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To permanently redirect a subdomain, return an HTTP 301 Moved Permanently response from an HTTP service that answers that subdomain. Pointing the subdomain to another hostname with DNS or a CNAME is not enough: DNS does not read URL paths, issue HTTP status codes, or send a Location header.
You can implement the redirect with a provider’s forwarding feature or with a web server you control. The right choice depends on whether you need path preservation, custom headers, HTTPS control, or reliable handling of non-GET requests.
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When someone requests https://blog.example.com, the browser first uses DNS to find a server. That server then handles the HTTP request. A permanent redirect is an HTTP response from that second layer, not a DNS record.
The response should contain status 301 and a Location header such as https://www.example.com/articles. The client then requests the URL in that header. A 301 tells clients, search systems, and caches that the resource has moved permanently and that future references should use the new URI.
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A redirect can apply to the subdomain root only, or to every path beneath it. For example, you may want both of these behaviors:
blog.example.comredirects tohttps://www.example.com/blog.blog.example.com/2026/launchredirects tohttps://www.example.com/blog/2026/launch, preserving the path.
Decide which behavior you need before choosing a provider feature or server rule. Forwarding products differ in whether they preserve paths, while a server rule can be written to do so explicitly.
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A DNS record maps a name to an address or another hostname. A CNAME makes one hostname an alias of another hostname; it does not perform an HTTP request and cannot return a status code. DNS also has no knowledge of URL paths, query strings, HTTP methods, response headers, or the preferred destination URL.
For that reason, a record such as blog.example.com CNAME www.example.com may cause both names to reach the same web server, but it will not automatically send visitors from one URL to the other. The server may show the destination site under the original hostname, serve a default page, or return an error instead.
The working architecture has two separate parts:
- DNS resolution: the subdomain resolves to a forwarding service or to a server you control.
- HTTP response: that service receives the request and returns a 301 (or, where method preservation is required, a 308) with the destination in
Location.
Choose a forwarding service or your own web server
| Consideration | Provider forwarding | Web server you control |
|---|---|---|
| Setup effort | Usually low; configured in a provider panel or dashboard. | Higher; requires a server, DNS pointing, an HTTP configuration, and TLS. |
| Header and cache control | Limited to the fields exposed by the provider. | Full control over status, headers, and Cache-Control. |
| Path preservation | Depends on the provider’s forwarding implementation and settings. | Can be expressed directly in a rewrite rule. |
| HTTPS certificate | Handled by the provider if its forwarding service supports HTTPS for your hostname. | You must obtain, install, renew, and serve a certificate for the subdomain. |
| Verification | Use curl -I against the subdomain. |
Use curl -I against the subdomain and inspect the server configuration if it fails. |
Use provider forwarding when the destination is simple, the panel clearly offers a permanent redirect, and you do not need unusual headers or complex path rules. Use your own server when you need deterministic path handling, custom cache behavior, multiple redirect conditions, or control over how HTTPS is terminated.
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Before you configure anything
- Choose the exact destination URL. Include the scheme (
https://), hostname, path, and any required trailing slash. A redirect to the wrong canonical variant can create an additional redirect later. - Decide whether paths must carry over. A root-only redirect and a path-preserving redirect are different configurations.
- List the schemes users can request. If the subdomain is reachable over both HTTP and HTTPS, make sure both are handled intentionally.
- Decide how non-GET requests should behave. If POST requests can reach the subdomain, a 301 may allow clients to change the method to GET. A 308 is the permanent alternative that preserves the method.
- Confirm control of the hostname. You need access to the DNS zone and either a forwarding feature or an HTTP endpoint for the subdomain.
- Plan testing before making the result permanent. A 301 is heuristically cacheable, so browsers and intermediate caches may retain it even when you later change the configuration.
Method 1: Configure a provider’s permanent forwarding feature
Provider interfaces vary, so the exact menu names cannot be assumed. Look for a feature described as URL forwarding, web forwarding, domain forwarding, or redirect rules. The setting must explicitly identify the response as 301, permanent, or an equivalent option. A feature that merely points DNS at another hostname is not sufficient.
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- Open the DNS, domain, or hosting dashboard that manages
blog.example.com. - Find the provider’s HTTP forwarding or redirect feature. Do not use a CNAME field unless the provider documents that it also runs an HTTP forwarding service.
- Enter the complete destination URL, including
https://and the desired path. - Select 301 Permanent if the interface offers status choices. Avoid a temporary option such as 302 for a migration that is intended to be permanent.
- Choose the path behavior. If there is an option such as “forward path,” “preserve path,” or “wildcard forwarding,” enable it only when the destination structure matches the old one. Otherwise configure the root URL deliberately.
- Save the rule and wait for the provider to publish it. DNS changes and provider configuration changes can become visible at different times.
- Test the HTTPS hostname and a representative path with
curl -I. Confirm the status and destination rather than relying on a browser’s final page.
If the panel does not state that it returns a 301, treat the result as unverified. Some “forwarding” controls use a framed page, a client-side script, or a temporary status; none of those is equivalent to a server-side permanent redirect.
Method 2: Return the redirect from a web server
A self-managed redirect endpoint must answer requests for the subdomain and return the redirect before serving normal site content. The basic sequence is:
- Create a small HTTP service or virtual host dedicated to the subdomain.
- Point the subdomain’s DNS records to that service. The DNS record gets traffic to the server; it does not itself perform the redirect.
- Install a TLS certificate covering the subdomain if visitors will use HTTPS. The certificate must be presented before the server can return an HTTPS redirect response.
- Configure the virtual host to issue a 301 and set
Locationto the destination. - Reload the web server using its normal configuration procedure.
- Check the response for the root URL and for paths that matter to your migration.
If you operate separate HTTP and HTTPS virtual hosts, configure both intentionally. A common failure is to configure the rule only on HTTP while HTTPS serves a default page or certificate error. The browser must be able to establish the requested connection before it can receive the redirect.
Apache example with path preservation
The following widely used Apache pattern redirects every matched path to the same path below the new hostname:
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RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://newdomain.com/$1 [R=301,L]Use this only in an Apache context where URL rewriting is enabled and the rule is placed in the correct virtual host or configuration file. The pattern and placement should be checked against the Apache version and deployment before shipping. Replace newdomain.com with the actual destination host and test the resulting Location value; do not assume that a copied rule matches your directory or virtual-host layout.
If the old and new URL structures are not identical, use a deliberately mapped destination instead of blindly appending the old path. A rule that preserves paths is correct only when the destination has corresponding paths.
301 versus 308: choose based on request methods
| Status | Permanent? | Method behavior | Use when |
|---|---|---|---|
| 301 Moved Permanently | Yes | Clients are not required to retain the original method; many change POST to GET. | The subdomain serves ordinary navigation and GET requests, and standard permanent redirect behavior is desired. |
| 308 Permanent Redirect | Yes | The user agent must not change the HTTP method. | POST or another non-GET request can reach the old subdomain and must arrive at the destination with its method preserved. |
RFC 9110 defines the permanent semantics of both responses. For a 301, the target resource has a new permanent URI and clients should use the new URI in future references; the server should send a Location header containing the preferred URI. If method preservation is a requirement, choose 308 rather than assuming every client will replay a POST unchanged after a 301.
Path, query, and hostname decisions
Root-only destination
Use a fixed destination when every request should land on one page, for example, sending the entire old subdomain to a migration notice or a new home page. Test a deep old URL to make sure it does not unexpectedly append its path.
Path-preserving destination
Use path preservation when the old and new sites have matching URL structures. Test at least the root, a nested path, a path with a trailing slash, and any important query-string URL. Provider behavior is implementation-specific; a self-managed rewrite rule gives you clearer control.
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Cross-hostname destination
The Location value should be an absolute URL with the intended scheme and hostname. Decide whether the canonical destination uses HTTP or HTTPS, and whether it includes a particular host such as www. Avoid sending visitors through a second redirect just to normalize the hostname.
Verify the redirect with curl
Use a header-only request so you can inspect the first response rather than only the final page:
curl -I https://sub.example.comFor a successful permanent redirect, check all of the following:
- The status line reports
301(or308when that is intentional). - A
Locationheader is present. - The
Locationvalue exactly matches the intended scheme, hostname, path, and any required trailing slash. - The response is generated by the forwarding service or server you configured, not by an unrelated default site.
Then test a representative path:
curl -I https://sub.example.com/example-pathCompare the returned destination with your path policy. If the path should carry over, verify that it appears correctly. If every request should go to one fixed page, verify that an old deep URL does not produce an unintended destination.
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You receive a DNS error or the old site still appears
Check that the subdomain resolves to the forwarding service or server that contains the rule. A CNAME or address record pointing elsewhere cannot activate a redirect configured on a different host. Confirm the DNS name being tested is exactly the configured subdomain, including its spelling.
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You receive 200, 404, or a normal site page instead of 301
The request reached an HTTP service, but that service is not matching the redirect rule. Check the virtual-host hostname, rule placement, and whether the provider feature is actually an HTTP redirect rather than simple DNS aliasing. Inspect the first response with curl -I; following redirects can hide the original status.
HTTPS shows a certificate warning before redirecting
The client must complete TLS before it can read an HTTPS response. Install or enable a certificate for the subdomain on the forwarding service or your server. A redirect rule cannot compensate for a certificate that does not cover the requested hostname.
The destination is wrong or redirects repeatedly
Read the exact Location header and compare it with the intended canonical URL. A loop commonly occurs when the destination hostname is also matched by the old rule, or when two forwarding rules point to each other. Make the old-host match explicit and ensure the destination is served by a separate, non-redirecting configuration.
POST data appears to disappear
This is consistent with 301 method handling: clients are not required to preserve the original method and many switch POST to GET. If the request must remain a POST, use a 308 and test the client behavior end to end.
Deep links do not preserve their paths
Provider forwarding may be configured for the root only, or the provider may not support wildcard path forwarding. Either enable the provider’s documented path option or move the redirect to a server where the rewrite rule explicitly captures the path. Test several real URLs rather than inferring behavior from the home page.
Old behavior persists after a change
301 responses are heuristically cacheable unless the method definition or explicit Cache-Control directives say otherwise. Browsers and intermediary caches can retain a permanent redirect, and clearing it for visitors is difficult. Test with a temporary approach before publishing a permanent rule, and use cache directives only when your forwarding service or server gives you that control.
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- Write down the old hostname, the exact destination URL, and whether paths must be preserved.
- Confirm whether the traffic is GET-only or whether POST and other methods are possible.
- Choose provider forwarding or a server based on header control, path requirements, HTTPS responsibility, and provider support.
- Ensure DNS reaches the selected forwarding endpoint.
- Ensure HTTPS has a valid certificate for the subdomain.
- Configure 301 for ordinary permanent navigation, or 308 when method preservation is required.
- Check the root and representative deep paths with
curl -I. - Verify the first response’s status and
Locationheader, not just the final page displayed by a browser. - Check for loops, unexpected path changes, certificate errors, and unwanted intermediate redirects.
- Only after testing, make the rule permanent in production and document the destination for future maintenance.
What success looks like
A correct configuration has DNS directing the subdomain to an HTTP endpoint, that endpoint answering the requested scheme, and the first HTTP response returning a permanent status with the intended Location. DNS alone cannot provide those HTTP semantics. When the redirect is tested at the header level, path handling and method behavior are explicit, and caching is considered before rollout, the subdomain can be retired without relying on browser scripts or a CNAME that merely aliases another hostname.
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