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Start with the scanner project’s security policy, then decide whether you are reporting an inaccurate finding or a possible security weakness in the scanner or its disclosure process. Send ordinary false-positive evidence through the project’s normal issue or support route only when the policy permits it. Send unpatched vulnerability details, exploitable behavior, unsafe remediation guidance, or leaked sensitive data through a private security channel. On GitHub, check the repository’s Security tab and SECURITY.md; use Report a vulnerability when private vulnerability reporting is enabled.
First decide what kind of report you have
The right channel depends on the risk, not on the fact that a scanner produced the alert. A false positive can usually be discussed as a product-quality issue. A scanner flaw or unsafe disclosure may give attackers useful information, expose secrets, or cause users to make a dangerous security decision, so it should be handled as a potential vulnerability until the maintainers classify it.
| Situation | Meaning | Initial handling |
|---|---|---|
| False positive | You have evidence that the reported condition does not apply, such as the affected package version not being installed or the detected code path being unreachable under the documented configuration. | Follow the project’s stated bug-report route, unless the evidence itself would reveal a security weakness. Include reproducible proof and label it as an unverified false-positive report. |
| Potential scanner vulnerability | The scanner appears exploitable, exposes confidential data, gives materially unsafe guidance, or can cause downstream users to make a dangerous security decision. | Use a private security route and ask maintainers to triage it. Do not publish a proof of concept or sensitive output in a public issue. |
| Confirmed vulnerability | The project has validated a weakness that can be exploited against confidentiality, integrity, or availability. | Coordinate a fix, mitigation, and disclosure timetable privately with the project. |
OpenSSF’s vulnerability-disclosure guidance and the OSS-SIRT draft policy distinguish an apparent risk that still needs owner confirmation from a validated, exploitable weakness. Your report should therefore describe evidence and impact without presenting an unverified scanner alert as a confirmed vulnerability.
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Capture the original result while it is reproducible. A maintainer cannot reliably classify a report from a screenshot that omits the rule, version, or configuration. Keep a private copy of the raw output, but remove secrets before sending it.
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- Scanner identity: record the scanner name, exact version, rule or advisory identifier, and the time of the scan.
- Target details: identify the repository, package or component, affected version, lockfile or manifest entry, and the file or code location named by the scanner.
- Execution context: note the operating system, architecture, platform, runtime, relevant configuration, enabled rules, suppression files, and whether the scan ran locally or in CI.
- Original evidence: retain the complete output, exit code, logs needed to understand the result, and a minimal copy of the relevant manifest or lockfile.
- Redaction: remove credentials, API keys, session tokens, private package names, customer data, internal hostnames, and proprietary source that the maintainers do not need.
Do not “fix” the result before preserving it. If you must rotate a leaked credential or remove a dangerous artifact immediately, record what changed, when it changed, and keep a sanitized reproduction that still demonstrates the behavior.
Check the project’s preferred reporting route
Read the repository’s Security tab and SECURITY.md before opening an issue. The project may specify an email address, encryption key, supported versions, scope, required fields, and disclosure rules. Follow those instructions even when they differ from a general workflow.
| Route | Best fit | Visibility and cautions |
|---|---|---|
Repository security policy or SECURITY.md |
The project publishes a preferred intake procedure. | Follow its scope, encryption instructions, supported versions, and escalation rules. |
| GitHub private vulnerability reporting | A GitHub-hosted public repository has enabled the feature. | Use Security > Report a vulnerability. Availability is repository-specific, so the control may not appear. |
| Public issue asking only for a private contact | No security policy or private route is visible. | The issue is public immediately. Ask for the preferred security contact and include no vulnerability details, logs, exploit code, affected versions, or screenshots. |
| Published security email or another project intake | The project specifies a direct contact, especially when it is not hosted on GitHub. | Verify the address and encryption requirements from the project’s own policy. OSS-SIRT’s encrypted-email example is not a universal address or rule for other projects. |
GitHub’s guidance for vulnerability reporters says, “It’s good practice to report vulnerabilities privately to maintainers.” Treat that as a reason to keep potentially exploitable details out of public discussions, not as permission to bypass a project’s stated process.
Prepare a report maintainers can reproduce
A strong report lets a maintainer answer four questions quickly: what produced the result, what you expected, what actually happened, and what harm could follow. Use the smallest reproducible case that preserves the behavior.
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| Report element | What to provide | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|
| Project and component | Repository, scanner, scanner version, rule or advisory identifier, package or code component, and affected version or version range. | Maintainers need to identify the exact implementation and rule data involved. |
| Environment | Operating system, architecture, platform, runtime, dependency manager, relevant configuration, and CI or local execution context. | Environment-specific parsers, paths, and configuration often change scanner behavior. |
| Expected result | State what the rule or documentation says should happen and cite the relevant configuration or package evidence in your report. | This gives maintainers a testable baseline rather than a subjective disagreement. |
| Actual result | Paste the exact output, including rule ID, location, severity, version data, and exit status. Redact secrets while preserving the surrounding structure. | Exact output exposes parsing, matching, and formatting errors that a paraphrase can hide. |
| Reproduction | List commands or UI actions in order, using a minimal sample repository or package set when possible. | A deterministic reproduction shortens triage and makes a fix verifiable. |
| Impact | Explain who could be misled or harmed, the conditions required, and whether confidentiality, integrity, or availability could be affected. | Impact helps the project distinguish a quality bug from a security issue and set priorities. |
| Disclosure preferences | Say whether sensitive information is included, request private communication, propose an embargo or disclosure window, and state whether you want credit. | Maintainers can coordinate safely and record your preferences. |
Step-by-step reporting workflow
- Identify the producer. Write down the scanner name and version, rule or advisory ID, target repository, package and version, scan time, and environment. Save the raw output and the relevant lockfile or manifest excerpt.
- Test the apparent mismatch. For a suspected false positive, verify the installed version, dependency resolution, platform markers, feature flags, and reachable code path. For a possible scanner weakness, test only in an authorized, isolated environment and stop if the test would expose real users or data.
- Classify conservatively. If the result could reveal a scanner exploit, leak sensitive information, provide unsafe remediation advice, or trigger a dangerous downstream decision, treat it as a potential vulnerability. Do not wait for certainty before using a private route.
- Read the security policy. Check the repository’s Security tab and
SECURITY.mdfor the preferred channel, encryption requirements, scope, supported versions, and disclosure terms. - Select the least-exposing channel. Use GitHub’s Report a vulnerability form when enabled, or the project’s published private contact. If neither exists, open a public issue that asks only for a private security contact.
- Assemble the evidence. Include the project, component, versions, environment, exact output, minimal reproduction, explanation of the mismatch or unsafe behavior, realistic impact, and redaction notes.
- Request private triage. Ask the maintainer to acknowledge receipt, classify the report, and confirm whether more evidence is needed. Offer to help reproduce the result without posting sensitive details publicly.
- Coordinate remediation. Keep exploit details private while the issue is unpatched. Agree on a mitigation, fixed version, advisory, credit, and disclosure date where appropriate.
- Keep an audit record. Record the submission date, channel, report identifier, replies, agreed deadlines, remediation version, and final disclosure decision.
How to substantiate an ordinary false positive
Use a false-positive report when the scanner’s conclusion does not match the project’s actual dependency or execution state. The following are evidence patterns, not automatic conclusions.
The affected version is not present
Show the resolved dependency graph, lockfile entry, package-manager output, or platform-specific marker proving that the vulnerable version is not installed in the scanned target. Explain whether the scanner examined a stale manifest, an unselected optional dependency, a development-only dependency, or a different platform target.
The vulnerable path is unreachable
Document the configuration, feature flags, build options, or call graph that prevent execution of the reported path. Include the smallest code or configuration excerpt needed to verify the claim. Avoid asserting that a path is safe merely because your normal deployment does not use it; state the conditions you tested.
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Show the package coordinates, namespace, file path, or generated artifact that the scanner confused. Include both the scanner’s location and the actual component identity. If a renamed, vendored, forked, or internally patched package is involved, explain how its version and provenance differ from the advisory’s target.
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Separate quality feedback from security disclosure
If proving the false positive would reveal an exploitable parser flaw, secret-handling bug, or unsafe advisory-generation behavior, do not place the proof in a public issue. Send it privately and explain that the user-visible finding appears inaccurate while the scanner behavior may itself be security-relevant.
When an inaccurate result becomes a scanner security report
Use the private vulnerability route when the scanner or its surrounding disclosure process can create harm beyond an ordinary incorrect match. Indicators include:
- The scanner can be exploited through a crafted package, repository, archive, manifest, or advisory response.
- The scanner prints, stores, or transmits credentials, private source, internal paths, or other sensitive data that it should protect.
- Its remediation guidance is materially unsafe, such as directing users to remove a control, downgrade to a vulnerable version, or apply a change that creates a new exposure.
- A dangerous result is likely to be consumed automatically by CI, deployment tooling, ticketing systems, or policy gates, causing users to approve or reject a security decision incorrectly.
- The disclosure mechanism itself exposes private reports, reporter identity, exploit details, or affected projects to unauthorized viewers.
Describe the trigger, required attacker or user conditions, affected confidentiality, integrity, or availability, and any safe mitigation. Do not send a weaponized payload when a benign input demonstrates the same issue. If sensitive data was exposed, say what category was visible and whether you have already rotated or contained it; do not resend the secret.
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Using GitHub’s private reporting features
For a GitHub-hosted repository, open the repository’s Security tab. If the project has enabled private vulnerability reporting, select Report a vulnerability and submit the details through the structured private form. The feature is optional and repository-specific, so its absence does not mean the project accepts public reports.
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A private vulnerability report gives maintainers a place to validate impact and collaborate with the finder. GitHub’s repository-security-advisory guidance describes a workflow in which the report remains private while maintainers investigate and prepare a fix, followed by publication of details when disclosure is appropriate and, ideally, a patch is available.
If the repository has no private form and no policy, open a public issue containing only a request such as: “I need the project’s preferred private channel for reporting a security concern. Please provide the appropriate contact.” Do not include the scanner output, rule ID, affected version, repository name, reproduction steps, or impact description in that issue.
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Response times belong to the individual project. Do not promise a severity rating, fix date, or disclosure deadline on the project’s behalf. OSS-SIRT’s Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure Policy draft v0.1, last updated June 3, 2026, proposes acknowledgment within two business days and an initial assessment within ten business days. Those are draft defaults for that policy, not a commitment made by every open-source scanner project; severity, active exploitation, maintainer capacity, and patch complexity can change them.
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After submission, wait for the project’s stated interval before a polite follow-up. Include the report identifier and ask whether the message reached the security contact. If there is no response, use the project’s published escalation or disclosure policy. Do not apply another organization’s escalation rules automatically.
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Keep the channel private while exploit details remain unpatched. If maintainers validate the issue, agree on the remediation version or mitigation, advisory wording, credit, and public date. GitHub recommends involving the reporter while maintainers verify impact and veracity. A coordinated release normally gives users a fix or mitigation at the same time as, or before, detailed public disclosure.
Report templates
Private false-positive or scanner-safety report
Subject: Scanner finding requires triage: RULE_ID in COMPONENT_VERSION
Project: PROJECT_NAME / REPOSITORY
Scanner and version: SCANNER_NAME VERSION
Rule or advisory: RULE_ID
Target component and version: COMPONENT VERSION
Scan time: UTC_TIMESTAMP
Environment: OS, architecture, runtime, platform, and relevant configuration
Summary:
Describe the reported finding and whether you suspect an inaccurate result,
unsafe guidance, data exposure, or exploitable scanner behavior. Treat the
classification as unconfirmed pending maintainer triage.
Expected result:
State what the rule or project documentation indicates should happen.
Actual result:
Paste the exact sanitized output, including location, severity, and exit code.
Reproduction:
1. Command or UI action
2. Next command or action
3. Observed result
Attach only sanitized files or a minimal test case.
Why this appears inaccurate or unsafe:
Explain the package/version evidence, configuration, code path, or disclosure
behavior that does not match the result.
Impact and conditions:
Describe realistic user or attacker conditions and possible effects on
confidentiality, integrity, or availability.
Sensitive information:
State what was redacted and whether credentials or tokens were rotated.
Coordination:
Preferred private channel, desired disclosure timing, and credit preference.
Public request for a private contact when no policy is visible
Security contact request: I need the project’s preferred private channel for a security-related report. Please reply with the appropriate contact method. I am not including technical details in this public issue.Keep the public request minimal. Moving technical details into the same issue defeats the purpose of asking for a private route.
Common failure modes and fixes
| Failure | Why it causes trouble | Fix |
|---|---|---|
| Posting the proof of concept in a public issue | Anyone can copy the details before maintainers can patch or assess them. | Use the security policy, private reporting form, or published encrypted contact. |
| Calling the alert a confirmed vulnerability | The project may classify it as a false positive, configuration issue, or unverified risk. | Use evidence-based language such as “appears inaccurate” or “potential vulnerability pending triage.” |
| Sending only a screenshot | The image often omits versions, rule IDs, configuration, and reproducible steps. | Provide sanitized raw output and a deterministic reproduction. |
| Including secrets in the attachment | The report can spread the very exposure it is meant to fix. | Redact and rotate credentials, then describe the secret type and location without reproducing its value. |
| Assuming the private form exists | GitHub enables private vulnerability reporting per repository. | Check the Security tab; if the control is absent, follow the project policy or request a private contact without details. |
| Demanding a universal deadline | Projects differ in severity models, staffing, and disclosure rules. | Use the project’s own timeline and treat OSS-SIRT’s draft targets as an example only. |
| Continuing public discussion after private submission | Follow-up comments can reveal versions, impact, or exploit clues. | Move technical communication to the private thread and reference only the report identifier publicly, if needed. |
| Over-testing a live target | An attempt to prove exploitability can cause real damage or violate authorization. | Use an isolated, authorized reproduction and stop once the risk is demonstrated safely. |
What to do after the project responds
Review the maintainer’s classification against your evidence. Supply clarifications or a safer reproduction if requested, but do not broaden access to sensitive material. If the project disputes the false-positive claim, ask which package resolution, configuration, or code path it considers authoritative and update your test accordingly.
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For a validated scanner vulnerability, confirm the affected releases, mitigation, fixed version, advisory identifier, and disclosure date. Check that the fix removes the unsafe behavior rather than merely hiding the alert. For a normal false positive, ask whether a rule correction, suppression mechanism, documentation change, or release note will help users avoid the same confusion.
When disclosure is coordinated, verify that the public advisory omits secrets and includes enough affected-version and remediation information for users to protect themselves. Retain your private correspondence and final outcome so later reports can reference the exact behavior without reopening unnecessary exposure.
Quick Recap
Key principles to remember
- Policy first: the repository’s Security tab and
SECURITY.mddefine the preferred route. - Private by default for unpatched weaknesses, unsafe guidance, exploitability, or sensitive leakage.
- Evidence over labels: show the version, configuration, output, reproduction, and impact, while leaving final classification to maintainers.
- Minimal disclosure: send enough to reproduce, but no secrets or unnecessary exploit detail.
- Project-specific timing: acknowledge that response and disclosure schedules vary.
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