different package arrangement.
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Confirm the versions and loaded modules
php -v
php -m
apache2 -v
mariadb --version
node --version
npm --versionThe final two commands are relevant only if you installed Node.js and npm for a source or command-line build. For Tiki 27 or later, the documented example baseline is Node.js 18+ and npm 10+; older or newer Tiki branches may set different requirements.
Install Node.js and npm when the workflow needs them
Package archives intended for a stable deployment may not need a JavaScript build step. A Git or source checkout, and the command-line procedure documented for Tiki 27+, can require a recent Node.js/npm toolchain. Install a supported Node.js release for your Ubuntu version, verify that it meets the branch’s matrix, and run Tiki’s setup or build script exactly as specified for that release. Do not copy a setup command from another branch: build scripts and dependency lockfiles can change.
Place Tiki in the web root
Choose an archive or source checkout
For a predictable production deployment, use the release package that matches the branch you selected. A Git/source workflow is useful when you need the project’s development history or documented build process, but it introduces Composer and, for newer branches, Node.js/npm steps. Keep the release directory outside temporary download locations and make a note of the exact version.
Place the application in a dedicated document root, for example /var/www/tiki. The precise archive name and extraction command depend on the release you selected, so use that release’s installation instructions rather than guessing a URL or filename.
Set ownership and permissions
Apache must be able to read the application and write only to directories that Tiki identifies as writable. After copying the files, set the document root and ownership according to the release instructions. Avoid making the entire tree world-writable. A safe pattern is to keep application code owned by a deployment account, grant Apache access through the group, and give write permission only to upload, cache, temporary and configuration locations that the installer explicitly names.
Before opening the installer, check that the web server user can write the required directories and that no backup archives, Git metadata or environment files are exposed under the public document root.
Create the MariaDB database and account
Run the database hardening step
On a new MariaDB installation, run the distribution’s hardening utility and remove anonymous accounts and test databases if it offers those choices. Keep the administrative account separate from the account Tiki will use.
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Create an empty database and least-privilege user
Tiki’s general installation flow expects a blank database and credentials before the browser installer starts. Log in to MariaDB as an administrator and create a database, a dedicated user and a strong password. The exact character set and collation should follow the selected Tiki release’s database guidance; do not substitute values copied from an unrelated application.
sudo mariadbInside the MariaDB prompt, use statements in this pattern, replacing the database name, username and password with unique values:
CREATE DATABASE tiki CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
CREATE USER 'tiki_app'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'use-a-long-random-password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON tiki.* TO 'tiki_app'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;Confirm that the account can connect to the empty database, but do not grant it global administrative privileges. Store the password in a password manager; Tiki will need it during installation and for future maintenance.
Configure Apache for Tiki and clean URLs
Enable rewrite support
Tiki’s Ubuntu procedure calls for Apache rewrite support. Enable the module and restart Apache:
sudo a2enmod rewrite
sudo systemctl restart apache2Without rewrite rules, links may expose index.php or fail when users open a page directly. Tiki’s own configuration and the release’s supplied rules determine the final clean-URL behavior, so do not replace them with rules from a different CMS.
Create a dedicated virtual host
Use a site-specific Apache configuration rather than leaving the wiki in the default site. For a hostname such as wiki.example.net, create a file under /etc/apache2/sites-available/ with the document root you selected:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName wiki.example.net
DocumentRoot /var/www/tiki
<Directory /var/www/tiki>
AllowOverride All
Options FollowSymLinks
Require all granted
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/tiki-error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/tiki-access.log combined
</VirtualHost>Replace the hostname and path with your values. Check the configuration before reloading:
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sudo a2ensite tiki.conf
sudo apache2ctl configtest
sudo systemctl reload apache2If the test reports an error, fix it before reloading. A common cause is a typo in the document root or a conflicting site definition. Once the site responds, disable the default site if it is catching requests intended for the wiki:
sudo a2dissite 000-default.conf
sudo systemctl reload apache2Run Tiki’s web installer
Open the installer
Browse to the hostname and follow Tiki’s installation screens. The installer checks server capabilities, asks for the database connection and writes db/local.php. It then creates Tiki’s tables and initial data in the database.
- Enter the database host, database name, user and password you created for Tiki.
- Choose the installation language and the options appropriate for your site.
- Allow the installer to create
db/local.phpwhen the directory permissions permit it. - Complete the administrator account setup and record the credentials securely.
- Wait for schema and data creation to finish; do not refresh or close the page during a long database operation.
When the installer cannot write the configuration
If Tiki reports that it cannot create db/local.php, stop the installer and correct ownership or permissions on the specific configuration directory. Do not make the whole document root writable as a shortcut. After the file is created, remove any temporary write access that is no longer required and verify that the file is not downloadable through Apache.
When database connection fails
- Check that MariaDB is running with
sudo systemctl status mariadb. - Confirm the database name and username exactly, including letter case where relevant.
- Test the account locally with the same credentials.
- Confirm that the account is allowed from the host shown in the installer, usually
localhost. - Review MariaDB and Apache/PHP logs for authentication, socket or extension errors.
Enable HTTPS for a public wiki
Enable Apache SSL and the SSL site
The Ubuntu installation guidance documents enabling Apache SSL and the default SSL site. Start with the module and site:
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sudo a2ensite default-ssl
sudo systemctl reload apache2For a real deployment, use a certificate issued for your wiki hostname and configure the certificate, key and intermediate chain in a dedicated HTTPS virtual host. The official procedure describes the Apache-side steps but does not prescribe a commercial certificate vendor. Follow the certificate authority’s current renewal and validation method, then redirect HTTP to HTTPS after confirming the secure site works.
Verify the certificate and application behavior
- Open the HTTPS hostname and confirm the certificate name matches the hostname.
- Sign in, create a test page and open that page directly to verify rewrite behavior over HTTPS.
- Upload a small test file and confirm it is retrievable only through the intended URL.
- Check browser developer tools and Apache logs for mixed-content or redirect loops.
- Update any site URL setting inside Tiki so generated links use HTTPS.
Post-installation checks that prevent unpleasant surprises
Before inviting users, test the operations that matter to your wiki rather than stopping at the installer’s success page.
- Authentication: sign in and out with the administrator account, then create a normal user and verify its permissions.
- Pages: create, edit, rename and delete a test page; open it through a clean URL.
- Files: upload a document within the configured limit, download it, and confirm storage permissions.
- Search: confirm that newly created content becomes searchable after the site’s indexing process.
- Mail: test password-reset or notification mail and inspect the mail server logs if delivery fails.
- Scheduled work: verify any cron or scheduled tasks your configuration depends on.
- Backups: back up both the database and the Tiki files, then perform a restore to a separate test location.
- Updates: document the Tiki version, Ubuntu release, PHP version, enabled modules and database version so future upgrades can be planned against the correct matrix.
Choosing between common deployment paths
| Decision | Best fit | Trade-off |
|---|---|---|
| Apache or nginx | Apache for the most directly documented path | nginx is supported as a PHP-capable server but may require different rewrite and FastCGI configuration. |
| MariaDB or MySQL-family server | Whichever version is listed for the selected Tiki branch | Changing database families later can add migration work; choose deliberately at the start. |
| Release archive or Git/source | Archive for a stable, repeatable installation | Source workflows offer development flexibility but can require Composer, Node.js/npm and build scripts. |
| Minimum VPS or larger instance | Larger instance when attachments, indexing or multiple users are expected | The documented 512 MB RAM and 100 MB storage figures leave little operating headroom. |
Troubleshooting by symptom
Apache shows the wrong site
Check the requested hostname, DNS record, enabled sites and ServerName. Run apache2ctl -S to see which virtual host Apache selected. Disable the default site if it captures the request, then reload Apache after a successful configuration test.
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Every page except the home page returns 404
Confirm that mod_rewrite is enabled, the virtual host permits overrides with AllowOverride All, and Tiki’s supplied rewrite file is present in the document root. Reload Apache and test a newly created page directly.
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PHP files download instead of executing
Apache is not connected to the PHP handler. Verify the PHP package and FPM service for your Ubuntu release, enable the matching Apache PHP/FPM integration described by that release, and reload Apache. Do not leave a site serving source code to visitors.
Uploads fail or disappear
Check Tiki’s upload size settings, PHP limits and free disk space, then verify write permission only on the directories Tiki designates for uploads and temporary files. Review Apache and PHP logs for permission or size-limit errors.
HTTPS redirects loop
Inspect both the HTTP and HTTPS virtual hosts, any reverse proxy in front of the VPS and Tiki’s configured site URL. Ensure the proxy forwards the original HTTPS scheme when one is present, and avoid adding multiple competing redirects.
Maintenance and upgrade discipline
Keep Ubuntu patched, monitor disk usage and review Apache, PHP and MariaDB logs. Before upgrading Tiki, take a tested database and file backup, read the target branch’s requirements, and confirm that the installed PHP version and extensions remain supported. Source-based upgrades may require rerunning Composer or Node.js/npm build steps; archive-based upgrades may follow a different procedure. Perform the upgrade on a staging copy first when the wiki is business-critical, then verify login, page edits, uploads, search, mail and scheduled tasks after the change.
A self-hosted Tiki installation is successful when the application, database, web server, URL rewriting, TLS and recovery process all work together. Treat the minimum resource figures as a starting point, keep the platform tied to a specific supported release, and preserve a tested restore path.
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