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Solana v1 transactions can be up to 4,096 bytes, but this is a new transaction format—not a larger limit for every transaction. Legacy and v0 transactions remain capped at 1,232 bytes. To use v1 safely, update builders to encode resource limits in the message configuration, remove address lookup table assumptions, and make RPC readers explicitly accept transaction version 1.
What changes with Solana v1 transactions?
V1 changes the transaction format and several rules around building, sending, and reading transactions. Legacy and v0 remain available for existing flows; v0 continues to support address lookup tables (ALTs), while v1 carries addresses inline.
| Format | Maximum transaction size | Address representation | Resource limits and fees |
|---|---|---|---|
| Legacy | 1,232 bytes | Addresses are in the message; no v0-style ALT references. | Resource settings and priority fee are commonly expressed through ComputeBudget instructions. Priority fee uses a micro-lamports-per-compute-unit price multiplied by the requested compute limit. |
| V0 | 1,232 bytes | Can use address lookup tables. | Resource settings and priority fee are commonly expressed through ComputeBudget instructions. Priority fee uses a micro-lamports-per-compute-unit price multiplied by the requested compute limit. |
| V1 | 4,096 bytes | Addresses are inline; ALTs are not supported. The documented format limit is 64 addresses. | Resource settings and total priority fee are in the message configuration. An omitted compute-unit or loaded-account-data limit defaults to zero. |
These are format limits, not a promise that a transaction will execute successfully. Account count, compute consumption, loaded account data, fees, and application-specific constraints still matter.
Does 4,096 bytes mean Solana packets are now 4,096 bytes?
No. The familiar 1,232-byte PACKET_DATA_SIZE is the MTU-derived packet payload budget, not the maximum serialized size for a v1 transaction. A v1 transaction may be as large as 4,096 bytes; when it exceeds that packet payload, QUIC can carry it across multiple frames during ingestion. Do not use the packet constant as the v1 transaction-size ceiling, and do not describe a 4,096-byte transaction as one network packet.
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What existing transaction builders need to change
Replace ALT assumptions with inline addresses
V1 does not support address lookup tables. A builder that relies on lookup references must construct a v1 message with addresses inline or continue producing v0 transactions for that workflow. The 64-address v1 limit remains in force: the larger byte envelope does not raise the account ceiling. Since 64 full 32-byte addresses alone occupy 2,048 bytes, address representation can materially affect how much room remains for the rest of the message.
Put resource limits in the message configuration
V1 stores resource settings in a fixed-position message configuration rather than relying on ComputeBudget instructions. Set both the compute-unit limit and loaded-account-data limit explicitly. If either is omitted, it defaults to zero and can cause the transaction to fail. Unknown configuration bits are rejected, and the configuration is part of the signed message, so builders and decoders must agree on its structure.
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For sizing, Solana’s documentation recommends simulating with both limits maximized, then using the returned unitsConsumed and loadedAccountsDataSize. Round the loaded-account-data figure up to the next 32 KiB page to leave headroom. This is published guidance, not a guarantee that a particular transaction will succeed.
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Remove ComputeBudget instructions from v1 transactions
ComputeBudget instructions are not rejected in v1, but they do not set its budget. They execute as successful no-ops, still consume 150 compute units, and use one of the 64 instruction slots. Remove them from v1 transactions; readers should obtain v1 resource settings from the message configuration instead.
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Change priority-fee calculation
Do not carry a legacy or v0 per-compute-unit fee calculation into v1. Legacy and v0 express priority fee as a micro-lamports-per-compute-unit price multiplied by the requested compute limit; v1 expresses the priority fee as a total in lamports. Reusing the earlier multiplication or rounding logic can produce the wrong fee.
How to update RPC readers and indexers
Opt in to version 1 for transaction and block reads
For RPC transaction and block reads, set maxSupportedTransactionVersion to the JSON integer 1. Omitting the setting or passing 0 can make a v1 read fail. A v1 transaction can cause an entire getBlock response to fail rather than returning a partial block, so block consumers should be prepared to handle the version they request.
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Consumers of blockSubscribe also need to support the v1-aware behavior described in Solana’s versioned-transactions documentation. Audit subscriptions and downstream decoders, not only direct transaction queries.
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V1 messages include a transactionConfig object in returned JSON; legacy and v0 messages do not. Analytics that only scan instructions for ComputeBudget settings will miss v1 resource and fee values. Make the parser format-aware, read v1 settings from transactionConfig, and avoid assuming that every message has this object. Use the schema supported by the RPC and SDK version you deploy rather than guessing configuration field names.
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- Connectivity: USB-C cable connection only. No Bluetooth.Compatible with the Ledger Wallet crypto app, both desktop (Windows, macOS, Linux) and mobile (Android only). Not compatible with iOS.
- Protect your digital assets with the industry's best security: keep your private keys offline in your private signer, battle-tested by the Donjon's white hat hackers, CC EAL 6+ certified Secure Element, constantly updated Ledger OS.
- Effortlessly build your crypto portfolio via the all in one Ledger Wallet app: buy, sell, send, receive, swap, stake and more across popular blockchains. 15,000+ coins & tokens in a single dashboard. Keep a close eye on the market. Compare service providers. Track performance. Get timely alerts. Build your portfolio with confidence.
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How to send and decode transactions larger than 1,232 bytes
For larger-than-1,232-byte submissions and client-side decoding, Solana’s documentation recommends base64. Base58 remains subject to the old size cap, so a builder that switches to v1 but keeps a base58 encoding path can still fail before the transaction reaches the network.
Documented SDK support generations include @solana/kit 8.0+, Agave 4.2.x-generation Rust crates, and web3.js v3. The web3.js v1 line can read v1 starting at 1.99.0, but cannot build or send v1 transactions. Support depends on the specific package and version in use; confirm compatibility against your deployed dependency rather than assuming all clients with a familiar library name behave alike.
How to migrate without breaking existing flows
- Inventory every transaction path. Identify builders, wallets, signing services, RPC reads, block subscriptions, decoders, and analytics that may encounter v1 messages.
- Choose the format per workload. Keep legacy or v0 for flows that do not need the larger envelope or that rely on ALTs. Use v1 only when its inline-address format and resource configuration fit the workload.
- Update the builder. For v1, inline addresses, stay within the 64-address limit, set compute and loaded-account-data limits in the message configuration, express priority fee as a total lamport amount, and remove ComputeBudget instructions.
- Update transport and parsing. Use base64 for transactions larger than 1,232 bytes, and ensure decoders understand the v1 message and its
transactionConfig. - Update RPC requests. Set
maxSupportedTransactionVersionto integer1on transaction and block reads that may return v1; reviewblockSubscribehandling as well. - Exercise the complete path. Simulate with maximized resource limits as documented, use the returned consumption values to choose explicit limits with loaded-data headroom, then validate signing, submission, RPC retrieval, and indexer parsing for the exact versions you deploy.
Is v1 active, and which workloads benefit?
The Solana Foundation’s upgrade page reports that the txv1 feature gate activated on mainnet at the beginning of epoch 1035 on September 15, 2026, at approximately 01:00 UTC, and that v1 is active on mainnet, testnet, and devnet. Activation does not make every existing transaction a v1 transaction: clients and builders still need to produce and accept the format deliberately.
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The Foundation identifies larger ZK proofs, Confidential Transfer proofs, Winternitz one-time signatures, nested multisigs, and BLS signature schemes as potential beneficiaries of the larger envelope. Evaluate a workload across serialized bytes, account count, compute consumption, and ALT dependence. More room for payload does not itself increase compute budget or account capacity.
How to diagnose common v1 migration errors
- Transaction is rejected or fails near the old size threshold: Confirm that the builder actually emits v1 and that the sending and decoding path uses base64 for payloads above 1,232 bytes. A legacy or v0 transaction still has the 1,232-byte maximum.
- A v1 transaction fails with no useful compute or account-data headroom: Check that both resource limits are explicitly set in the message configuration. An unset limit is zero; use simulation output to size the limits.
- RPC transaction or block read fails on a v1 message: Set
maxSupportedTransactionVersionto the JSON integer1and confirm the client can parse v1. ForgetBlock, account for the possibility that one unsupported transaction makes the whole response fail. - Indexer reports missing resource or fee settings: Check the v1 message’s
transactionConfig; instruction-only ComputeBudget scanning does not expose those settings. - A v1 transaction has too many accounts or unresolved lookup references: V1 uses inline addresses, has a 64-address format limit, and does not support ALTs. Keep the flow on v0 if it depends on lookup tables.
- Budget appears lower than expected or instruction count is unexpectedly high: ComputeBudget instructions do not configure v1. Each is a no-op that consumes 150 compute units and one instruction slot.
- Fee differs from the legacy or v0 estimate: Recheck the fee logic. V1 uses a total lamport amount rather than the earlier per-compute-unit price calculation.
Official documentation
For protocol details, consult Solana Documentation’s Versioned Transactions page and the Solana Foundation’s upgrade page. The figures and behavior described above reflect those official sources; they are protocol documentation, not independent performance benchmarks.
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