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To self-host Cachet reliably, deploy the 3.x application on a supported 64-bit Linux VPS, put it behind HTTPS on a dedicated status subdomain, and give its database and uploaded assets persistent storage. The official project currently requires PHP 8.3 or later, Composer, and MariaDB, MySQL, PostgreSQL, or SQLite. You can run those dependencies directly on Linux or use the official Docker Compose workflow. Docker is usually quicker to reproduce; a manual installation fits teams that already operate PHP services. Either way, availability during an incident depends more on isolation, backups, monitoring, and a tested recovery plan than on the installation method.
What Cachet does and what this deployment must provide
Cachet is an open-source, self-hosted status-page application. It presents the state of the services you choose to publish, lets operators post incident updates, and can publish scheduled maintenance. The application is a web service backed by a database, with a public hostname in front of it. Your VPS therefore needs to provide four things:
- An application runtime: Cachet 3.x requires PHP 8.3 or newer and Composer.
- Persistent data: use MariaDB, MySQL, PostgreSQL, or SQLite, plus durable storage for any uploaded assets.
- A public endpoint: point a dedicated status subdomain at the VPS and terminate TLS before traffic reaches Cachet.
- Independent operations: keep the page, its database, and its monitoring path separate from the systems whose health it reports whenever your outage requirements demand that.
A status page hosted on the same network, account, or control plane as your production application can disappear with that application. Independence is not a guarantee—your DNS provider, VPS host, and certificate path can still fail—but separating the page removes a major shared failure domain.
Choose Docker or a manual Linux installation
Both approaches run the same Cachet application. The difference is where the runtime and operational boundaries live.
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| Decision area | Docker/Compose | Manual installation |
|---|---|---|
| Dependency isolation | Packages the application runtime and its dependencies in containers; the host mainly supplies Docker and storage. | Uses the host’s PHP 8.3+ installation, Composer, web server, and database packages. |
| Reproducibility | Compose files and an image or build context can be recorded and recreated on another VPS. | Reproduction depends on documented operating-system packages, PHP modules, Composer state, and web-server configuration. |
| Upgrade control | Pin a stable Cachet release and image/build inputs; run migrations deliberately. | Pin the source release and dependency versions; run the documented upgrade and migration procedure. |
| Operational visibility | Inspect container status and container logs, as well as the reverse proxy and host. | Inspect host service logs, PHP/application logs, the web server, and the database directly. |
| Recovery | Back up database data, uploaded assets, environment values, and named volumes or bind-mount locations. | Back up the database, uploaded assets, application configuration, and the source/dependency state needed to rebuild. |
| Best fit | A team that wants a repeatable deployment and already operates Compose. | A team that standardizes PHP applications directly on Linux and has host-level service automation. |
Do not treat Docker as a backup strategy. A new container is disposable; the database and persistent files are not. Conversely, a manual install is not automatically more reliable simply because it has fewer containers. Pick the path your team can patch, observe, restore, and hand over at 03:00.
Prepare the Linux VPS before installing Cachet
Use a supported, restricted host
- Choose a supported 64-bit Linux distribution and apply current security updates.
- Create a non-root administrative account. Use SSH keys rather than password authentication, and restrict SSH by source address when practical.
- Enable the host firewall with only the required public services: HTTP and HTTPS. Keep SSH restricted to your administration sources.
- Install or enable automatic security updates, and decide who receives alerts when an update requires a reboot.
Cachet’s application port should not be your public listener. Bind it to the host or an internal container network and let a reverse proxy accept internet traffic. This gives you one place to enforce TLS, redirects, request limits, and access logging.
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Set DNS and the public hostname
- Choose a dedicated name such as
status.example.comrather than placing the page under the primary application domain. - Create an A or AAAA record for the VPS address. If you use an edge proxy, follow that provider’s origin and certificate requirements and retain a direct recovery path.
- Wait for the record to resolve from outside your network before requesting a certificate.
- Plan an alternate communication channel and, if possible, a pre-written maintenance page for a DNS, VPS, or email-provider outage.
Protect data and secrets from the start
Use persistent storage for the database. In Compose, choose named volumes or explicit bind mounts and record their locations. In a manual installation, place the database on a persistent filesystem and identify the directory containing uploaded assets. Store the environment file and the Cachet APP_KEY with restrictive permissions; never commit either to a public repository. The application key is a secret, not a cosmetic setting: treat it like a credential and rotate related access when staff or systems change.
Deploy Cachet with the official Docker Compose workflow
The project’s Docker documentation uses a repository clone, environment configuration, a stable release selection, a build/start cycle, and an application-key generation step. The exact repository layout can change, so keep the checked-out release and Compose file under version control or in an administrative archive.
1. Obtain and pin the project
- Install Docker Engine and the Compose plugin supported by your Linux distribution.
- Clone the official Cachet Docker repository onto the VPS or into your deployment workspace.
- Check out a stable, tagged Cachet release. Do not deploy an unpinned
latestor development build to production; a moving tag can change without the rollback point you expect. - Record the tag, commit or image digest when available, the Compose file, environment values, volume locations, and your rollback procedure.
2. Configure the Compose environment
Edit the environment variables in docker-compose.yml as directed by the release documentation. Set the public URL, database connection values, mail settings if you will use notifications, and persistent volume mappings. Keep credentials out of the Compose file when your deployment system supports a protected environment file or secret store. Check file permissions before starting the stack.
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3. Build and start the stack
From the directory containing the Compose file, run the documented build and startup commands:
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docker-compose upThe documented container listens on port 8000 by default. The example Compose configuration exposes that service on host port 80. Treat those values as the release’s documented defaults, not a reason to expose port 8000 directly to the internet. For production, place a reverse proxy on the public interface, forward internally to the Cachet service, and serve the site over HTTPS.
4. Generate and persist the application key
With the containers running, execute the Artisan key-generation command inside the running Cachet container:
php artisan key:generateCopy the resulting base64: value into the Compose configuration or protected environment file exactly as generated, then restart the stack so every application process uses the same key. Do not generate a different key for each restart, and do not publish the value in a ticket, repository, or shell transcript. If you lose the key, recovery may require restoring the original protected value rather than generating a replacement.
5. Put HTTPS in front of Cachet
Configure Nginx, Caddy, or another reverse proxy to obtain and renew a certificate for the status hostname, redirect HTTP to HTTPS, and proxy requests to the private Cachet listener. Permit the proxy’s public ports through the firewall; leave the application port reachable only from localhost or the internal container network. Verify that the browser sees a valid certificate, that the application generates links with the HTTPS hostname, and that proxy access logs do not disclose environment values.
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6. Verify the deployment before announcing it
- Open the public hostname from a network other than the VPS and confirm the page loads over HTTPS.
- Check that the administrator can sign in and that a normal viewer cannot reach administrative paths without authentication.
- Confirm that a restart does not erase components, incidents, or uploaded assets.
- Stop and start the stack once under supervision; record the commands and expected recovery time.
- Capture the running release tag, container names, volume locations, and log locations in your operations documentation.
Install Cachet directly on Linux when PHP is your standard
The manual route follows the project’s PHP application requirements rather than a fixed command list. Cachet 3.x requires PHP 8.3 or later, Composer, and one supported database: MariaDB, MySQL, PostgreSQL, or SQLite. Package names, required PHP extensions, web-server directives, and migration commands can change between 3.x releases, so use the current Cachet installation and upgrade documentation for the release you selected instead of copying an old command sequence.
Manual-install sequence
- Prepare the host: apply the VPS hardening steps above, install PHP 8.3 or newer and the extensions specified by the selected Cachet release, install Composer, and install your chosen database.
- Obtain a stable source release: download or clone the Cachet source and pin the release. Keep the source revision and Composer lock state needed for a rebuild.
- Create the database and account: use a dedicated database and least-privileged credentials. Do not reuse the primary application’s database account.
- Configure the environment: set the public URL, database connection, timezone, mail settings, and a strong unique
APP_KEYaccording to the current documentation. Protect the environment file with restrictive permissions. - Run the documented installer and migrations: execute the release’s current installation commands from the application directory. Do not substitute commands from a different Cachet major version.
- Serve the public directory: configure the web server to expose Cachet’s public directory, not the repository root or environment file. Pass requests through HTTPS at the reverse proxy.
- Test persistence and upgrades: create a component and a test incident, restart the relevant services, and confirm both records remain before inviting subscribers.
Manual installation gives you direct access to host logs and service managers, but it also makes PHP, Composer, web-server, and database compatibility your responsibility. Document the package versions and configuration so another administrator can reproduce the host.
Complete Cachet’s first-run configuration
Create the administrative workflow
After the public page is reachable, create the administrator account and sign in through the secured hostname. Set the public site name and timezone, then define component groups and components that correspond to services readers actually recognize. Avoid exposing internal implementation names that do not help a customer decide whether an incident affects them.
Practice an incident and maintenance notice
Publish a maintenance notice before a real outage so the team exercises the complete workflow. Use realistic component states and write updates with four fields in plain language: the timestamp, customer impact, mitigation or current action, and the time of the next update. Keep the public page concise; a reader should be able to identify the affected service and latest state without interpreting internal logs.
Configure mail only after the page works
Mail delivery is a secondary dependency. First verify the page, authentication, and incident workflow. Then configure the SMTP or mail credentials required by your release, check the sender policy for the domain, and send a test. If subscribers are enabled, test confirmation and unsubscribe behavior from an external mailbox. Store mail credentials separately from public content and rotate them when ownership changes.
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Use the API without surrendering incident control
The official API represents schedules and their related components and updates in JSON responses. That makes it suitable for controlled integrations that create incidents, change component status, or publish scheduled maintenance from monitoring and deployment systems.
- Issue a dedicated credential for each integration and protect it like any other secret.
- Rate-limit automation and log the actor, request, result, and incident identifier.
- Require an operator review for high-impact changes or provide an explicit manual override.
- Prevent a failed monitor from replacing a carefully written manual incident with an incorrect “operational” state.
- Test API failures, expired credentials, duplicate events, and network timeouts before enabling automatic publication.
Automation should reduce typing during an incident, not remove judgment. Keep a documented manual procedure for posting an update when the monitoring system or integration is unavailable.
Operate the status page as production infrastructure
Backups and restoration
- Back up the Cachet database on a schedule appropriate to the incident history you must retain.
- Back up uploaded assets and any persistent application files in addition to the database.
- Encrypt backup copies, restrict access, and keep at least one copy outside the VPS.
- Record the exact release, environment values, database type, volume or bind-mount paths, and reverse-proxy configuration needed for a rebuild.
- Restore into a separate environment on a schedule. A backup that has never been restored is only an assumption.
Upgrades and rollback
Pin the Cachet release rather than following a moving latest tag. Before an upgrade, read the project’s release and upgrade notes, snapshot or back up the database and assets, and schedule a maintenance window. Apply migrations using the commands for that release, verify the public page and administrator workflow, and keep the previous release and a tested restore path available. Rollback may require restoring both the application version and the database state; rolling back only the container or source tree can leave incompatible migrations behind.
External monitoring
Monitor HTTPS from outside the VPS and alert on more than a simple HTTP status. Track certificate expiry, DNS resolution, disk usage, database health, container restarts or host service failures, and backup freshness. Monitoring from the same host cannot reliably tell you that the public page is reachable. Keep alerts and credentials independent enough that a production outage does not silence the status-page alert.
Security maintenance
- Patch the operating system, PHP runtime, database, reverse proxy, Docker engine, and Cachet release.
- Restrict administrative access and review authentication and proxy logs for unexpected access.
- Use a strong unique
APP_KEYand protected database and mail credentials. - Rotate credentials when employees, contractors, integrations, or hosting accounts change.
- Keep the application listener private and expose only the reverse proxy’s HTTPS endpoint.
Troubleshoot common deployment failures
The page is reachable locally but not publicly
Check DNS resolution, the VPS firewall, the reverse proxy listener, and the certificate’s hostname. Confirm that the proxy can reach the private Cachet port and that the application is not bound only to an inaccessible interface. Test from an external network rather than relying on a browser inside the VPS.
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Containers start, but data disappears after a restart
Inspect the Compose volume or bind-mount declarations and verify that the database and uploaded assets are written to persistent storage. A container filesystem is not a durable database. Confirm persistence by creating a test component, restarting the stack, and checking the record afterward.
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The application reports a key or environment error
Verify that the generated base64: application key was copied without truncation, is available to every application process, and is loaded from the environment file or Compose configuration actually used at startup. Restart after correcting the value and keep the secret out of logs and source control.
Mail or subscriber confirmation fails
Recheck credentials, sender-domain policy, outbound firewall rules, and the mail provider’s logs. Send a controlled test, then verify both confirmation and unsubscribe links from outside the VPS. Do not treat a functioning web page as proof that mail delivery works.
An automated update overwrites a human incident
Disable or pause the integration, restore the intended component state manually, and inspect the integration’s retry and authorization behavior. Add an operator approval gate or conflict rule so monitoring cannot silently replace a manually posted incident.
Pre-launch checklist
- Stable Cachet release selected and recorded.
- PHP 8.3+, Composer, and a supported database available for the chosen installation path.
- Dedicated status DNS name resolves to the intended endpoint.
- HTTPS certificate is valid and renews automatically or has an owner and reminder.
- Cachet’s application port is private; only SSH, HTTP, and HTTPS are exposed as required.
- Database and uploaded assets persist across restarts.
- Administrator account, components, timezone, and public site name configured.
- Test maintenance notice, incident update, mail delivery, subscriber confirmation, and unsubscribe flow completed.
- Encrypted backups exist and a separate-environment restore has succeeded.
- External HTTPS, disk, database, restart, certificate, and backup-freshness monitoring is alerting correctly.
- Upgrade, rollback, and alternate-communication procedures are written where the on-call team can reach them.
The Bottom Line
Use the official Docker Compose path when reproducibility and dependency isolation matter most; use a manual installation when your team already operates PHP directly on Linux. Pin the release, keep the listener behind HTTPS, persist and test the database and assets, protect the application key, and monitor the public page from outside the VPS. Those operating practices—not the choice of packaging alone—determine whether Cachet remains available when your other systems are not.
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