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To register an ENS .eth name, use the current ENS-compatible manager to check availability and price, submit a commitment, wait at least 60 seconds, and then reveal the registration details in a second transaction. To manage an existing name, first identify whether it follows the ENSv1 or ENSv2 path; the registrar, payment, permissions, and expiry rules differ.
Registration and renewal are on-chain actions. The name’s registrar controls allocation and expiry, the ENS registry records ownership and the resolver, and the resolver supplies records such as wallet addresses. A primary name also needs a matching forward record and reverse record on the relevant chain.
What an ENS .eth domain actually controls
An ENS name is a human-readable identifier that applications can resolve to machine-readable data. The most familiar record is an address, but a resolver can provide other records supported by ENS-aware applications.
Several separate systems are involved:
- Registrar: sets the rules for allocating names beneath the
.ethtop-level domain and records registration and expiry information. - Registry: stores the name’s owner, resolver, and TTL (time-to-live).
- Owner: the account or permissioned role allowed to perform owner-level actions for that name, subject to the applicable ENS version.
- Resolver: the contract that applications query for addresses and other records.
- Reverse record: associates an address back to a name. It is needed for a primary name, but it is not enough by itself.
Changing a resolver or an address record does not transfer ownership. Renewing extends the registration period but does not change the owner. Conversely, transferring ownership does not automatically change the resolver records or make the name primary for the recipient.
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Determine whether the name uses ENSv1 or ENSv2
Do this before registering, renewing, transferring, or changing records. ENSv2 introduces a new registry and registrar architecture, while ENSv1 names follow the established registry and controller arrangements. The current ENS documentation describes different handling for migrated names and names that remain reserved or unmigrated in v1.
| Issue | ENSv1 path | ENSv2 path |
|---|---|---|
| Registration payment | Controller flow paid in ETH, according to the v1 registrar documentation. | Newer registrar with USD-denominated pricing, accepted payment tokens, and token-approval requirements; the exact options are shown by the current interface. |
| Commitment period | At least 60 seconds before reveal. | At least 60 seconds before reveal. |
| Expiry buffer described in the documentation | 90-day grace period. | 28-day grace period. |
| Registry and permissions | Established registry and controller arrangements. | Permissioned registry with role-based access. |
| Migration and renewal | Renewal behavior depends on whether the name has migrated or remains reserved in v1. ENSv1 registration and renewal are disabled once the applicable v2 transition is live. | Use the v2 flow for migrated names and follow the current migration status shown for the name. |
Do not infer the version from the name alone. In the current ENS manager, inspect the name’s status, registrar path, expiry, and available actions. If the interface identifies a migration or reservation state, follow that state rather than starting a generic v1 or v2 transaction.
Prepare before signing anything
- A compatible wallet: you need control of the account that will own the name or perform the requested action.
- The correct network: confirm the network displayed by the ENS manager and by your wallet before every transaction.
- Funds for the quoted charge and gas: the name’s rent or renewal amount is separate from the network transaction fee.
- A current ENS-compatible frontend: availability, price, supported payment tokens, migration state, and contract details can change.
- A private commitment secret: the reveal must use the same secret used to create the commitment. Keep it available and do not disclose it to anyone asking you to reveal on their behalf.
- The exact owner and destination addresses: copy them carefully and verify them on the transaction confirmation screen.
Never rely on an old price, an old expiry date, or a bookmarked transaction screen. Reopen the current manager immediately before signing and compare the name, network, amount, and recipient shown in your wallet.
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ENS .eth registration uses commit-reveal to make front-running more difficult. The first transaction commits a hash of your intended registration; the second transaction reveals the details after the minimum waiting period.
1. Check the live name status
Enter the complete name in the current ENS manager. Confirm that it is available, note the quoted amount for the duration you want, and check which registrar path the manager presents. The displayed quote is the relevant amount at the time you act; do not substitute a price copied from an older guide.
2. Choose the registration parameters
The registration data includes the label (the portion before .eth), the owner address, the registration duration, a secret used for the commitment, and any resolver or initial-record configuration offered by the interface. Review whether the manager will set a resolver for you or leave that step for later.
3. Submit the commitment
Start the registration and approve the commitment transaction in your wallet. This transaction does not complete ownership of the name. Save the commitment details and the secret exactly as generated. If the transaction fails, do not create a second commitment until you understand whether the first one was mined; duplicate attempts can waste gas and cause confusion about which secret belongs to which commitment.
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4. Wait at least 60 seconds
Both the ENSv1 and ENSv2 registrar documentation specify a minimum 60-second commitment period. A block confirmation is not the same as the elapsed minimum: wait the required time shown by the current manager before attempting the reveal.
5. Reveal and register
Return to the manager after the waiting period and start the reveal. Check the label, owner address, duration, resolver choices, and amount again. ENSv1 documentation describes payment in ETH through the controller flow. ENSv2 documentation describes USD-denominated pricing, accepted payment tokens, and possible token-approval transactions. Approve any required payment-token allowance only after confirming the spender and amount in your wallet.
The reveal transaction completes registration if the name is still eligible and the payment succeeds. The registration fee is not the same as gas, and an approval transaction can add a separate network fee on the v2 path.
6. Verify the result on-chain
After confirmation, reload the name in the manager. Verify the owner, expiry, resolver, and address record. If you configured a resolver or records during registration, check that applications resolve the expected address rather than assuming the transaction set every record you intended.
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How to renew an ENS name
Renewal is not owner-only. The official ENS registrar documentation states: “Any user can renew a domain, not just the owner.” A third party can therefore pay to extend a name, but renewal does not transfer ownership or grant permission to edit records.
Renewal procedure
- Open the name in the current ENS manager and record the owner, expiry, ENS version, and any migration or reservation status.
- Select the renewal action and enter the additional duration.
- Review the live quote, payment asset, network, and gas estimate. Do not assume the payment method used for another name applies here.
- Approve any required token allowance when the v2 flow requests one, checking the spender and amount in your wallet.
- Submit the renewal transaction and wait for confirmation.
- Reload the name and verify that the expiry moved forward while the owner and resolver remained the same.
Renewal extends the registrar’s expiry timestamp. It does not repair a wrong address record, change a primary name, or undo a transfer.
What happens when an ENS name expires
The applicable buffer depends on the ENS version and migration state. ENSv1 documentation describes a 90-day grace period, while ENSv2 documentation describes 28 days. These are not universal guarantees for every .eth name.
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Migrated names and names that remain reserved or unmigrated in v1 can have different renewal handling. Before deciding that a name is safe to renew later, check the manager’s displayed registrar, migration state, expiry, and available renewal action. Use the current official guidance for that exact name rather than applying a grace-period number from a different version.
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Change a resolver or ENS records
The registry and resolver have different jobs. The registry identifies the owner and resolver; the resolver stores the records that applications retrieve. An address can therefore be correct in the wallet while the name still resolves incorrectly because the resolver or its records were not updated.
Update the resolver
- Open the name’s management page and choose the resolver or record-management action presented for its ENS version.
- Confirm that the account or role shown as authorized is the one you control.
- Select the resolver supplied by the current trusted interface, unless you have a specific reason to use another compatible resolver.
- Review the network, target resolver address, and transaction data in your wallet.
- Confirm the transaction, then reload the name and verify that the new resolver is recorded.
ENSv2 uses a permissioned registry and role-based access, so the exact permission prompt can differ from the v1 flow. If the manager reports that you lack the required role, do not attempt an unrelated transfer; identify the account or role that actually controls the name.
Update an address or other records
After the resolver is correct, edit the records that your applications use. An address record should point to the intended account on the relevant chain. Other resolver records may include text or application-specific data, but support depends on the resolver and the application reading it.
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Save each change through the manager’s transaction flow and verify the resulting value from an independent ENS-aware lookup or the name’s on-chain details. A successful transaction proves that a record was written; it does not prove that every application has refreshed its cache.
Transfer ownership and manage subdomains
The owner can transfer an eligible .eth name to another address. Transfers identify who may perform future owner-level actions; they do not automatically move the name’s resolver records or reverse record.
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- Open the ownership or transfer action for the specific name.
- Paste the recipient address and compare it character by character with the intended destination.
- Review the network and transaction summary in your wallet.
- Confirm the transfer, wait for finality, and verify the new owner in the manager.
ENS terminology also allows an owner to create or reassign subdomains, subject to the registrar, registry, resolver, and permission model in use. Treat a subdomain operation as a separate ownership and record decision; changing a parent name’s address does not automatically configure every subdomain.
Set an ENS name as a primary name
A primary name is bidirectional. The name must resolve forward to an address, and that same address must resolve in reverse to the name. Setting only a reverse record is insufficient.
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- Choose the chain on which you want the primary name to appear and connect the account that should own the reverse association.
- Confirm that the name’s forward address record resolves to that exact account on the relevant chain.
- Use the manager’s primary-name or reverse-record action to select the name and submit the transaction.
- Wait for confirmation, then check both directions: address to name and name to address.
- Test the result in the application where you need it. Applications can choose which chain-specific reverse record they read.
ENS documentation describes Ethereum Mainnet as the default Ethereum reverse record and lists support for chain-specific reverse records on Arbitrum, Base, Linea, OP Mainnet, and Scroll. When a chain-specific record is absent, an application may fall back to the default Ethereum record, but application behavior can change. A valid primary name still requires the forward record to match the address on the chain being used.
| Check | What must match |
|---|---|
| Forward resolution | The ENS name resolves to the intended address on the relevant chain. |
| Reverse resolution | The address points back to the selected ENS name through the appropriate reverse record. |
| Chain context | The chain-specific record, if used, matches the chain the application is querying. |
| Application display | The application supports the relevant ENS chain and has refreshed its cached data. |
Understand ENSv1-to-ENSv2 migration
ENSv2 is not merely a redesigned screen. It uses a new registry and registrar architecture, and its permission model can differ from the v1 controller flow. ENS migration guidance distinguishes names that have migrated from names still reserved or unmigrated in v1.
Once the applicable v2 transition is live, v1 registration and renewal are disabled. A migrated name follows v2 operations, while a name still in a reserved or unmigrated state can have separate renewal and management behavior. The safest approach is to let the current manager identify the supported action for the exact name and to read the transaction summary before signing.
Do not hard-code registrar or resolver addresses from an old tutorial. Deployments, supported networks, and frontend labels can change; the current ENS interface and documentation are the authoritative places to confirm the active path.
Troubleshoot common failures
The reveal button is unavailable
The commitment may not have reached the chain, or the minimum waiting period may not have elapsed. Check the commitment transaction status and wait at least the required 60 seconds after it is accepted. If the manager still cannot find it, make sure you are using the same wallet, network, label, and secret used for the commitment.
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The name became unavailable between steps
Do not sign a transaction for a different name or altered label. Recheck availability in the current manager. A commitment protects the intended registration from ordinary front-running, but it does not guarantee that every later transaction will succeed if the commitment expired, parameters changed, or the registrar state changed.
The payment or approval transaction fails
Confirm that you selected the correct registrar path, have enough balance for both the quoted charge and gas, and supplied the required token approval for the v2 flow. Review the spender, token, amount, and network in the wallet. An approval may be a separate transaction from registration or renewal.
Renewal is offered, but the owner is not my wallet
That is expected: any account can renew. Renewal extends expiry without changing ownership. To gain control, use the authorized transfer process or contact the current owner; paying the renewal does not grant editing rights.
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The name resolves to the wrong address
Inspect the registry’s resolver, then inspect the resolver’s address record on the chain in question. Correct whichever layer is wrong. Also check whether the application is showing cached data or reading a different chain-specific record.
The primary name does not appear
Check the reverse record, then verify that the name forwards to the identical address on the relevant chain. A reverse record pointing to a name with a different forward address will not satisfy the bidirectional requirement. Finally, confirm that the application supports the chain-specific record you set.
The transfer or record edit is rejected
Verify the connected account, the name’s ENS version, and any role or permission requirement shown by the manager. A wallet that can pay gas is not necessarily the owner or an authorized v2 role. Stop if the transaction proposes an unexpected recipient, resolver, or network.
Cost and transaction planning
ENS registration and renewal prices are dynamic. The registrar uses a live rent-price function or oracle, and the amount depends on the name and registration duration. The available payment method also depends on the ENS version: v1 documentation describes ETH payment, while v2 documentation describes USD-denominated pricing and accepted payment tokens shown by the current flow.
Budget separately for:
- the quoted registration or renewal amount;
- network gas for the commitment, reveal, renewal, record, transfer, or primary-name transaction;
- any v2 payment-token approval transaction; and
- additional transactions required to set a resolver, records, or reverse record.
No fixed registration price should be treated as current without checking the live quote immediately before signing.
Quick Recap
Final verification checklist
- ENSv1 or ENSv2 path and migration state identified.
- Current availability, expiry, and live quote checked.
- Correct wallet, network, owner address, and destination address confirmed.
- Commitment secret retained until reveal.
- Minimum commitment period observed.
- Payment asset, approval spender, and gas reviewed in the wallet.
- Owner, resolver, records, and expiry verified after confirmation.
- For a primary name, forward and reverse resolution match on the intended chain.
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